{ "$schema": "https://financialfilings.com/oics/download/oics-v0.3.2.schema.json", "name": "OICS", "full_name": "Open Industry Classification Standard", "version": "0.3.2", "status": "public preview", "publisher": "FinancialFilings", "url": "https://financialfilings.com/oics/", "license": { "id": "CC-BY-4.0", "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "attribution": "\"Open Industry Classification Standard (OICS) v0.3.2\" by FinancialFilings, https://financialfilings.com/oics/, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).", "licensor": "FINANCIALREPORTS PTE. LTD.", "copyright": "© FINANCIALREPORTS PTE. LTD., published as FinancialFilings; licensed under CC BY 4.0" }, "levels": [ "sector", "group", "industry", "class" ], "policy": { "identity": "A class's 3-letter ID (e.g. RSD) is permanent from v1.0: unique across the standard, never renamed, never reused, and never an ISO 3166 alpha-3 country code. The full code SECTOR.GROUP.INDUSTRY.CLASS (2/2/3/3 letters) is the class's current placement in the tree; the API returns both. Codes are opaque: nothing should be read from the letters beyond the path. Within the tree a segment means one thing: group, industry and class segments are unique, except that an only child repeats its parent's name (and, for a class, its industry's code), a declared pass-through shown once in interfaces. An `excludes` line \"thing -> CODE\" (or \"-> A | B\", or \"-> (by activity)\") names where a neighboring activity goes instead.", "placement": "IDs are assigned in v0.3 and frozen at v1.0. From v1.0 a class may be re-parented only in a scheduled release, recorded under `moved` with its old and new placement; its ID does not change and stored labels follow without re-classification. A class leaves the tree only by retirement with `replaced_by`, recorded from v1.0 with its ID, and a retired ID is never used again. `changed_definitions` names a class by its current placement. FFIC v0.2 codes predate IDs, so the v0.3 `retired` map is keyed by the v0.2 path.", "versioning": "Semver. MAJOR: a class retired, split or merged, or a definition changed so that more than 10% of a class's companies move. MINOR: a class added or moved (ID kept), or a definition changed that moves at most 10% of a class's companies. PATCH: wording, aliases or excludes that move no company. A change to the rules or entity types is graded the same way, by the companies it moves. A release changes stored labels only for the classes it names in `retired`, `changed_definitions` or `moved`: `moved` entries and relabels apply without model calls; `reclassify`, `recheck` and `changed_definitions` re-classify only the companies they name.", "governance": "One scheduled release a year, announced months ahead after a public consultation. A class is added only when a real peer group exists (evidence gate: at least five listed companies whose main business it is, counted by classifying candidates against the full tree, not by keyword). An activity without a peer group stays unnamed in the tree, so a later class is purely additive. Classes are deprecated, never deleted. Themes are versioned separately and never create, move or split a class. New entity types are appended at the end of the test order.", "national_extensions": "An adopting country may define national sub-classes below a class as ID-CCnn: the class ID, a hyphen, the ISO 3166 alpha-2 country code and two digits (e.g. COP-ZM01), owned and published by that country. They never change an OICS class.", "license": "CC BY 4.0 from v0.3, the first public release. No crosswalk to GICS, ICB or TRBC is published. ISIC Rev. 5 stays alongside as the official statistical label." }, "rules": [ "Entity type first, tested in this order. FUND: a pooled investment vehicle -- closed-end fund, investment trust, BDC, ETF or open-ended fund. FINANCING_VEHICLE: a special-purpose issuer of bonds or asset-backed securities. HOLDING: a company that invests its own capital and holds most of its value in stakes it does not consolidate, or reports net asset value (NAV) as its headline measure -- except a company whose assets are mostly native crypto assets as defined in FI.PD.CRY.CTR, which is OPERATING in that class. SPAC_SHELL: a blank-check company, or a dormant company with no business and no investments of substance (a listed shell, a capital-pool company, or a company whose business was sold or shut and that holds only cash). PUBLIC_SECTOR: a government at any level or its agency funded mainly by taxes or appropriations, a central bank, a supranational, or a public development bank or export-credit agency. Everything else is OPERATING, whatever it calls itself: a 'conglomerate' or 'holding' that consolidates its businesses is OPERATING.", "Primary class: the company's principal activity, measured by revenue where available (the activity that produces most of it). For a company with no meaningful revenue yet, the activity it is being built to perform.", "Secondary classes (at most two): other activities with at least 15% of revenue; fold a secondary into a stronger class of the same industry first. A company classified from its description alone gets a secondary only when the description names a material business line, without a share.", "The definitions decide, not the names. Ignore where the company is listed and what it is famous for; follow what it actually sells.", "Legal form never decides: cooperative, mutual, credit union, state-owned, non-profit, REIT, trust, partnership or Islamic structure are attributes, not industries. A bank holding company is OPERATING and classified by its banking business. A charity, foundation, association, or public or non-profit university, hospital or housing association is classified by what it does, like any company; so is a public body or state-owned company funded mainly by selling goods or services (a port or power authority). Only the bodies named under PUBLIC_SECTOR in rule 1 have no class. A foundation whose value is mostly stakes it does not consolidate is HOLDING (rule 1).", "Royalty, streaming and IP-licensing companies follow the industry of the underlying asset (a gold stream -> gold; drug royalties -> the pharmaceutical class of the underlying drugs; a music catalog -> film, TV & music).", "Platforms are classified by the service they sell: ride-hailing, taxis and car rental -> passenger mobility; restaurant and marketplace delivery -> marketplaces & delivery platforms; online grocers -> grocery retail; online travel -> leisure & travel services; dating and social apps -> online platforms.", "A distributor, dealer or retailer of X is not a maker of X, and a customer industry is not the company's own activity.", "Types of revenue (sales of goods, services, rental, interest), regions, pricing models (license, subscription, usage or per-outcome fees) and funding models (advertising, subscriptions, commissions, token issuance) are not activities. The one place scope decides is banking: national or multinational scope separates FI.BK.BNK.UNV from FI.BK.BNK.REG.", "A miner is classified by its main commodity; a property owner by the property type that produces most of its rent.", "A company that was acquired, merged, delisted, bankrupt or dissolved is classified by the business it ran in its last full year of operation: being historical is never a reason for SPAC_SHELL. SPAC_SHELL is for a company that still exists with no business of substance: a blank-check company, a listed shell, or a company that sold or shut its business and carries on holding only cash.", "Technology, rails, channel and delivery mode never decide. A business that runs on a blockchain, is delivered by AI agents or robots, or sells online is classified by the service it sells, as if it were delivered the conventional way: a venue for tokenized securities is an exchange, payments settled in stablecoins are payments, an AI-run law firm is a law firm, a robotaxi service is passenger mobility. The crypto-asset group (FI.PD.CRY) is only for businesses built around native crypto assets themselves: mining and validating them, trading them and holding them in custody, or holding them as a treasury. Software or service: a company that sells software its clients use to do the work, installed or as a service (SaaS), is software; a company that does the work itself and answers for the output provides a service, whoever or whatever does the work.", "If the description does not say what the company does or did, answer NO_INFO. Never guess from the name alone." ], "entity_types": [ { "code": "OPERATING", "desc": "Runs and consolidates its own businesses. Needs a primary class." }, { "code": "HOLDING", "desc": "Invests its own capital and holds most of its value in stakes it does not consolidate, or reports NAV as its headline measure (Investor AB, Exor, Remgro, LG Corp, listed private equity such as 3i). May have no class until NAV evidence exists; then classes follow NAV, not revenue." }, { "code": "FUND", "desc": "Pooled investment vehicle, tested before HOLDING: closed-end funds, investment trusts, BDCs, venture and lending funds, ETFs/ETCs/ETNs, open-ended funds and tokenized funds. No class." }, { "code": "SPAC_SHELL", "desc": "Blank-check company seeking a business combination, or a dormant company with no business and no investments of substance (listed shell, capital-pool company, business sold or shut and holding only cash); tested after HOLDING. No class; a shell may carry its last business, and a SPAC its target sector, as an optional label." }, { "code": "FINANCING_VEHICLE", "desc": "Special-purpose issuer of bonds, notes or asset-backed securities, or a financing conduit. No class." }, { "code": "PUBLIC_SECTOR", "desc": "A government at any level (national, state, regional or municipal) or its agency funded mainly by taxes or appropriations, a central bank, a supranational, or a public development bank or export-credit agency; tested after SPAC_SHELL. Outside the industry tree: no class. A state-owned company, a public body funded mainly by selling goods or services, and a public university or hospital are OPERATING and classified by what they do." } ], "themes": [ { "code": "AI", "desc": "Develops, sells, or depends materially on artificial-intelligence models, compute or applications." }, { "code": "DIGITAL_ASSETS", "desc": "Issues, trades, holds, mines or builds infrastructure for crypto assets, stablecoins or tokenized assets." }, { "code": "QUANTUM", "desc": "Develops quantum computers, quantum sensing or quantum communication." }, { "code": "SPACE", "desc": "Builds, launches or operates spacecraft and satellites, or sells space-based services." }, { "code": "ROBOTICS_AUTONOMY", "desc": "Builds or operates robots, autonomous vehicles or drones." }, { "code": "ENERGY_TRANSITION", "desc": "Renewables, storage, grids, nuclear, hydrogen and electrification." }, { "code": "CLIMATE_ADAPTATION", "desc": "Carbon removal and markets, water security, resilience and adaptation." }, { "code": "METABOLIC_HEALTH", "desc": "Obesity, diabetes and metabolic medicine." }, { "code": "GENETIC_MEDICINE", "desc": "Gene, cell and RNA therapies and gene editing." }, { "code": "DEFENSE_TECH", "desc": "Autonomous, software-defined and space-based defense systems." }, { "code": "CREATOR_ECONOMY", "desc": "Platforms and tools for independent creators and synthetic media." } ], "tree": [ { "code": "EN", "name": "Energy", "desc": "Finding, producing, moving and refining oil, gas and other fuels, and the rigs and services for it.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OG", "name": "Fuels", "desc": "Companies that own, produce or process fuels.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OG.OGP", "name": "Oil & Gas Producers", "desc": "Owners of oil and gas reserves.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OG.OGP.EXP", "id": "EXP", "name": "Exploration & Production", "desc": "Explores for and produces crude oil and natural gas and sells it at the wellhead, including exploration-stage license holders and owners of oil and gas royalties or mineral rights.", "aliases": [ "upstream", "E&P", "mineral rights" ], "excludes": [ "material refining and fuel marketing in the same group -> EN.OG.OGP.IOG" ] }, { "code": "EN.OG.OGP.IOG", "id": "IOG", "name": "Integrated Oil Companies", "desc": "Produces oil and gas and also refines and markets fuels, often chemicals too, at material scale in one group, with production a material part of it.", "aliases": [ "oil major", "integrated energy company" ], "excludes": [ "production only -> EN.OG.OGP.EXP" ] } ] }, { "code": "EN.OG.PAR", "name": "Pipelines & Refining", "desc": "Moving, storing and refining hydrocarbons.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OG.PAR.PIP", "id": "PIP", "name": "Pipelines & LNG", "desc": "Operates pipelines, storage terminals, gathering and processing plants, liquefaction or regasification.", "aliases": [ "midstream", "LNG terminal", "gas processing" ], "excludes": [ "tanker and gas-carrier fleets -> IN.TP.SHP.TNK", "gas distribution to end users -> UT.UT.GAS.GHN", "CO2 transport and storage -> IN.BS.OPS.ENV" ] }, { "code": "EN.OG.PAR.REF", "id": "REF", "name": "Refining & Fuel Distribution", "desc": "Refines crude oil into fuels and products, or distributes fuels wholesale or through its own station network.", "aliases": [ "downstream", "fuel retail", "petrol stations", "gas stations" ], "excludes": [ "convenience stores selling fuel as a sideline -> CE.EV.EVR.GRO", "production a material part of the group -> EN.OG.OGP.IOG" ] } ] }, { "code": "EN.OG.FUE", "name": "Other Fuels", "desc": "Solid, nuclear and non-fossil fuels.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OG.FUE.COA", "id": "COA", "name": "Coal", "desc": "Mines thermal or metallurgical coal.", "aliases": [ "coking coal", "thermal coal" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "EN.OG.FUE.URA", "id": "URA", "name": "Nuclear Fuel", "desc": "Explores for or mines uranium, or converts, enriches or fabricates nuclear fuel.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "operates nuclear power plants -> UT.UT.ELY.NUC", "builds reactors -> IN.EQ.ELE.PWR" ] }, { "code": "EN.OG.FUE.BFH", "id": "BFH", "name": "Low-Carbon Fuels", "desc": "Produces ethanol, biodiesel, renewable natural gas, hydrogen or synthetic fuels as the product it sells.", "aliases": [ "e-fuels", "green hydrogen", "renewable diesel", "SAF" ], "excludes": [ "electrolyzers and fuel cells (equipment) -> IN.EQ.ELE.CLN", "industrial gases -> MA.CH.SAC.IGS" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "EN.OS", "name": "Oilfield Services", "desc": "Suppliers to oil and gas producers.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OS.OFS", "name": "Oilfield Services", "desc": "Rigs, well services and equipment for oil and gas extraction.", "children": [ { "code": "EN.OS.OFS.DRL", "id": "DRL", "name": "Drilling Contractors", "desc": "Owns and operates onshore or offshore drilling rigs.", "aliases": [ "offshore driller", "jack-up", "drillship" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "EN.OS.OFS.WSE", "id": "WSE", "name": "Well Services & Oilfield Equipment", "desc": "Provides seismic, well completion, subsea and other services, or makes equipment, for oil and gas operators.", "aliases": [ "oilfield services", "OFS", "subsea" ], "excludes": [ "general industrial pumps and valves -> IN.EQ.MCH.IMC" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "MA", "name": "Materials", "desc": "Producing chemicals, metals, minerals, construction materials, packaging and forest products.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.CH", "name": "Chemicals", "desc": "Makers of chemical products.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.CH.BLK", "name": "Bulk Chemicals", "desc": "Large-volume chemicals sold on price.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.CH.BLK.BLK", "id": "BLK", "name": "Bulk Chemicals", "desc": "Makes petrochemicals, plastics and resins in primary form, chlor-alkali or other large-volume chemicals sold on price.", "aliases": [ "commodity chemicals", "basic chemicals", "petrochemicals" ], "excludes": [ "formulated chemicals sold on performance -> MA.CH.SAC.PFC" ] } ] }, { "code": "MA.CH.SAC", "name": "Specialty & Agricultural Chemicals", "desc": "Formulated chemicals, gases and farm inputs.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.CH.SAC.PFC", "id": "PFC", "name": "Performance Chemicals", "desc": "Makes coatings, adhesives, additives, catalysts, flavors and fragrances, electronic chemicals, battery materials (cathode and anode active materials, electrolytes) and other chemicals sold for what they do.", "aliases": [ "specialty chemicals", "paints", "flavours and fragrances" ], "excludes": [ "chemicals sold on price -> MA.CH.BLK.BLK", "wafers, photomasks and other fab-specific materials -> TC.SC.SEM.SME", "fragrances and cosmetics sold to consumers -> CE.EG.HPP.PCR", "battery materials made from metals or graphite it mines itself -> MA.MM.IMT.BAT" ] }, { "code": "MA.CH.SAC.IGS", "id": "IGS", "name": "Industrial Gases", "desc": "Produces and distributes industrial and medical gases.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "hydrogen sold as a fuel -> EN.OG.FUE.BFH" ] }, { "code": "MA.CH.SAC.FER", "id": "FER", "name": "Fertilizers & Crop Protection", "desc": "Makes fertilizers, mines potash or phosphate, or sells pesticides, seeds and agricultural biotech to farmers.", "aliases": [ "agrochemicals", "seeds", "ag-biotech", "potash" ], "excludes": [ "grows crops or raises livestock -> CE.EG.FOD.AGR" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "MA.MM", "name": "Metals & Mining", "desc": "Exploring for, mining and processing metals and minerals, by main commodity.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.MM.PRE", "name": "Precious Metals", "desc": "Gold, silver, platinum-group metals, diamonds and gemstones.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.MM.PRE.GLD", "id": "GLD", "name": "Gold", "desc": "Explores for, develops or mines gold, or holds gold royalties and streams.", "aliases": [ "gold streaming", "gold royalty" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "MA.MM.PRE.SPG", "id": "SPG", "name": "Silver, PGMs & Gems", "desc": "Explores for or mines silver, platinum-group metals, diamonds or other gemstones.", "aliases": [ "platinum", "palladium", "diamonds" ], "excludes": [] } ] }, { "code": "MA.MM.IMT", "name": "Industrial Metals", "desc": "Base, battery and specialty metals and industrial minerals.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.MM.IMT.COP", "id": "COP", "name": "Copper", "desc": "Mines, smelts or refines copper, or makes copper semi-finished products, as its main business.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "insulated wire and cable -> IN.EQ.ELE.ELP" ] }, { "code": "MA.MM.IMT.BAT", "id": "BAT", "name": "Battery & Specialty Metals", "desc": "Mines, smelts or refines lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite, rare earths, tin, vanadium, tungsten or other specialty metals.", "aliases": [ "lithium", "rare earths", "energy-transition metals" ], "excludes": [ "cathode, anode and other battery materials made from purchased inputs -> MA.CH.SAC.PFC" ] }, { "code": "MA.MM.IMT.ALU", "id": "ALU", "name": "Aluminum, Zinc & Lead", "desc": "Mines bauxite or zinc-lead ore, refines or smelts alumina, aluminum, zinc or lead, or rolls and extrudes aluminum.", "aliases": [ "aluminium", "bauxite", "smelter" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "MA.MM.IMT.NMM", "id": "NMM", "name": "Industrial Minerals", "desc": "Mines or processes non-metallic industrial minerals such as kaolin, talc, silica, borates, salt, lime and bentonite.", "aliases": [ "kaolin", "silica sand", "borates" ], "excludes": [ "potash and phosphate -> MA.CH.SAC.FER", "aggregates and cement -> MA.CN.CEM.CEM", "a miner of several metals -> (by main commodity)" ] } ] }, { "code": "MA.MM.STL", "name": "Steel & Iron Ore", "desc": "Iron ore and steel.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.MM.STL.STL", "id": "STL", "name": "Steel & Iron Ore", "desc": "Mines iron ore, makes steel, or makes steel products (pipes, sheet, wire) sold as steel.", "aliases": [ "steelmaker", "iron ore", "stainless steel" ], "excludes": [ "fabricated metal structures and equipment -> (by activity)" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "MA.CN", "name": "Heavy Building Materials", "desc": "Heavy building materials.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.CN.CEM", "name": "Heavy Building Materials", "desc": "Heavy building materials.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.CN.CEM.CEM", "id": "CEM", "name": "Heavy Building Materials", "desc": "Makes cement, concrete, aggregates, bricks, flat glass or other heavy construction materials.", "aliases": [ "cement", "aggregates", "ready-mix", "flat glass" ], "excludes": [ "finished building components (windows, doors, insulation) -> IN.EQ.BLD.BCP" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "MA.PK", "name": "Packaging & Paper", "desc": "Packaging, paper and wood.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.PK.PCK", "name": "Packaging", "desc": "Packaging producers.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.PK.PCK.PCK", "id": "PCK", "name": "Packaging", "desc": "Makes metal, glass, plastic or paper packaging, labels and containers.", "aliases": [ "containers", "cans", "bottles", "cartons" ], "excludes": [] } ] }, { "code": "MA.PK.FOR", "name": "Forest Products", "desc": "Pulp, paper and wood products.", "children": [ { "code": "MA.PK.FOR.PAP", "id": "PAP", "name": "Pulp & Paper", "desc": "Produces pulp, paper or paperboard.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "packaging made from paperboard -> MA.PK.PCK.PCK" ] }, { "code": "MA.PK.FOR.WOD", "id": "WOD", "name": "Wood Products", "desc": "Owns and manages forests or timberland (REIT or not), or runs sawmills and makes wood panels or pellets.", "aliases": [ "timberland REIT", "forestry", "sawmill" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "IN", "name": "Industrials", "desc": "Machinery and equipment, business services, and the transport of goods and people.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ", "name": "Capital Goods", "desc": "Makers of the equipment, machinery and structures that businesses and governments invest in, and the trade in industrial goods.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ.AER", "name": "Aerospace, Space & Defense", "desc": "Aircraft, spacecraft and military equipment.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ.AER.ACS", "id": "ACS", "name": "Civil Aircraft & Components", "desc": "Makes civil aircraft, helicopters, eVTOL aircraft, engines, avionics and components.", "aliases": [ "aerospace", "aero-engines", "eVTOL" ], "excludes": [ "military equipment as the main business -> IN.EQ.AER.DEF", "launch vehicles, spacecraft and satellites -> IN.EQ.AER.SPA" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.AER.SPA", "id": "SPA", "name": "Space Systems & Launch", "desc": "Makes launch vehicles, spacecraft, satellites and their components, or sells launch, in-orbit transport and in-orbit servicing.", "aliases": [ "launch provider", "satellite manufacturer", "space tug", "in-orbit servicing" ], "excludes": [ "sells communications or data from satellites it operates -> CM.TL.TEL.SAT", "space systems sold mainly to militaries, space weapons and missile defense -> IN.EQ.AER.DEF" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.AER.DEF", "id": "DEF", "name": "Defense", "desc": "Makes weapons, military vehicles and ships, ammunition or defense electronics, including uncrewed and autonomous systems, missile-defense and military space systems, and weapon-control software sold as defense systems; a dual-use maker goes by its main customer.", "aliases": [ "defence", "naval shipbuilding", "military" ], "excludes": [ "government IT contracts -> TC.IT.ITS.ITC" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.MCH", "name": "Mechanical Equipment", "desc": "Mechanical equipment.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ.MCH.IMC", "id": "IMC", "name": "Industrial Machinery", "desc": "Makes machine tools, pumps, valves, compressors, bearings, filtration, elevators and escalators and other industrial equipment.", "aliases": [ "machine tools", "flow control", "water treatment equipment", "elevators" ], "excludes": [ "oilfield equipment -> EN.OS.OFS.WSE", "semiconductor equipment -> TC.SC.SEM.SME", "electronic test and measurement instruments -> TC.HW.ELC.EIN", "robots and automation systems -> IN.EQ.MCH.RBT" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.MCH.RBT", "id": "RBT", "name": "Robots & Automation", "desc": "Makes robots (industrial, collaborative, mobile, service and humanoid) and factory, warehouse and process automation and control systems, whoever buys them.", "aliases": [ "humanoid robot", "cobot", "warehouse automation", "PLC", "motion control" ], "excludes": [ "surgical robots -> HC.MT.MDV.MEQ", "robot vacuums and other single-task home appliances -> CL.GD.HOM.AHF", "robot foundation models -> TC.SW.PLT.MDL", "robots run to sell a service -> (by activity)" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.MCH.HVY", "id": "HVY", "name": "Heavy Machinery & Vehicles", "desc": "Makes construction and mining machinery, farm equipment, trucks, buses, rail vehicles or commercial ships.", "aliases": [ "shipbuilding", "rolling stock", "trucks" ], "excludes": [ "cars and motorcycles -> CL.GD.AUT.OEM", "warships -> IN.EQ.AER.DEF" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.ELE", "name": "Electrical & Energy Equipment", "desc": "Electrical products, and equipment that generates, moves or stores power.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ.ELE.ELP", "id": "ELP", "name": "Electrical Products", "desc": "Makes motors, cables, lighting, switchgear, security equipment and other electrical products.", "aliases": [ "cables", "lighting", "security cameras", "alarms" ], "excludes": [ "electronic components -> TC.HW.ELC.ECP", "bare copper rod, wire and conductors -> MA.MM.IMT.COP" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.ELE.PWR", "id": "PWR", "name": "Power Equipment", "desc": "Makes turbines, generators, transformers, grid and nuclear equipment, including small modular reactor and fusion developers that sell reactors, modules or plants to others.", "aliases": [ "SMR", "fusion", "transformers" ], "excludes": [ "developers that will own the plants and sell the power -> UT.UT.ELY.NUC" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.ELE.CLN", "id": "CLN", "name": "Renewable & Hydrogen Equipment", "desc": "Makes solar modules and inverters, wind turbines, fuel cells, electrolyzers or EV-charging hardware.", "aliases": [ "solar", "wind turbine", "electrolyser", "fuel cell" ], "excludes": [ "owns and operates renewable plants -> UT.UT.ELY.REN", "operates EV charging networks -> UT.UT.ELY.PGS", "battery cells and storage systems -> IN.EQ.ELE.ESS" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.ELE.ESS", "id": "ESS", "name": "Batteries & Energy Storage Systems", "desc": "Makes battery cells, modules and packs for vehicles, grids, devices or machines, whatever the chemistry, or integrates stationary storage systems.", "aliases": [ "battery cells", "gigafactory", "BESS integrator", "sodium-ion", "solid-state battery" ], "excludes": [ "battery metals -> MA.MM.IMT.BAT", "cathode, anode and other battery materials -> MA.CH.SAC.PFC | MA.MM.IMT.BAT", "household batteries sold through retail -> CE.EG.HPP.HOU" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.BLD", "name": "Construction", "desc": "Building the built environment and its parts.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ.BLD.ENG", "id": "ENG", "name": "Construction Contractors", "desc": "Builds infrastructure, plants and buildings for others, including design-and-build and contract mining.", "aliases": [ "contractor", "EPC", "contract mining", "civil engineering" ], "excludes": [ "design and consultancy only -> IN.BS.APS.CNS", "own-account residential development and homebuilding -> RE.DS.DEV.RSD", "own-account commercial development -> RE.DS.DEV.CMD" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.BLD.BCP", "id": "BCP", "name": "Building Components", "desc": "Makes doors, windows, insulation, HVAC, plumbing and other building components.", "aliases": [ "HVAC", "insulation", "building products" ], "excludes": [ "cement, aggregates and flat glass -> MA.CN.CEM.CEM", "elevators and escalators -> IN.EQ.MCH.IMC" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.DST", "name": "Industrial Trading", "desc": "Wholesale trade in industrial goods.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.EQ.DST.IDS", "id": "IDS", "name": "Industrial Distributors", "desc": "Distributes industrial goods, machinery, parts and supplies bought from others.", "aliases": [ "MRO distributor", "industrial wholesale" ], "excludes": [ "makes most of what it sells -> (by activity)", "technology products -> TC.HW.ELC.TDS", "food and consumer goods -> CE.EV.EVR.WHS", "vehicle dealers -> CL.RT.STR.DLR" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.DST.CMT", "id": "CMT", "name": "Commodity Traders", "desc": "Buys, ships and sells metals, minerals, crude oil and oil products, carbon credits and allowances produced by others (physical commodity trading), often with some own production.", "aliases": [ "commodity trading house", "metals trader" ], "excludes": [ "grain and oilseed trading -> CE.EG.FOD.AGR", "fuel distribution networks -> EN.OG.PAR.REF", "own mines earn most revenue -> (by main commodity)", "power and gas trading -> UT.UT.ELY.FNP" ] }, { "code": "IN.EQ.DST.GTH", "id": "GTH", "name": "General Trading Houses", "desc": "Trades and invests across many unrelated industries and commodities, like the Japanese sogo shosha.", "aliases": [ "sogo shosha", "trading house", "trading company" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.BS", "name": "Business Services", "desc": "Services sold to companies and governments.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.BS.APS", "name": "Knowledge Services", "desc": "Knowledge and people services.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.BS.APS.CNS", "id": "CNS", "name": "Consulting & Professional Services", "desc": "Provides management consulting, engineering design, architecture, market research, legal or accounting services.", "aliases": [ "management consulting", "engineering consultancy", "law firm" ], "excludes": [ "design-and-build contracts -> IN.EQ.BLD.ENG", "IT consulting -> TC.IT.ITS.ITC", "financial data and ratings -> FI.MK.MKI.FDR" ] }, { "code": "IN.BS.APS.HRS", "id": "HRS", "name": "Workforce Services", "desc": "Provides temporary staffing, recruitment, payroll or HR outsourcing.", "aliases": [ "recruitment", "payroll" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "IN.BS.APS.TIC", "id": "TIC", "name": "Testing, Inspection & Certification", "desc": "Independently tests, inspects and certifies products, assets and processes for industry, including trade inspection and resource testing, and validates and verifies carbon-credit projects.", "aliases": [ "TIC", "assurance", "inspection" ], "excludes": [ "medical and diagnostic laboratories -> HC.CR.HSV.CLS", "drug-trial laboratories -> HC.PH.LSC.CRO" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.BS.OPS", "name": "Outsourced Services", "desc": "Outsourced operational services.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.BS.OPS.ENV", "id": "ENV", "name": "Environmental Services", "desc": "Collects and treats waste, recycles, remediates, develops carbon-credit projects, or removes carbon dioxide (direct air capture, mineralization, BECCS sold as removals) or transports and stores it permanently.", "aliases": [ "waste management", "recycling", "carbon credits", "offsets" ], "excludes": [ "waste-to-energy plants selling mostly power -> UT.UT.ELY.FNP", "water and wastewater utilities -> UT.UT.WAT.WAT", "validates and verifies carbon-credit projects -> IN.BS.APS.TIC" ] }, { "code": "IN.BS.OPS.SUP", "id": "SUP", "name": "Outsourced Support Services", "desc": "Provides facility management, cleaning, security guarding, printing, or short-term rental of tools and equipment to businesses.", "aliases": [ "facility services", "equipment rental" ], "excludes": [ "agricultural services and farm machinery for hire -> CE.EG.FOD.AGR", "long-term leasing of aircraft, ships, containers or railcars -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR", "runs custodial facilities or delivers public services on a government's behalf -> IN.BS.OPS.GCS", "call centers and other process outsourcing -> IN.BS.OPS.BPO", "short-term vehicle rental -> IN.TP.LOG.PAX" ] }, { "code": "IN.BS.OPS.BPO", "id": "BPO", "name": "Business Process Outsourcing", "desc": "Runs business processes for clients, with people, software agents or both: customer contact, finance and accounting, back office, trust and safety, data labeling and AI-training data.", "aliases": [ "BPO", "call center", "contact center", "customer-experience outsourcing", "data annotation" ], "excludes": [ "IT systems work -> TC.IT.ITS.ITC", "software the client uses to do the work itself -> TC.SW.APP.BUS | TC.SW.APP.ISS | HC.CR.HSV.TEC", "public services run for a government -> IN.BS.OPS.GCS", "payroll and HR outsourcing -> IN.BS.APS.HRS", "insurance claims administration -> FI.IS.INS.BRK" ] }, { "code": "IN.BS.OPS.GCS", "id": "GCS", "name": "Government & Correctional Services", "desc": "Runs custodial facilities (prisons, detention, secure hospitals) or delivers public services on a government's behalf, such as benefits administration or employment programs.", "aliases": [ "private prisons", "detention", "public service outsourcing" ], "excludes": [ "government IT systems -> TC.IT.ITS.ITC", "back-office outsourcing -> IN.BS.OPS.BPO" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.TP", "name": "Transport", "desc": "Moving goods and people, and the assets for it.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.TP.LOG", "name": "Logistics & Land Transport", "desc": "Freight and passenger transport over land, and logistics.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.TP.LOG.FWD", "id": "FWD", "name": "Logistics", "desc": "Provides contract logistics, freight forwarding, warehousing, courier or parcel delivery.", "aliases": [ "3PL", "freight forwarding", "courier" ], "excludes": [ "owns warehouses to lease out -> RE.PO.COM.LGP" ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.LOG.LND", "id": "LND", "name": "Rail & Road Freight", "desc": "Runs rail freight or trucking, crewed or driverless.", "aliases": [ "trucking", "railroad", "autonomous trucking" ], "excludes": [ "moves people -> IN.TP.LOG.PAX", "leases railcars or trucks to others -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR" ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.LOG.PAX", "id": "PAX", "name": "Passenger Mobility", "desc": "Moves people by road or rail, or rents out vehicles short-term: ride-hailing, taxis and robotaxis, car, van and truck rental and car-sharing, buses and coaches, passenger rail and micromobility.", "aliases": [ "robotaxi", "ride-hailing", "car rental", "bus operator", "passenger rail" ], "excludes": [ "freight -> IN.TP.LOG.LND", "builds the vehicles -> CL.GD.AUT.OEM | IN.EQ.MCH.HVY", "long-term vehicle leasing -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.SHP", "name": "Shipping", "desc": "Owning and operating ships.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.TP.SHP.CNT", "id": "CNT", "name": "Liner Shipping", "desc": "Runs container lines or other scheduled liner services (ro-ro, car carriers, ferries), or owns containerships time-chartered to liner operators.", "aliases": [ "container line", "ferries", "ro-ro" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "IN.TP.SHP.DRY", "id": "DRY", "name": "Dry Bulk Shipping", "desc": "Owns or charters out dry bulk carriers for iron ore, coal, grain and other bulk cargo.", "aliases": [ "capesize", "panamax" ], "excludes": [ "leases vessels on bareboat charter -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR" ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.SHP.TNK", "id": "TNK", "name": "Tankers & Gas Carriers", "desc": "Owns or charters out crude, product or chemical tankers, or LNG and LPG carriers.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "LNG terminals and pipelines -> EN.OG.PAR.PIP", "leases vessels on bareboat charter -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.AIR", "name": "Airlines", "desc": "Air transport of passengers and cargo.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.TP.AIR.AIR", "id": "AIR", "name": "Airlines", "desc": "Flies passengers or cargo.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "leases aircraft to airlines -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.TIS", "name": "Transport Infrastructure", "desc": "Operators of transport infrastructure.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.TP.TIS.TIS", "id": "TIS", "name": "Transport Infrastructure", "desc": "Operates airports, seaports and terminals, toll roads, rail track or related concessions.", "aliases": [ "toll road", "port operator", "airport operator" ], "excludes": [ "builds the infrastructure for others -> IN.EQ.BLD.ENG" ] } ] }, { "code": "IN.TP.LSR", "name": "Transport Equipment Lessors", "desc": "Owners of transport assets leased to operators.", "children": [ { "code": "IN.TP.LSR.LSR", "id": "LSR", "name": "Transport Equipment Lessors", "desc": "Owns aircraft, engines, containers, railcars or ships on bareboat charter and leases them to operators who run them, or leases vehicles long-term.", "aliases": [ "aircraft lessor", "container lessor", "railcar leasing" ], "excludes": [ "finance leases and commercial finance -> FI.BK.NBL.LEA", "short-term tool and equipment rental -> IN.BS.OPS.SUP", "short-term vehicle rental -> IN.TP.LOG.PAX" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CE", "name": "Consumer Essentials", "desc": "Everyday goods households keep buying whatever the economy does -- food and drink, tobacco, household and personal products -- and the grocery and drugstore trade that sells them.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EG", "name": "Essential Goods", "desc": "Makers of food, drinks, tobacco, and household and personal-care products.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EG.FOD", "name": "Food & Farming", "desc": "Farming and food manufacturing.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EG.FOD.PKG", "id": "PKG", "name": "Processed Foods", "desc": "Makes packaged foods, dairy, processed meat, bakery, confectionery or pet food.", "aliases": [ "food manufacturer", "dairy", "meat processing" ], "excludes": [ "grows, catches or trades unprocessed or primary-processed food commodities (fresh eggs, crude palm oil, raw sugar) -> CE.EG.FOD.AGR", "vitamins, dietary supplements and medical nutrition -> HC.PH.PHA.GNX" ] }, { "code": "CE.EG.FOD.AGR", "id": "AGR", "name": "Agriculture", "desc": "Grows crops (food or non-food) or raises livestock, farms fish or fishes, processes and trades sugar, grain and oilseeds, owns farmland by its use, or provides agricultural services such as farm machinery for hire and crop or livestock support. A grower that also processes goes by what it sells most: unprocessed or primary-processed commodities (fresh eggs, crude palm oil, raw sugar) are here.", "aliases": [ "agriculture", "aquaculture", "plantation", "agricultural services", "farmland" ], "excludes": [ "fertilizers, seeds and crop protection -> MA.CH.SAC.FER", "farm machinery makers -> IN.EQ.MCH.HVY", "branded or packaged food earning most of a grower's revenue -> CE.EG.FOD.PKG" ] } ] }, { "code": "CE.EG.BEV", "name": "Drinks", "desc": "Alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EG.BEV.ALC", "id": "ALC", "name": "Alcoholic Drinks", "desc": "Makes beer, spirits, wine or cider.", "aliases": [ "brewer", "distiller", "winery" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CE.EG.BEV.SFT", "id": "SFT", "name": "Non-Alcoholic Drinks", "desc": "Makes soft drinks, juices, bottled water, energy drinks, coffee or tea.", "aliases": [ "soft drinks", "bottler", "coffee" ], "excludes": [ "coffee shop chains -> CL.SV.HSP.RST" ] } ] }, { "code": "CE.EG.TOB", "name": "Tobacco & Cannabis", "desc": "Tobacco, nicotine and cannabis products.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EG.TOB.TBN", "id": "TBN", "name": "Tobacco & Nicotine", "desc": "Makes cigarettes, cigars, vaping or other nicotine products.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CE.EG.TOB.CNB", "id": "CNB", "name": "Cannabis", "desc": "Cultivates or processes medical or recreational cannabis, hemp or CBD products.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "dispensary-only retail -> CL.RT.STR.SPS", "approved cannabinoid prescription drugs -> HC.PH.PHA.RXB" ] } ] }, { "code": "CE.EG.HPP", "name": "Home & Personal Care", "desc": "Everyday consumables other than food.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EG.HPP.HOU", "id": "HOU", "name": "Household Consumables", "desc": "Makes detergents, cleaning products, paper towels, diapers and other household consumables.", "aliases": [ "detergent", "tissue" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CE.EG.HPP.PCR", "id": "PCR", "name": "Personal Care", "desc": "Makes cosmetics, skin and hair care, fragrances, toiletries or oral care.", "aliases": [ "cosmetics", "beauty" ], "excludes": [ "salons and spas -> CL.SV.PSV.PSC", "flavor and fragrance ingredients sold to manufacturers -> MA.CH.SAC.PFC" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CE.EV", "name": "Everyday Retail & Wholesale", "desc": "Everyday-needs retail and its wholesale supply.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EV.EVR", "name": "Everyday Retail & Wholesale", "desc": "Everyday-needs retail and its wholesale supply.", "children": [ { "code": "CE.EV.EVR.GRO", "id": "GRO", "name": "Grocery Retail", "desc": "Runs grocery, hypermarket, warehouse-club, drugstore, convenience-store or discount chains selling mostly food and household consumables, in stores or online.", "aliases": [ "supermarket", "pharmacy chain", "convenience store", "dollar store" ], "excludes": [ "fuel station networks where fuel earns most revenue -> EN.OG.PAR.REF" ] }, { "code": "CE.EV.EVR.WHS", "id": "WHS", "name": "Consumer-Goods Wholesale", "desc": "Distributes food, drinks and consumer goods to retailers and food-service customers.", "aliases": [ "food distributor", "cash and carry" ], "excludes": [ "drug and medical-product wholesale -> HC.CR.HSV.HDS", "industrial goods -> IN.EQ.DST.IDS" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CL", "name": "Consumer Lifestyle", "desc": "Goods and services households buy more of when times are good -- vehicles, durables, apparel, leisure and travel -- and the non-essential retail that sells them.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.GD", "name": "Consumer Goods", "desc": "Longer-lived and discretionary consumer goods.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.GD.AUT", "name": "Vehicles", "desc": "Cars, motorcycles and their parts.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.GD.AUT.OEM", "id": "OEM", "name": "Vehicle Makers", "desc": "Makes cars, motorcycles or electric vehicles.", "aliases": [ "automaker", "EV maker" ], "excludes": [ "trucks and buses -> IN.EQ.MCH.HVY", "sells or distributes vehicles made by others -> CL.RT.STR.DLR" ] }, { "code": "CL.GD.AUT.APT", "id": "APT", "name": "Auto Parts", "desc": "Makes components, systems or tires for vehicle makers or the aftermarket.", "aliases": [ "tyres", "auto supplier", "die casting" ], "excludes": [ "EV batteries and battery cells -> IN.EQ.ELE.ESS" ] } ] }, { "code": "CL.GD.HOM", "name": "Durables", "desc": "Durable goods for the home and for leisure.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.GD.HOM.AHF", "id": "AHF", "name": "Home Goods", "desc": "Makes household appliances, furniture, home textiles, tableware or housewares.", "aliases": [ "white goods", "furniture" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CL.GD.HOM.LEI", "id": "LEI", "name": "Leisure Goods", "desc": "Makes toys, sporting goods, bicycles, boats, recreational vehicles or musical instruments.", "aliases": [ "toys", "RVs", "bicycles" ], "excludes": [ "game consoles whose economics are the games -> CM.MC.ENT.VGM", "gaming machines and lottery systems -> CL.SV.HSP.BET" ] } ] }, { "code": "CL.GD.APR", "name": "Apparel & Luxury", "desc": "Clothing, footwear, luxury goods and textiles.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.GD.APR.AFW", "id": "AFW", "name": "Apparel", "desc": "Designs and makes clothing or footwear, as a brand or a manufacturer.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "sells clothing made by others in its own stores -> CL.RT.STR.SPS" ] }, { "code": "CL.GD.APR.LXG", "id": "LXG", "name": "Luxury Goods", "desc": "Runs luxury fashion houses, or makes watches, jewelry or leather goods.", "aliases": [ "jewellery", "watches", "luxury" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CL.GD.APR.TEX", "id": "TEX", "name": "Textiles", "desc": "Produces yarn, fiber or fabric.", "aliases": [ "spinning", "weaving" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CL.RT", "name": "Lifestyle Retail", "desc": "Non-essential retail, in stores and online.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.RT.STR", "name": "Retailers", "desc": "Retailers selling non-essential goods from their own inventory, in stores or online.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.RT.STR.SPS", "id": "SPS", "name": "Single-Category Stores", "desc": "Sells one category from its own inventory, in stores or online: apparel, electronics, home improvement, furniture, sporting goods, travel retail and other specialty retail.", "aliases": [ "duty-free", "travel retail", "home improvement" ], "excludes": [ "groceries and drugstores -> CE.EV.EVR.GRO" ] }, { "code": "CL.RT.STR.DPT", "id": "DPT", "name": "Multi-Category Stores", "desc": "Runs department stores, discount or variety stores selling mostly general merchandise, or online stores, selling many categories from its own inventory.", "aliases": [ "department store", "variety store" ], "excludes": [ "sells mostly food and household consumables -> CE.EV.EVR.GRO" ] }, { "code": "CL.RT.STR.DLR", "id": "DLR", "name": "Vehicle Dealers", "desc": "Sells or distributes new and used vehicles made by others, or retails auto parts.", "aliases": [ "car dealer", "dealership", "vehicle distributor" ], "excludes": [ "makes the vehicles -> CL.GD.AUT.OEM" ] } ] }, { "code": "CL.RT.MKP", "name": "Marketplaces & Delivery Platforms", "desc": "Online marketplaces for third-party sellers' goods, and delivery platforms.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.RT.MKP.MKP", "id": "MKP", "name": "Marketplaces & Delivery Platforms", "desc": "Runs an online marketplace where third-party sellers sell goods to buyers, acting as agent rather than owner of the goods, with the fulfillment, payment and advertising services it sells to those sellers; or runs a restaurant and retail delivery platform.", "aliases": [ "marketplace", "food delivery", "B2B marketplace", "third-party sellers" ], "excludes": [ "classifieds and listing sites that are not party to the sale -> CM.OL.OLP.OLP", "sells its own inventory online -> (by activity)", "online grocers and quick commerce selling own inventory -> CE.EV.EVR.GRO", "online travel agencies -> CL.SV.HSP.LTS" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CL.SV", "name": "Leisure & Personal Services", "desc": "Services consumed by households.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.SV.HSP", "name": "Hospitality & Leisure", "desc": "Hotels, restaurants, travel, leisure and betting.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.SV.HSP.HOT", "id": "HOT", "name": "Hotels & Cruises", "desc": "Operates or franchises hotels and resorts, or runs cruise lines.", "aliases": [ "hotel operator", "resort" ], "excludes": [ "owns hotels leased to operators -> RE.PO.SPC.HTP" ] }, { "code": "CL.SV.HSP.RST", "id": "RST", "name": "Restaurants", "desc": "Runs restaurant chains, cafes, catering or contract food service.", "aliases": [ "quick service", "catering" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CL.SV.HSP.LTS", "id": "LTS", "name": "Leisure & Travel Services", "desc": "Runs theme parks, fitness clubs, cinemas, ski areas, marinas, travel agencies, tour operators or online travel agencies.", "aliases": [ "gym", "OTA", "tour operator", "cinema" ], "excludes": [ "sports clubs and leagues -> CM.MC.ENT.SPT" ] }, { "code": "CL.SV.HSP.BET", "id": "BET", "name": "Gambling", "desc": "Runs casinos, lotteries, sports betting or online gambling, or makes gaming machines and lottery systems.", "aliases": [ "gambling", "igaming", "slot machines" ], "excludes": [] } ] }, { "code": "CL.SV.PSV", "name": "Education & Personal Services", "desc": "Services to individuals.", "children": [ { "code": "CL.SV.PSV.EDU", "id": "EDU", "name": "Education", "desc": "Runs schools, universities or training, in person or online, including online courses and learning apps.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "education software sold to institutions -> TC.SW.APP.ISS", "textbook publishing -> CM.MC.MED.PBL" ] }, { "code": "CL.SV.PSV.PSC", "id": "PSC", "name": "Personal Services", "desc": "Provides childcare, funerals, cemeteries and crematoria, wellness, salons, repair or other services to individuals.", "aliases": [ "funeral home", "childcare" ], "excludes": [ "dating apps -> CM.OL.OLP.OLP" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "HC", "name": "Healthcare", "desc": "Medicines, medical technology and the delivery of care.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.PH", "name": "Medicines & Life Sciences", "desc": "Developing and making medicines, and the tools and services for it.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.PH.PHA", "name": "Pharmaceuticals", "desc": "Selling approved medicines at scale.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.PH.PHA.RXB", "id": "RXB", "name": "Branded Prescription Drugs", "desc": "Discovers, develops and markets branded prescription medicines or vaccines with approved products in at least three therapeutic areas, for humans or animals; a company moves between this class and Commercial Biotech only after two consecutive annual reports on the other side.", "aliases": [ "big pharma", "innovative pharmaceuticals", "animal health" ], "excludes": [ "no approved product -> HC.PH.BIO.CLB", "approved products in one or two therapeutic areas, research-led -> HC.PH.BIO.CMB" ] }, { "code": "HC.PH.PHA.GNX", "id": "GNX", "name": "Generics & Consumer Health", "desc": "Makes generic or biosimilar medicines, over-the-counter and consumer-health products (including vitamins, dietary supplements and medical nutrition), active ingredients, or specialty and compounded drugs, for humans or animals.", "aliases": [ "generics", "OTC", "API manufacturer", "biosimilars" ], "excludes": [ "makes ingredients or drugs under contract for other drug companies -> HC.PH.LSC.CRO" ] } ] }, { "code": "HC.PH.BIO", "name": "Biotechnology", "desc": "Biology-based drug developers.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.PH.BIO.CLB", "id": "CLB", "name": "Clinical-Stage Biotech", "desc": "Develops drugs, biologics or cell and gene therapies with no approved product on the market (no revenue, or milestones only); such a developer is here, not in contract research.", "aliases": [ "preclinical", "drug developer" ], "excludes": [ "approved products generate most revenue -> HC.PH.BIO.CMB" ] }, { "code": "HC.PH.BIO.CMB", "id": "CMB", "name": "Commercial Biotech", "desc": "Research-led company whose approved medicines, which it discovered, are in one or two therapeutic areas; it moves to Branded Prescription Drugs only after two consecutive annual reports with approved products in three or more.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "approved products in three or more therapeutic areas -> HC.PH.PHA.RXB" ] } ] }, { "code": "HC.PH.LSC", "name": "Lab & Bioprocess Suppliers", "desc": "Suppliers to drug developers and research labs.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.PH.LSC.TOL", "id": "TOL", "name": "Research Tools", "desc": "Makes lab instruments, reagents, consumables or bioprocessing equipment for research and drug manufacturing.", "aliases": [ "life sciences tools", "reagents" ], "excludes": [ "industrial test and measurement instruments -> TC.HW.ELC.EIN" ] }, { "code": "HC.PH.LSC.CRO", "id": "CRO", "name": "Contract Research & Manufacturing", "desc": "Runs clinical trials or preclinical research, or makes drugs, for other drug companies.", "aliases": [ "CRO", "CDMO", "CMO" ], "excludes": [ "develops its own drug candidates -> HC.PH.BIO.CLB" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "HC.MT", "name": "Medical Technology", "desc": "Medical products other than drugs.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.MT.MDV", "name": "Medical Technology", "desc": "Medical products other than drugs.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.MT.MDV.MEQ", "id": "MEQ", "name": "Medical Equipment", "desc": "Makes implants, surgical, imaging, monitoring or electromedical equipment.", "aliases": [ "medtech", "implants", "imaging" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "HC.MT.MDV.MSD", "id": "MSD", "name": "Medical Supplies", "desc": "Makes medical disposables and consumables, dental products or orthopedic supplies.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "HC.MT.MDV.DIA", "id": "DIA", "name": "Diagnostics", "desc": "Makes in-vitro diagnostic tests and systems or diagnostic imaging agents, including diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals.", "aliases": [ "IVD" ], "excludes": [ "runs diagnostic laboratories -> HC.CR.HSV.CLS", "therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals -> HC.PH.PHA.RXB | HC.PH.BIO.CMB | HC.PH.BIO.CLB" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "HC.CR", "name": "Health Services", "desc": "Delivering, organizing and supplying care.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.CR.HSV", "name": "Health Services", "desc": "Delivering, organizing and supplying care.", "children": [ { "code": "HC.CR.HSV.FAC", "id": "FAC", "name": "Hospitals & Care Homes", "desc": "Runs hospitals, clinics with beds, rehabilitation centers, nursing or elderly-care homes.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "owns care properties leased to operators -> RE.PO.SPC.HLT" ] }, { "code": "HC.CR.HSV.CLS", "id": "CLS", "name": "Care Services", "desc": "Runs medical practices, diagnostic laboratories, home care, dental or veterinary chains, in person or remotely, with care delivered or supervised by licensed clinicians.", "aliases": [ "diagnostic lab", "home care", "vet clinic" ], "excludes": [ "health insurance and managed care -> FI.IS.INS.HMC", "wellness services not supervised by clinicians -> CL.SV.PSV.PSC" ] }, { "code": "HC.CR.HSV.HDS", "id": "HDS", "name": "Medical Supply Chain", "desc": "Distributes drugs and medical products wholesale, or manages pharmacy benefits.", "aliases": [ "pharmaceutical wholesaler", "pharmacy benefit manager", "PBM" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "HC.CR.HSV.TEC", "id": "TEC", "name": "Health Software & Data", "desc": "Sells software, data and analytics built for healthcare providers, payers or life-sciences companies; the one home for software built for healthcare.", "aliases": [ "health IT", "EHR", "health data" ], "excludes": [ "software for other industries -> TC.SW.APP.ISS", "delivers care remotely (telehealth, virtual clinics, AI-led care) -> HC.CR.HSV.CLS", "runs billing, coding or revenue-cycle processes for providers -> IN.BS.OPS.BPO" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "FI", "name": "Financials", "desc": "Banking, lending, insurance, capital markets, payments and digital money, and native crypto-asset businesses.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.BK", "name": "Banking & Lending", "desc": "Deposit-taking and lending.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.BK.BNK", "name": "Banks", "desc": "Deposit-taking institutions.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.BK.BNK.UNV", "id": "UNV", "name": "Universal & Commercial Banks", "desc": "Bank whose deposit-taking and lending span a whole country or several countries, with or without investment banking; its fee, trading and advisory lines are part of banking.", "aliases": [ "universal bank", "national bank", "money-center bank" ], "excludes": [ "a bank with most of its branches or loans in one state, province or prefecture -> FI.BK.BNK.REG", "custody-led: most revenue from asset-servicing fees -> FI.MK.AMG.AMG" ] }, { "code": "FI.BK.BNK.REG", "id": "REG", "name": "Regional & Community Banks", "desc": "Bank that takes deposits and lends mainly in one region or community: most of its branches or loans in one state, province or prefecture of its home country, or a regional banking license.", "aliases": [ "community bank", "regional bank", "prefectural bank" ], "excludes": [ "deposit-taking and lending across a whole country or several countries -> FI.BK.BNK.UNV" ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.BK.NBL", "name": "Non-Bank Lenders", "desc": "Lenders without a banking license.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.BK.NBL.CSL", "id": "CSL", "name": "Consumer & SME Lending", "desc": "Makes consumer loans, credit cards, buy-now-pay-later, microfinance, pawn or SME loans, or buys and collects debt.", "aliases": [ "BNPL", "credit card issuer", "debt collection", "microfinance" ], "excludes": [ "takes deposits under a banking license -> FI.BK.BNK.UNV | FI.BK.BNK.REG" ] }, { "code": "FI.BK.NBL.MTG", "id": "MTG", "name": "Mortgage Finance", "desc": "Originates or services mortgages, including mortgage REITs.", "aliases": [ "mortgage REIT", "mortgage servicer" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "FI.BK.NBL.LEA", "id": "LEA", "name": "Commercial Finance", "desc": "Provides finance leases, factoring, trade finance, guarantees or other commercial finance.", "aliases": [ "factoring", "trade finance" ], "excludes": [ "operating leases of aircraft, ships, containers, railcars or vehicle fleets -> IN.TP.LSR.LSR", "short-term equipment rental -> IN.BS.OPS.SUP" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.IS", "name": "Insurance", "desc": "Risk carriers and brokers.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.IS.INS", "name": "Insurance", "desc": "Risk carriers and brokers.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.IS.INS.LIF", "id": "LIF", "name": "Life Insurance", "desc": "Sells life, annuity or pension insurance.", "aliases": [ "life insurer", "takaful", "annuities" ], "excludes": [ "most premiums are property, casualty or specialty lines -> FI.IS.INS.NLF", "health insurance and managed care -> FI.IS.INS.HMC" ] }, { "code": "FI.IS.INS.HMC", "id": "HMC", "name": "Health Insurance & Managed Care", "desc": "Insures medical costs or runs managed-care plans for members, employers or governments, earning from premiums against medical costs.", "aliases": [ "managed care", "health plan", "HMO", "Medicare Advantage" ], "excludes": [ "pharmacy benefit management -> HC.CR.HSV.HDS", "runs the clinics and hospitals itself as its main business -> HC.CR.HSV.CLS | HC.CR.HSV.FAC" ] }, { "code": "FI.IS.INS.NLF", "id": "NLF", "name": "Non-Life Insurance", "desc": "Sells motor, property, liability or specialty insurance; most premiums are property, casualty or specialty lines.", "aliases": [ "property and casualty", "P&C", "general insurance" ], "excludes": [ "most premiums are life, annuity or pension -> FI.IS.INS.LIF", "most premiums are health insurance or managed care -> FI.IS.INS.HMC", "guarantee fees without an insurance license (rent, trade-credit or credit-enhancement guarantors) -> FI.BK.NBL.LEA" ] }, { "code": "FI.IS.INS.REI", "id": "REI", "name": "Reinsurance", "desc": "Reinsures other insurers.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "FI.IS.INS.BRK", "id": "BRK", "name": "Insurance Brokers & Services", "desc": "Brokers or sells insurance for others, or provides claims and other insurance services.", "aliases": [ "insurance agent", "claims administrator" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.MK", "name": "Capital Markets", "desc": "Managing money and running markets.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.MK.AMG", "name": "Asset & Wealth Management", "desc": "Managing other people's money for fees.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.MK.AMG.AMG", "id": "AMG", "name": "Asset & Wealth Management", "desc": "Manages funds or wealth for fees, including alternative-asset managers and custody-led banks.", "aliases": [ "fund manager", "private equity firm", "custody bank", "robo-advisor" ], "excludes": [ "earns mostly trading, underwriting or brokerage revenue -> FI.MK.BKR.BKR", "invests its own capital, most value in stakes it does not consolidate -> entity_type:HOLDING" ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.MK.BKR", "name": "Brokers & Investment Banks", "desc": "Advisory, underwriting and trading.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.MK.BKR.BKR", "id": "BKR", "name": "Brokers & Investment Banks", "desc": "Runs an investment bank, securities brokerage, market making or online brokerage.", "aliases": [ "online broker", "market maker" ], "excludes": [ "a bank's own advisory and trading lines -> FI.BK.BNK.UNV", "earns mostly management fees on client assets -> FI.MK.AMG.AMG" ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.MK.MKI", "name": "Market Infrastructure", "desc": "Market infrastructure and financial information.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.MK.MKI.EXC", "id": "EXC", "name": "Exchanges", "desc": "Runs stock, derivatives, commodity or carbon exchanges, clearing houses, depositories, share registries or transfer agents, on-chain or not.", "aliases": [ "stock exchange", "CCP", "carbon exchange", "transfer agent", "tokenized-securities venue" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "FI.MK.MKI.FDR", "id": "FDR", "name": "Financial Information", "desc": "Sells credit ratings, index licenses or financial data and analytics.", "aliases": [ "rating agency", "index provider", "market data" ], "excludes": [ "general news publishing -> CM.MC.MED.PBL" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.PD", "name": "Payments & Digital Assets", "desc": "Moving money and crypto-asset businesses.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.PD.PAY", "name": "Payments", "desc": "Moving money.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.PD.PAY.PAY", "id": "PAY", "name": "Payments", "desc": "Runs card networks, merchant acquiring, payment processing, payment wallets or money transfer, or issues e-money or stablecoins redeemable at par.", "aliases": [ "payment processor", "acquirer", "remittance", "e-money institution", "stablecoin issuer" ], "excludes": [ "neobank taking deposits -> FI.BK.BNK.UNV | FI.BK.BNK.REG", "buy-now-pay-later lending -> FI.BK.NBL.CSL", "software sold to financial firms -> TC.SW.APP.ISS" ] } ] }, { "code": "FI.PD.CRY", "name": "Crypto-Asset Businesses", "desc": "Mining, trading and holding crypto assets.", "children": [ { "code": "FI.PD.CRY.MIN", "id": "MIN", "name": "Crypto Mining & Validation", "desc": "Mines bitcoin or other proof-of-work assets, validates or stakes on proof-of-stake networks, or hosts mining capacity.", "aliases": [ "bitcoin miner", "staking provider", "validator" ], "excludes": [ "leases data-center capacity to AI or cloud tenants -> RE.PO.SPC.DCP", "sells GPU computing -> TC.IT.ITS.CLD" ] }, { "code": "FI.PD.CRY.CEX", "id": "CEX", "name": "Crypto-Asset Trading & Custody", "desc": "Runs an exchange, brokerage, decentralized exchange or custody service mainly for native crypto assets: bitcoin, ether and other tokens that are not claims on off-chain assets.", "aliases": [ "crypto exchange", "DEX", "crypto custodian" ], "excludes": [ "issues stablecoins -> FI.PD.PAY.PAY", "venues and brokers mainly for tokenized securities -> FI.MK.MKI.EXC | FI.MK.BKR.BKR", "crypto-collateralized or on-chain lending -> FI.BK.NBL.CSL | FI.BK.NBL.LEA", "management fees on crypto funds and ETPs -> FI.MK.AMG.AMG" ] }, { "code": "FI.PD.CRY.CTR", "id": "CTR", "name": "Crypto Treasury Companies", "desc": "Holds native crypto assets worth more than half of its total assets at each of its last two fiscal year-ends, and leaves only after two year-ends below half; stablecoins, tokenized claims on off-chain assets and tokens it issued itself do not count. This overrides its revenue.", "aliases": [ "bitcoin treasury" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "RE", "name": "Real Estate", "desc": "Owning, developing and servicing property.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.PO", "name": "Property Owners", "desc": "Own and lease out property, REIT or not, by the property type that produces most rent.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.PO.COM", "name": "Commercial Property", "desc": "Business-use property.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.PO.COM.OFF", "id": "OFF", "name": "Office Property", "desc": "Owns office buildings leased to tenants; most rent comes from offices.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "RE.PO.COM.RET", "id": "RET", "name": "Retail Property", "desc": "Owns shopping centers, retail parks or high-street retail; most rent comes from retail.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "RE.PO.COM.LGP", "id": "LGP", "name": "Logistics Property", "desc": "Owns warehouses, logistics parks or light-industrial property; most rent comes from them.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "runs the logistics operations -> IN.TP.LOG.FWD" ] } ] }, { "code": "RE.PO.RES", "name": "Residential Property", "desc": "Homes for rent.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.PO.RES.RES", "id": "RES", "name": "Residential Property", "desc": "Owns apartments, single-family rental homes or student housing; most rent comes from residential.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [] } ] }, { "code": "RE.PO.SPC", "name": "Specialized Property", "desc": "Other property types.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.PO.SPC.HLT", "id": "HLT", "name": "Healthcare Property", "desc": "Owns care homes, hospitals or medical offices leased to operators.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "operates the care -> HC.CR.HSV.FAC" ] }, { "code": "RE.PO.SPC.HTP", "id": "HTP", "name": "Hospitality Property", "desc": "Owns, but does not operate, hotels and leisure property.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "operates or franchises hotels -> CL.SV.HSP.HOT" ] }, { "code": "RE.PO.SPC.DCP", "id": "DCP", "name": "Data Center Property", "desc": "Owns data centers and rents out space and power (colocation, wholesale or hyperscale leasing), REIT or not.", "aliases": [ "colocation", "data center REIT", "hyperscale campus" ], "excludes": [ "sells computing capacity -> TC.IT.ITS.CLD" ] }, { "code": "RE.PO.SPC.TWR", "id": "TWR", "name": "Towers & Network Sites", "desc": "Owns telecom towers, rooftop sites or small-cell networks and leases space on them to operators, REIT or not.", "aliases": [ "tower company", "neutral host" ], "excludes": [ "operates a mobile network -> CM.TL.TEL.MOB" ] }, { "code": "RE.PO.SPC.OSP", "id": "OSP", "name": "Other Specialized Property", "desc": "Owns self-storage, land leases, parking or other specialized property not named elsewhere.", "aliases": [ "self storage", "ground leases" ], "excludes": [ "timberland -> MA.PK.FOR.WOD", "farmland -> CE.EG.FOD.AGR" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "RE.DS", "name": "Development & Property Services", "desc": "Building to sell, and serving property owners.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.DS.DEV", "name": "Property Development", "desc": "Developing property on own account.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.DS.DEV.RSD", "id": "RSD", "name": "Residential Development & Homebuilding", "desc": "Develops or builds houses, apartments or residential land and sells them to households or investors, including homebuilders and manufactured housing.", "aliases": [ "homebuilder", "housebuilder", "property developer", "real estate developer", "manufactured housing" ], "excludes": [ "builds for others under contract -> IN.EQ.BLD.ENG", "develops commercial property for sale -> RE.DS.DEV.CMD", "owns homes to rent them out -> RE.PO.RES.RES" ] }, { "code": "RE.DS.DEV.CMD", "id": "CMD", "name": "Commercial Development", "desc": "Develops commercial, industrial or mixed-use property, or commercial land, mainly for sale.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "owns mostly completed property earning rent -> (by activity)" ] } ] }, { "code": "RE.DS.SVC", "name": "Property Services", "desc": "Fee-based property services.", "children": [ { "code": "RE.DS.SVC.SVC", "id": "SVC", "name": "Property Services", "desc": "Provides property brokerage, management, valuation, listing portals or proptech for fees.", "aliases": [ "real estate broker", "property manager", "listing portal" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "TC", "name": "Technology", "desc": "Software, IT services, hardware and semiconductors.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.SW", "name": "Software", "desc": "Selling software.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.SW.APP", "name": "Applications", "desc": "Software used by business users.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.SW.APP.BUS", "id": "BUS", "name": "Business Software", "desc": "Sells ERP, CRM, HR, collaboration, marketing or other cross-industry business applications.", "aliases": [ "SaaS", "enterprise software" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "TC.SW.APP.ISS", "id": "ISS", "name": "Industry-Specific Software", "desc": "Sells software built for one industry, such as banking, construction, education, public sector or engineering design.", "aliases": [ "vertical software", "fintech software" ], "excludes": [ "software built for healthcare -> HC.CR.HSV.TEC", "ad- or subscription-funded consumer apps -> CM.OL.OLP.OLP" ] } ] }, { "code": "TC.SW.PLT", "name": "Infrastructure Software", "desc": "Software that other software runs on or is protected by.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.SW.PLT.DAP", "id": "DAP", "name": "Data & Developer Platforms", "desc": "Sells databases, data and machine-learning platforms, operating systems, developer tools, networking and IT-management software.", "aliases": [ "database", "devops", "data platform" ], "excludes": [ "develops general-purpose AI models -> TC.SW.PLT.MDL" ] }, { "code": "TC.SW.PLT.MDL", "id": "MDL", "name": "AI Models & Assistants", "desc": "Develops general-purpose AI models (language, vision, audio, video, multimodal or robot control) and sells access to them, to businesses or consumers, through APIs, licenses, enterprise agreements or its own general-purpose assistants, whatever the mix among these.", "aliases": [ "frontier lab", "foundation model", "LLM developer", "AI assistant", "model API" ], "excludes": [ "applications built on others' models -> TC.SW.APP.BUS | TC.SW.APP.ISS", "sells GPU capacity or serves others' models -> TC.IT.ITS.CLD", "builds models but earns most revenue from other activities (cloud computing, online platforms, retail, devices) -> (by activity)", "discovers drugs with AI for its own pipeline -> HC.PH.BIO.CLB" ] }, { "code": "TC.SW.PLT.SEC", "id": "SEC", "name": "Cybersecurity", "desc": "Sells security software or managed security services.", "aliases": [ "cyber security", "MSSP" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] }, { "code": "TC.IT", "name": "IT Services", "desc": "Technology services.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.IT.ITS", "name": "IT Services", "desc": "Technology services.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.IT.ITS.ITC", "id": "ITC", "name": "IT Consulting & Services", "desc": "Provides systems integration, IT consulting, and application and infrastructure management (IT outsourcing); client industries are not its activity.", "aliases": [ "systems integrator", "IT outsourcing", "managed IT services" ], "excludes": [ "management consulting -> IN.BS.APS.CNS", "business-process outsourcing -> IN.BS.OPS.BPO" ] }, { "code": "TC.IT.ITS.CLD", "id": "CLD", "name": "Cloud Services", "desc": "Sells computing capacity: cloud infrastructure, hosting and data-processing services.", "aliases": [ "IaaS", "hosting" ], "excludes": [ "rents data-center space and power -> RE.PO.SPC.DCP" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "TC.HW", "name": "Hardware & Electronics", "desc": "Physical technology products.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.HW.DVC", "name": "Devices", "desc": "Complete technology devices.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.HW.DVC.PCS", "id": "PCS", "name": "Computers", "desc": "Makes PCs, servers, storage, printers, peripherals or quantum computers.", "aliases": [ "quantum computing", "servers", "printers" ], "excludes": [ "computers or servers built for other brands (ODM) -> TC.HW.ELC.CMF" ] }, { "code": "TC.HW.DVC.NTE", "id": "NTE", "name": "Network Equipment", "desc": "Makes networking, telecom and wireless infrastructure equipment, or licenses communications patents.", "aliases": [ "networking", "5G equipment", "patent licensing" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "TC.HW.DVC.CDV", "id": "CDV", "name": "Consumer Devices", "desc": "Makes phones, TVs, audio, wearables or other consumer electronic devices.", "aliases": [ "smartphones", "wearables" ], "excludes": [ "game consoles whose economics are the games -> CM.MC.ENT.VGM" ] } ] }, { "code": "TC.HW.ELC", "name": "Electronic Parts & Instruments", "desc": "Parts, instruments, contract manufacturing and technology distribution.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.HW.ELC.ECP", "id": "ECP", "name": "Components & Circuit Boards", "desc": "Makes passive components, connectors, printed circuit boards, displays, sensors or optical components.", "aliases": [ "PCB", "connectors", "displays" ], "excludes": [ "chips -> TC.SC.SEM.CHP" ] }, { "code": "TC.HW.ELC.EIN", "id": "EIN", "name": "Electronic Instruments", "desc": "Makes test and measurement, scientific and industrial measuring instruments, or navigation equipment.", "aliases": [ "test and measurement", "oscilloscopes", "analyzers" ], "excludes": [ "instruments sold mainly to life-science and pharma labs -> HC.PH.LSC.TOL", "automation systems, robots and drives -> IN.EQ.MCH.RBT", "chip test equipment -> TC.SC.SEM.SME" ] }, { "code": "TC.HW.ELC.CMF", "id": "CMF", "name": "Contract Electronics Manufacturing", "desc": "Manufactures electronics for other brands, including original design manufacturers (ODMs) that design and build notebooks, servers or phones sold under their customers' brands; its customers' product categories are not its activity.", "aliases": [ "EMS", "ODM", "contract manufacturer" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "TC.HW.ELC.TDS", "id": "TDS", "name": "Electronics Distribution", "desc": "Distributes electronic components, computers, software and IT products bought from others.", "aliases": [ "IT distributor", "value-added reseller" ], "excludes": [ "industrial goods -> IN.EQ.DST.IDS" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "TC.SC", "name": "Semiconductors", "desc": "Chips and the tools to make them.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.SC.SEM", "name": "Semiconductors", "desc": "Chips and the tools to make them.", "children": [ { "code": "TC.SC.SEM.CHP", "id": "CHP", "name": "Chip Design & Integrated Chipmakers", "desc": "Designs and sells processors, accelerators, logic, analog, power and other non-memory chips, fabless or with its own fabs.", "aliases": [ "fabless", "GPU", "AI accelerator", "IDM" ], "excludes": [ "makes chips designed by others -> TC.SC.SEM.FAB", "memory chips -> TC.SC.SEM.MEM" ] }, { "code": "TC.SC.SEM.FAB", "id": "FAB", "name": "Foundry & Packaging Services", "desc": "Manufactures chips designed by others, or assembles, packages and tests them, including advanced packaging.", "aliases": [ "foundry", "OSAT", "advanced packaging" ], "excludes": [ "a chipmaker selling mostly its own designs -> TC.SC.SEM.CHP" ] }, { "code": "TC.SC.SEM.MEM", "id": "MEM", "name": "Memory Chips", "desc": "Designs and makes DRAM, high-bandwidth memory, NAND flash and other memory chips.", "aliases": [ "DRAM", "HBM", "NAND" ], "excludes": [ "storage drives and systems -> TC.HW.DVC.PCS" ] }, { "code": "TC.SC.SEM.SME", "id": "SME", "name": "Chipmaking Equipment & Materials", "desc": "Makes wafer-fab equipment, chip test and assembly equipment, wafers, photomasks or semiconductor materials.", "aliases": [ "wafer fab equipment", "lithography", "semiconductor test equipment", "ATE" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CM", "name": "Communications & Media", "desc": "Telecom networks, media, entertainment and online platforms.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.TL", "name": "Telecommunications", "desc": "Operators of communications networks.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.TL.TEL", "name": "Telecommunications", "desc": "Operators of communications networks.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.TL.TEL.FXB", "id": "FXB", "name": "Fixed & Integrated Telecom", "desc": "Runs fixed-line, broadband, fiber or cable networks, including pay-TV distributors and integrated groups whose fixed business earns most revenue.", "aliases": [ "cable operator", "broadband", "incumbent telco" ], "excludes": [ "owns TV channels or content -> CM.MC.MED.BCT", "mobile earns most revenue -> CM.TL.TEL.MOB" ] }, { "code": "CM.TL.TEL.MOB", "id": "MOB", "name": "Mobile Operators", "desc": "Runs a mobile network or sells mobile service as an MVNO.", "aliases": [ "wireless", "MVNO" ], "excludes": [ "fixed and broadband earn most revenue -> CM.TL.TEL.FXB" ] }, { "code": "CM.TL.TEL.SAT", "id": "SAT", "name": "Satellite Services", "desc": "Sells satellite communications, earth observation or other space-based data services.", "aliases": [ "earth observation", "GNSS services" ], "excludes": [ "builds satellites or launch vehicles -> IN.EQ.AER.SPA" ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CM.MC", "name": "Content & Advertising", "desc": "Creating and distributing content, and selling advertising.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.MC.MED", "name": "Media & Advertising", "desc": "Creating and distributing content, and selling advertising.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.MC.MED.BCT", "id": "BCT", "name": "Broadcasting", "desc": "Owns TV or radio broadcasters or TV channels.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "distributes pay TV over its own network -> CM.TL.TEL.FXB" ] }, { "code": "CM.MC.MED.PBL", "id": "PBL", "name": "Publishing", "desc": "Publishes newspapers, magazines, books or other information.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "financial data and ratings -> FI.MK.MKI.FDR" ] }, { "code": "CM.MC.MED.ADV", "id": "ADV", "name": "Marketing Services", "desc": "Runs advertising agencies, media buying, outdoor advertising, marketing or PR services.", "aliases": [ "ad agency", "outdoor advertising" ], "excludes": [] } ] }, { "code": "CM.MC.ENT", "name": "Entertainment & Sport", "desc": "Films, music, sport, games and events.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.MC.ENT.FLM", "id": "FLM", "name": "Film, TV & Music", "desc": "Runs studios, production companies, music labels, streaming services, music catalogs or live events and ticketing.", "aliases": [ "studio", "streaming", "record label", "concerts" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CM.MC.ENT.SPT", "id": "SPT", "name": "Sports Clubs & Leagues", "desc": "Owns sports clubs or teams, or runs leagues and competitions.", "aliases": [ "football club", "soccer club", "sports team" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "CM.MC.ENT.VGM", "id": "VGM", "name": "Video Games", "desc": "Develops or publishes video games, runs esports, or makes consoles whose economics are the games.", "aliases": [ "games publisher", "esports" ], "excludes": [] } ] } ] }, { "code": "CM.OL", "name": "Online Platforms", "desc": "Consumer internet services.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.OL.OLP", "name": "Online Platforms", "desc": "Consumer internet services.", "children": [ { "code": "CM.OL.OLP.OLP", "id": "OLP", "name": "Online Platforms", "desc": "Runs consumer internet services, such as search, social networks, messaging, classifieds and portals, dating, companions and other consumer apps, whatever mix of advertising, subscriptions or fees pays for them.", "aliases": [ "social network", "search engine", "classifieds" ], "excludes": [ "runs a marketplace for goods -> CL.RT.MKP.MKP", "software sold to businesses -> TC.SW.APP.BUS", "property listing portals -> RE.DS.SVC.SVC", "general-purpose AI assistants of a model developer -> TC.SW.PLT.MDL", "online courses and learning apps -> CL.SV.PSV.EDU" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "code": "UT", "name": "Utilities", "desc": "Generating and distributing electricity, gas, heat and water.", "children": [ { "code": "UT.UT", "name": "Utilities", "desc": "Generating and distributing electricity, gas, heat and water.", "children": [ { "code": "UT.UT.ELY", "name": "Electricity", "desc": "Electricity networks, supply and generation.", "children": [ { "code": "UT.UT.ELY.PGS", "id": "PGS", "name": "Power Grids & Supply", "desc": "Runs regulated or integrated electricity utilities (networks with or without generation), transmission or distribution grids, electricity retail or EV-charging networks.", "aliases": [ "electric utility", "grid operator", "energy retailer", "charge point operator" ], "excludes": [ "sells mostly power from its own renewable plants, without networks -> UT.UT.ELY.REN", "sells mostly power from its own fossil plants, without networks -> UT.UT.ELY.FNP", "sells mostly power from its own nuclear plants, without networks -> UT.UT.ELY.NUC" ] }, { "code": "UT.UT.ELY.REN", "id": "REN", "name": "Renewable Power Generation", "desc": "Owns and operates wind, solar, hydro or other renewable generation and sells the power.", "aliases": [ "renewable IPP", "yieldco" ], "excludes": [ "makes the equipment -> IN.EQ.ELE.CLN" ] }, { "code": "UT.UT.ELY.FNP", "id": "FNP", "name": "Fossil Power Generation & Energy Trading", "desc": "Owns and operates gas-, coal- or oil-fired or waste-to-energy plants and sells the power, including combined heat and power plants that earn most from power, or trades power and gas.", "aliases": [ "independent power producer", "energy trader", "waste-to-energy" ], "excludes": [ "nuclear plants -> UT.UT.ELY.NUC" ] }, { "code": "UT.UT.ELY.NUC", "id": "NUC", "name": "Nuclear Power Generation", "desc": "Owns and operates nuclear fission or fusion plants, including small modular and micro reactors, and sells the power or heat, including developers building plants they will own and operate.", "aliases": [ "nuclear operator", "SMR operator", "fusion power" ], "excludes": [ "sells reactors, modules or plants to others -> IN.EQ.ELE.PWR", "mines or enriches nuclear fuel -> EN.OG.FUE.URA" ] } ] }, { "code": "UT.UT.GAS", "name": "Gas & Multi-Service Utilities", "desc": "Gas and heat networks and combined utilities.", "children": [ { "code": "UT.UT.GAS.GHN", "id": "GHN", "name": "Gas & Heat Networks", "desc": "Distributes and sells gas to end users, or runs district heating and cooling networks, including heat from its own combined heat and power plants where heat earns most.", "aliases": [ "gas utility", "district heating" ], "excludes": [] }, { "code": "UT.UT.GAS.MSU", "id": "MSU", "name": "Multi-Service Utilities", "desc": "Runs several of electricity, gas, water, heat and waste utility services with none dominant.", "aliases": [ "multi-utility" ], "excludes": [] } ] }, { "code": "UT.UT.WAT", "name": "Water Services", "desc": "Water and wastewater.", "children": [ { "code": "UT.UT.WAT.WAT", "id": "WAT", "name": "Water Services", "desc": "Supplies water or treats wastewater.", "aliases": [], "excludes": [ "makes water-treatment equipment -> IN.EQ.MCH.IMC" ] } ] } ] } ] } ], "moved": [], "retired": [], "changed_definitions": [] }