Sea Ltd — Call Transcript 2025

Good morning and good evening to all, and welcome to the Sea Limited Second Quarter 2025 Results Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. If you'd like to ask a question during this time, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, press star one again. For operator assistance throughout the call, please press star zero. Finally, I would like to advise all participants that this call is being recorded. Thank you. I'd now like to welcome Mr. Casey Ong to begin the conference. Please go ahead Hello everyone, and welcome to Sea Limited's 2025 second quarter earnings conference call. I am Casey from Sea Limited's investor relations team. On this call, we may make forward-looking statements, which are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and may not be realized in the future for various reasons, as stated in our press release. Also, this call includes the discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as adjusted EBITDA. We believe these measures can enhance our investors' understanding of the actual cash flows of our major businesses when used as a complement to our GAAP disclosures. For a discussion of the use of non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliation with the closest GAAP measures, please refer to the section on non-GAAP financial measures in our press release. I have with me Sea Limited's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Forrest Li, President Chris Feng, and Chief Financial Officer, Tony Hou. Our management will share strategy and business updates, operating highlights, and financial performance for the second quarter of 2025. This will be followed by a Q&A session in which we welcome any questions you have. With that, let me turn the call over to Forrest. Hello everyone, and thank you for joining today's call. The momentum from our strong start to 2025 has continued into the second quarter. All three of our businesses have delivered robust, healthy growth, giving us greater confidence of delivering another great year. Shopee's GMV grew 25% year-on-year in the first half, and we expect this growth momentum to carry into Q3. SeaMoney's loan book continues to expand rapidly while maintaining a healthy NPL ratio. For Garena, we now expect full-year bookings to grow more than 30% year-on-year. Given the high potential of our market and the stage of our business now, we will continue to prioritize growth. We still see huge opportunities in our market to serve many more users and better many more lives with technology. Expanding both our addressable market and capturing more market share will pave the way for us to maximize our long-term profitability. At the same time, our company has reached a stage where we can pursue growth opportunities while improving profitability. By being disciplined and cost-efficient, we have turned all three businesses EBITDA positive since the second half of last year, and we are accumulating cash each quarter as we scale. We remain committed to growing profitably with a strong balance sheet that enables us to capture future opportunities. With that, let me take you through each business's performance. Starting with e-commerce, Shopee has shown stellar growth performance throughout the first half of this year. After a record-high Q1, we have delivered another record-breaking Q2 with quarter-on-quarter growth in gross order volume, GMV, and revenue. This was driven by a sustained increase in our active buyers and their purchase frequency, reinforcing our leadership across all our markets. We also delivered year-on-year profitability improvements across Asia and Brazil, enabled by our expanding scale and improving cost efficiency. Our monetization improved in the second quarter, largely driven by strong growth in advertising revenue. We have deliberately worked to both drive seller adoption and encourage existing ad-paying sellers to use our latest ad tech solutions. Since early last year, our dedicated ad tech team has worked hard to improve algorithms, enhance traffic allocation efficiency, and deploy AI technologies to better serve our ad-paying sellers. We have seen very encouraging results. During the second quarter, the number of sellers using our ad products rose by around 20%, and ad-paying sellers' average quarterly ad spend grew by more than 40% year-on-year. Our tech enhancements have allowed us to more effectively optimize Shopee's GMV and advertising revenue at the same time. We saw an 8% uplift in Shopee's purchase conversion rates and improved our ad tech rate by almost 70 basis points this quarter, year-on-year. Our operational priorities have proven to be a winning formula, and they remain consistent, enhancing price competitiveness, improving service quality, and strengthening our content ecosystem. In the second quarter, we reinforced our price competitive value proposition with the launch of the campaign slogan, "Cheaper, Faster at Shopee." It resonated well with buyers. We saw a more than 10% year-on-year uplift in overall purchase frequency during the quarter, and buyers continued to rank us as the most price-competitive e-commerce platform in Qualtrics surveyed across Asia and Brazil. On service quality, our logistics capabilities continue to be an important differentiator for us. In the second quarter, we reduced the logistics cost per order and improved delivery speed across Asia and Brazil year-on-year in both urban and rural areas. We continue to roll out new initiatives to address specific customer needs, such as instant delivery options in dense urban areas. This lets some buyers receive their order within as little as four hours of order placement, our fastest shipping channel yet. We piloted it in Indonesia, and it proved so successful that we have now rolled it out to Vietnam and Thailand as well. Another example is intelligent demand forecasting, where we pre-ship commonly ordered products to warehouses closer to where we know buyer demand will likely come from, reducing buyer waiting time when actual orders are placed. Our logistics innovations not only delight our customers by improving the service quality they receive, but they also make us more cost-efficient, letting us pass savings on to buyers. We have also been doing more to enhance buyer loyalty and stickiness. Our Shopee VIP membership program, a paid subscription service giving buyers exclusive benefits, has shown very good momentum in Indonesia. Total GMV from VIP members there grew nearly 50% quarter on quarter, and VIP members bought a monthly average of around 30% more after subscribing. VIP members have also shown a roughly 20% higher retention rate compared to non-members. Building on this success, we have expanded the program to Thailand and Vietnam. At the end of June, total VIP subscribers in these markets reached 2 million. We plan to roll out the program to more markets over the rest of the year. Our content ecosystem continues to be a powerful engine of buyer engagement and conversion. Our AI tools empower Shopee sellers to produce high-quality video content, helping them improve user conversion and make more money without having to invest in their own studio setup. In Southeast Asia, orders from live streaming and short-form videos accounted for more than 20% of our total physical goods order volume in the second quarter. Our collaboration with YouTube has also continued its strong momentum. As of June, more than 7 million YouTube videos featured Shopee product links across our Southeast Asian markets, an increase of more than 50% quarter-on-quarter. Moving to Brazil, Shopee has continued to deliver exceptional growth while maintaining its positive adjusted EBITDA. Average monthly active buyers rose by over 30% year-on-year in the second quarter, much faster than the industry average growth rate. Our strong growth in Brazil is built on solid fundamentals, especially logistics improvements and product category expansion. We have brought logistics cost per order down by 16% while also reducing our average delivery time by more than two days, year-on-year. In the Greater São Paulo region, about one in four Shopee parcels were delivered the next day, and 40% within two days, up from single-digit percentages in the same period last year. We added over 100 well-known brands to our platform, especially in higher-value product categories. This contributed to steady and healthy increases in buyers' average basket sizes in the second quarter. This combination of improving delivery service while expanding our product selection has allowed us to both serve our existing users more effectively and expand into more user segments, such as urban and more affluent buyers. We will continue to push on this front and keep our strong momentum going in Brazil. This quarter, we celebrated Shopee's five-year anniversary in Brazil, and I'm very proud of what our team has achieved in this relatively short time. We have become the market leader by order volume, we continue to grow fast, and we are operating profitably. I'm especially happy with the role we have played in promoting digital entrepreneurship to over 8 million Brazilians. 30% of our active sellers cite Shopee as their first experience selling online, and more than half of our active sellers say they rely on Shopee as their primary source of income. In summary, Shopee has delivered an exceptional performance in the first half of the year, with 25% GMV growth year-on-year, and we are confident that this growth momentum will carry into Q3. We remain committed to delivering strong, profitable growth while reinforcing our market leadership across Asia and Brazil. Next, moving to digital financial services. SeaMoney had another very strong quarter. Both revenue and adjusted EBITDA continued to grow more than 50% year-on-year, and our loan portfolio remained healthy thanks to our prudent risk management. In the second quarter, our loan book grew over 90% year-on-year to reach $6.9 billion, driven by both our expanding user base and our wider range of products addressing more user needs. We added over 4 million first-time borrowers during the quarter, and our newer cohorts are scaling well with positive unit economics. At the end of the quarter, active users for our consumer and SME loan products exceeded 30 million for the first time, representing more than 45% year-on-year growth. Our loan portfolio remained healthy, with the 90-day NPL ratio staying stable at 1.0%. We have delivered this strong and healthy growth across multiple markets, reducing our reliance on any single market and improving our ability to weather local economic cycles. I'm happy to report that Malaysia's loan book surpassed $1 billion at the end of June. It is our third market to reach this significant milestone after Indonesia and Thailand. Brazil also delivered robust growth in the second quarter, driven by strong adoption of SPayLater and personal cash loan products. We have achieved such high growth while managing risk very well, thanks to three unique advantages that SeaMoney has. First, deep and seamless integration with our Shopee ecosystem. Second, a very large base of users who are growing their credit track records with us over the years. Third, our increasing use of AI to improve our credit models. Together, these advantages uniquely enhance our underwriting capabilities in each market, enabling us to very effectively push for growth across our three credit product lines: on Shopee SPayLater, off Shopee SPayLater, and cash loan products. On Shopee SPayLater continues to deliver solid growth across our market, with GMV penetration now in the mid-teens on a market-blended basis. We promoted SPayLater's one-month interest-free option at Shopee checkout, mimicking the benefits of credit card usage. We used tier-based pricing to offer lower interest rates to prime user segments who have access to more credit options and are more price-sensitive. We also introduced a feature that allows users to request a higher credit limit by voluntarily submitting proof of income. Such initiatives contributed to our record-high monthly numbers for first-time SPayLater borrowers in June. In addition, these measures have enabled us to capture more prime users with stronger repayment capacity and higher lifetime value. We see further runway to scale this product by deepening its penetration on Shopee in all our markets. Off Shopee SPayLater is also growing healthily. In Malaysia, we recognize the significant user demand for greater payment flexibility, so we integrated SPayLater with Malaysia's national QR network, DuitNow, enabling seamless and flexible offline usage on many everyday purchases. Our off Shopee SPayLater portfolio grew over 40% quarter on quarter and accounted for more than 20% of our SPayLater portfolio in Malaysia at the end of June. Building on this success, we have just launched a similar user experience with Thailand's national PromptPay QR network as well. We have also gained good traction with personal cash loans, addressing the strong demand we have seen in our market for credit access in people's daily lives. We have scaled this product category both quickly and profitably by cross-selling personal cash loans to SPayLater users with good repayment trends. As a result, personal cash loans outstanding has almost doubled year-on-year as of the end of June, and a lot of headroom remains for this product in our market. In summary, SeaMoney has delivered excellent growth throughout the first half of the year, diversified its loan portfolio across markets and products, and maintained high asset quality through prudent risk management. It is exciting that our credit business is still in the early stages in many of our markets, reinforcing our strong conviction in SeaMoney's long-term growth and earnings potential. Finally, moving to digital entertainment. After a flying start to the year, Garena continued its strong growth momentum into the second quarter. Bookings were up 23%, and adjusted EBITDA was up 22% year-on-year. Multiple key titles delivered double-digit growth in the second quarter, including Free Fire, Arena of Valor, EA Sports FC Online, and Call of Duty Mobile. Free Fire continues to be at the core of Garena's strong performance, sustaining its massive global user base of more than 100 million average daily active users. Free Fire continues to grow well even after eight years, bringing joy to more users in more markets because we always put what gamers want at the heart of our work. A great example is the high-profile launch of our new map, Solara, in celebration of Free Fire's eighth anniversary during the second quarter. Solara blends enjoyable nostalgia with exciting innovation. Our veteran gamers were thrilled by the return of an iconic train from Free Fire's earliest maps that used to be a central part of their game experience. Gamers both old and new were very excited by the new full map's live thrill feature, allowing them to move rapidly across the entire terrain, completely changing their gameplay strategy and pushing them to come up with new techniques to win. Since its launch on May 16 at the Free Fire World Series, response from players has been exceptional. It has already become our best-performing new map. We also capitalized on excitement around this new map by introducing a new camera mode that lets players capture photos and videos of their gameplay more easily, boosting social sharing and engagement. Within a month of releasing this feature, average daily shares of in-game footage grew by nearly four times, dramatically expanding Free Fire's visibility. Building on this excitement, we extended our anniversary celebration into July with two high-impact IP collaborations: Netflix's "Great Game" and the Naruto Shippuden Chapter 2. Initial response from gamers has been extremely positive. In summary, Garena has delivered a very strong performance in the first half of this year. We believe Free Fire has established itself as an evergreen franchise, both sustaining its user engagement and growing its appeal in more markets globally. We are also committed to trying out new genres and new markets and testing the boundaries of future game experiences by embracing AI. Given all of this, we are raising our full-year guidance for Garena and expect bookings to grow more than 30% in 2025, year-on-year. In closing, we are very happy with the strong set of results we delivered both in Q2 and the first half of 2025 overall. All three of our businesses have extended their track record of excellent execution, robust growth, and improving profitability. This gives us greater confidence about the second half of the year, and we look forward to delivering a strong 2025 and beyond. Thank you, as always, for your support. With that, I invite Tony to discuss our financials. Thank you, Forrest, and thanks to everyone for joining the call. For Sea Limited overall, total GAAP revenue increased 38% year-on-year to $5.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025. This was primarily driven by GMV growth of our e-commerce business and the growth of our digital financial services business. Our total adjusted EBITDA was $829 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an adjusted EBITDA of $448 million in the second quarter of 2024. On e-commerce, Shopee's gross orders grew 29% year-on-year to $3.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025, and GMV increased by 28% year-on-year to $29.8 billion in the second quarter of 2025. Our second-quarter GAAP revenue of $3.8 billion included GAAP marketplace revenue of $3.3 billion, up 34% year-on-year, and GAAP product revenue of $0.5 billion. Within GAAP marketplace revenue, core marketplace revenue, mainly consisting of transaction-based fees and advertising revenues, was $2.6 billion, up 46% year-on-year. Value-added services revenue, mainly consisting of revenues related to logistics services, was $0.7 billion, up 3% year-on-year. E-commerce adjusted EBITDA was $228 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an adjusted EBITDA loss of $9 million in the second quarter of 2024. Digital financial services GAAP revenue was up by 70% year-on-year to $883 million. Adjusted EBITDA was up by 55% year-on-year to $255 million. As of the end of June, our consumer and SME loans' principal outstanding reached $6.9 billion, up over 90% year-on-year. This consists of $5.9 billion on-book and $0.9 billion off-book loans' principal outstanding. Non-performing loans past due by more than 90 days as a percentage of total consumer and SME loans was 1% at the end of the quarter. Digital entertainment bookings grew 23% year-on-year to $661 million. GAAP revenue was up 28% year-on-year to $559 million. The growth was primarily due to the increase in our active user base, as well as the deepened paying user penetration. Digital entertainment adjusted EBITDA was $368 million, up 22% year-on-year. Returning to our consolidated numbers, we recognized a net non-operating income of $83 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to a net non-operating income of $56 million in the second quarter of 2024. We had a net income tax expense of $144 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to a net income tax expense of $61 million in the second quarter of 2024. As a result, net income was $440 million in the second quarter of 2025, as compared to a net income of $80 million in the second quarter of 2024. Thank you, Forrest and Tony. We are now ready to open the call to questions. Operator? I'll now begin the question-and-answer session. If you'd like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, please press star one again. In the interest of time, we will take a maximum of two questions at a time from each caller. If you wish to ask more questions, please request to join the queue again after your first question has been addressed. At this time, we will pause for a brief moment to wait for the questions to come in. Your first question comes from the line of Pang Vitt of Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open. Hi, good evening, management, and congratulations for another solid quarter. Two questions from me, both on e-commerce. Number one, on the GMV performance. First half of the year has already been very impressive at 25% year-on-year, and you also expect momentum to carry into third quarter. With this, are you also looking to raise your full-year guidance that you gave in the beginning of the year on the back of this strong performance? That's question number one. Question number two, can you share with us on the latest competitive landscape? Have you observed any changes in momentum, in particular in Brazil? Have you seen any changes since your competitor reduced its free shipping threshold? Yeah, I think on the first question regarding the growth momentum, as we shared in the opening, we do see the Q3 momentum will continue. I think what we are saying is that in Q3, likely to be around a similar growth rate as we observed in the first half of the year as well. Obviously, if you take into consideration the four-year growth, it will be better than what we shared before. I think that's one. The second one, regarding the competitive environment for Brazil, as you shared, we do see certain actions from the competitors in the past few months. On our side, our Brazil business has been growing very well, even in the last months after the competitor did the adjustment. We didn't see any observed impact to our growth as far as we can see for now. I think the key thing, if you look at Brazil for us, is number one, to make sure that we operate in a best cost structure, especially on the logistics side. Even with the improved speed of delivery, as Forrest shared in the opening, that we are two days faster than last year, we still see the costs coming down, and our costs, we believe, are much lower than where our competitor is. Even compared with their slow shipping, our cost structure is still very competitive, and our speed is a lot faster than their slow shipping. We believe that we are in a pretty good position on that. I think that's number one. Number two is around the price competitiveness. I think this is publicly available. You can do your own benchmarks that our pricing is still very competitive in the market across all price categories, even with the adjustments from the other side. Number three is if you look at our brand seller side, we're expanding our seller base to a better, to a higher ticket items, especially in the past few quarters. We believe that trend will continue as well and will be not impacted much by the competitor movement. All in all, we believe that in Brazil, we are still well positioned. Our growth trend will continue, especially with our core segment group, given the strong focus that we have on the fundamental cost structure, our price competitiveness, and also the growth of our seller side. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Piyush Choudhary of HSBC. Your line is now open. Yeah, hi. Thanks for the call and congratulations for a great set of numbers. I have two questions, both on e-commerce, actually. Shopee VIP membership program in Indonesia has seen great progress. Could you share, like, what's the potential for the user base in mid-term as you are expanding across markets? How should we think about the cost implication of this program on logistics and other benefits which you offer? Also, if you can talk about your new initiative on instant delivery, which countries you're targeting and cost implication of this. Second question is on the Shopee EBITDA margin. With the push on VIP membership and instant delivery, should we expect margins to remain around similar levels in the second half? What's the outlook for 2026? Thank you. On the VIP program, we do see very good traction in Indonesia. As the first country we started, we see very good take-up from the VIP program, especially given that we are able to, over time, make sure the user can renew with a credit card or pay later product, which is the biggest problem for any of this program in this market before. We are still in the very early stage of rolling this out. As you can see, it's only a few months since we started this program, and the first two, three months was really a pilot process. I think it's too early to tell, but we see very good potential there to be a meaningful program in our market, comparable to the other programs you see in other e-commerce or retailers in the region or outside the region. As it's a new program, we do foresee some investment in the early time to grow the acceptance, especially getting users to sign up to it, especially renewing the program to get into the habit. We don't see this as a fundamental impact or too visible impact to our cost structure in the medium term or long term. For the instant delivery, instant delivery by itself is essentially to expand our product offerings to the user base, especially on the high-end user base. Actually, those users typically have better profitabilities compared to the low-end user base. We don't foresee any negative EBITDA impact from these services. Rather, on the other side, we do believe this will give us better profitability in our businesses as we grow it. Obviously, there's a delivery cost. For instance, of course, the actual cost is slightly higher, but typically for those segments, people have a better acceptance for how much they're willing to pay for these functional services. Regarding the EBITDA margin, there is a slight fluctuation in EBITDA margin, as you can see from Q4 last year to Q1 this year to Q2 this year. I think there is a lot of seasonality involved in this. Q1 is an exceptional quarter, which is the first year in our business history that Ramadan for Indonesia and Malaysia is especially forced into Q1, and the holiday forced into Q2. That has a big seasonal impact for the businesses impacting EBITDA meaningfully. Going forward, we do expect a long-term trend of EBITDA margin will continue to improve, although again, there might be seasonal fluctuation quarter to quarter, but the general trend will stay. Your next question comes from the line of Alicia Yap of Citigroup. Your line is now open. Thank you. Good evening, management. Thanks for taking my questions. Congrats on the solid results. I have a follow-up on the competitive landscape in Brazil. I understand we talk about the melee impact is limited, but how should we think about the newcomer, for example, the Temu and also TikTok Shop in Brazil, if you can comment on that? Just curious, what is the current percentage contribution from the higher ticket items currently in Brazil? The second question is on the gaming. Given the increased booking guidance for this year, just wondering, is it mainly because of the outperformance of the Free Fire, or you actually will expect a higher contribution from the new games? Thank you. I think for Brazil, cross-border for Brazil has been relatively a smaller percentage due to the tech structure. Temu has remained to be a relatively smaller player in the market so far. We'll observe how this evolves over time. For TikTok Shop, it just started. Again, the amount of orders, the size of orders is still relatively small in the market. We will continue to observe. We have been quite familiar with their businesses. Brazil is a quite different market compared to Asia. I think it's something we will observe, but structure-wise, we don't see any fundamental change to the market structure that will impact our view on the market or change our trajectory of the growth in the market so far. Just to reiterate, if you look at e-commerce businesses, the fundamental businesses we are focusing on is to make sure our cost is right, we can serve our customers well through our logistics, and making sure our pricing is right for the market. There will be a long-term mode that we can build for the market. For the second question, it depends on the high ticket item. It depends on how you define what is a high ticket item. I think if you look at our mall segment of Brazil, which is probably one of the population you can look at, it's in the range of teams. If you even compare to the Asian market, there is a meaningful room we can grow from there. In the long term, I do believe that the penetration of more businesses in Brazil should be higher than in Asia, given the GDP per capita and income gaps versus our Asian market. Hi, Alicia, on your question for Garena, the recent guidance in terms of the bookings and considering the scale and the size of Free Fire. The main driver will be still Free Fire for this revised app guidance. We feel very excited. I think, as I shared in my remark, we see a very, very strong momentum of growth across all the metrics for Free Fire. In Q2, we launched a new map. This is the first new map actually we have launched in the past three years. It has been a tremendous effort behind it. There is a very sizable developer team across different countries. This is the result of their two years of hard work. It is very, very well received by the gamers, both the new gamers and the old gamers. We do focus on both the new gamer boarding experience and, at the same time, the retention and engagement with our veteran gamers. The confidence also comes from some collaboration, IP collaboration we mentioned in Q3, specifically Netflix Great Game and Naruto Chapter 2. We have a very, very exciting and promising result from these IP collaborations in Q1, as we shared last quarter. This is kind of like another new episode of those IP collaborations. We learned a lot, and we have done great, but we also see things we can even do better. We fine-tune our collaborations. So far, we have seen great results from the IP collaborations. I think that gives us the confidence of the four-year outlook of Garena. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Divya Kothiyal of Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open. Thank you very much. My first question is on e-commerce. Could you talk about the upside to take rates from here on beyond advertising? Could you also maybe discuss what the seller response has been to the rising commissions in ASEAN, and how does that impact the overall competitive landscape? My second question is on fintech, specifically for Brazil, because you mentioned that that has also started growing quite robustly in this quarter. Could you talk about your strategy of ramping up fintech in Brazil? Where is the BNPL penetration now, and how fast do you expect it to grow? If you can maybe point out some differences between the way it should ramp up in Brazil versus how you've been able to grow the business in ASEAN. Thanks. On the take rate side, obviously, as we shared in the opening, we see that it's still a strong potential on the app side through technology improvement and also a better product that we roll out to the sellers. I think beyond the commissions, as you already pointed out, we did some adjustments in the past quarter on the take rate on the seller side. Overall, we have been seeing a relatively calm response from the ecosystem. I think the key thing that you will be looking at is how the pricing structure will change in the ecosystem in response to the take rate change, which is a good barometer to ensure the health of the ecosystem. We've been seeing a relatively expected response on the pricing side. We didn't see any particular seller dropout system, etc. I think from all the indicators that I think we've been getting a reasonable response, a calm response from the ecosystem. At the same time, we're able to reinvest some of the take rate back to the ecosystem, which is very well received by both the merchant on the seller side and on the buyer side. On the competitive side of this, as you probably can observe, that relatively healthy competitive ecosystem, we've observed that some of the competitors also increase their take rates. In fact, some of them copy exactly the same thing as we did as well in certain markets. We're less kind of worried from that front. On the second question regarding the Brazil digital finance part of the services, we do see Brazil as a very important market for us on the digital finance side. We have seen very good growth on the loan books in the second quarter. Our active user for loans grows two times year to year. Our outstanding in Brazil also grows more than two times year to year. One of the key things we did, I think we shared in the last earnings call, is we combined the personal cash loan and SPayLater limits to one limit, which is different from how we operate in Asia. We also integrate more external data to our risk assessment system compared to Asia. This is because in Brazil, there are more external data available compared to Asia in the market. We also have better integration between our money product offering and the Shopee product offerings. All this enables us to grow our loan book quite meaningfully and reduce our risk in the market. On top of that, just to share a little bit on Brazil as well, we do acquire SE license, and we also get initial approval for SAFI license, which will enable us to have better funding sources in the future. In fact, we have formed partnerships with some external lenders already to support the lending fund in the Brazil market. In general, I think we are very optimistic about the potential upside on the digital finance services in Brazil. I think we are still in a very early stage compared to Asia in terms of the growth trajectories. The penetration of SPayLater on the Shopee side is still around the single-digit to double-digit range. If you compare it to Asia, we still have a very large room to grow, and our personal loans are still very early stage. We have many other products in the pipeline to be rolled out to the market. Thank you very much. Question comes from the line of John Choi of Daiwa. Your line is now open. Thanks for taking my question. My first question is about advertising take rate. I mean, this quarter, obviously, 70 basis points meaningful improvement. Can you kind of share how much more upside that you see? I know that we've been implementing quite a bit of ad tech, and you guys also shared some metrics about ad products rose, a number of sellers that are using this quarter by 20%, etc. In terms of the users or the advertisers, how much more conversion do you think you could expect? That's my first question. The second question is on Brazil right now. I think you mentioned, I think the delivery has improved substantially to 20%, 40%, as you mentioned. What kind of investments do we have to do furthermore in order to further improve? Would that be able to improve our profitability, I mean, the EBITDA margin along the way, or is it going to be kind of a prudent approach trying to balance investment and also profitability in the Brazil market? Thank you. On the ad side, there are two main drivers for the ad tech rate. One is we have a better traffic allocation algorithm between the ads and organics. We are able to mix the ad slot and the organic slot in a more efficient way, which will improve how much we can essentially improve the conversion rate of the ads' placement, which will improve the return on investment from the sellers so we can essentially cater for more seller demand on ads. I think that's number one. Number two is we have a better seller-facing product. We roll out GMV Max, which helps the seller to automatically allocate the ad spend more efficiently and maximize the ROI. We also simplify a lot more ad setup UIs to more and more sellers. I think all this helps to achieve essentially the better take rate. As you can see, we increase both how many sellers are involved in the ads product. We have a 20% increase in the active ad sellers. We also have a 40% rise in the ads revenue per seller. We are improving on both sides in terms of the seller and the number of sellers and the revenue per seller. Going forward, we do see still a meaningful improvement on the ad tech rate improvement because number one is our products are still rolling out to more and more sellers. That is just simply, you know, there are more sellers joining the new product. I think number two is we still see a very good potential on using, especially AI technology, on improving our algorithms on how to improve our conversion better. There are a few experiments we're running, which yield pretty good results so far. Some of them will be rolled out in the later part of the year, which will hopefully give us a meaningful improvement on the take rate. I think the improvement on the ad tech rate, I think it will be ongoing for a period of time. I think it will not finish this quarter. I think in the next few quarters, you will see the number as we go. On the second question on Brazil, regarding the investment in Brazil, in general, our logistics service has been relatively less CapEx heavy. We don't buy land. We don't buy our own trucks, even in Brazil. The majority of the investment in terms of CapEx is, number one, our sorting machines, our automatic sorting machines in our sorting center. Number two is just setting up the delivery hubs across the countries. It will not give us a big, I guess, a profitability burden in general. In fact, as we expand more and more SPX coverage and improve the efficiency more and more, this will help us on the EBITDA in Brazil. Actually, this trend has been ongoing for a period of time. If you track our path, we have been profitable in Brazil since a few quarters ago, and we are still profitable in Brazil, even with growth in such high speed for the market. Next question comes from the line of Jiong Shao of Barclays. Your line is now open. Thank you very much for taking my questions, and congrats first on the very strong results. I have two follow-ups. One is just on the ads. I think Chris just talked about some of the elements for ads. I was wondering, what's the current take rate now for the ads? I recall a few quarters ago, you talked about a longer or medium to long-term target of 4%-5%. I just want to check in to see if that remains the case. The second question is about AI. I think both Forrest and Chris talked about using AI to improve the ad tech and, among other things, for your internal operations. Could you expand a bit on your thoughts outside of using AI, improving your internal efficiency? The reason I'm asking is that one of your e-commerce peers in Asia recently, for example, started to expand their cloud services to external customers. Since on those lines, think about what are some potential other businesses that can go beyond your core businesses by using AI. Thank you so much. For the ad tech rate, our current ad tech rate is still well below the peers you have seen in the region. We are probably around 2% as we are. As you already pointed out, I think there is quite a sizable room we can grow over time. On the AI side, I think, as we shared on a few occasions, we use AI at this point in time for two main purposes. One is to improve our current businesses across all different dimensions. For example, we talked about the ad improvement just now. We also use AI a lot in our general recommendations, and this improves our conversion rate quite a lot. By understanding user intention better, by understanding the buyer's query better, we also spend a lot of effort on the AIGC initiatives that can generate a lot more attractive pictures for the product descriptions. We also auto-generate many of the video products to help the conversion of our sellers. On the customer interaction side, our customer service chatbot is 80% managed by AI agents. We're also helping the seller to interact with the buyers through the CS chat by agent as well, not only reducing the cost for the sellers, but also improving the upselling potential for the sellers while talking to the buyers. We have many initiatives like that across our businesses just to make our business better. That's the first type of category. The second type is to improve our internal operations. For example, obviously, the product development side, but also many of our daily operations. For example, if you look at the way we run our marketing campaigns, a lot of marketing campaigns are very automated right now through AI tools. Many of the processes to process the payments are AI-enabled through the agent, etc. I think, obviously, we are actively looking at what are the potential businesses we can expand from the AI evolutions. At this point in time, there's no particular concrete business yet. Question comes from the line of Thomas Chong of Jefferies. Your line is now open. Hi, good evening. Thanks, management, for taking my questions, and congratulations on a very strong set of results. My question is about the gaming business. Can management comment about, other than the success of Free Fire, how are other games performed like Delta Force? On the other hand, how does AI actually benefit the gaming business in driving the time span, the monetization, et cetera? Thank you. Sure. Thanks, Thomas. For, like, we, I mean, as a philosophy, we always want to not only continually make Free Fire more engaging, attractive games, but we also focus on a new game. We do see a lot of opportunities in the different genres and the different markets. I think it's a, but I will say, I think that at this moment, even we see some promising results, and I think it's a, like, the game, like a Delta Force or like a Free City, is still at an early stage. I think it's a, like, we still kind of like a fine-tuned stage, rather than saying, okay, this will be another fantastic big hit for us. We'll keep our investors updated when we continually see, I think it's still we're fine-tuning the product, although for some of them, we see some initial attraction. We are very, very excited about the AI perspective in the game industry. Personally, I believe the game industry will be among the first batch of industries largely benefited by the AI advancements and the technologies. So far, we have seen a lot of kind of upside on the, actually, on the development and the production side. For example, to develop any new content, new map, we need to generate a lot of original arts. Now a lot of very, very basic arts can be generated by AI. The quality is very, very decent in terms of the efficiency. The volume is generated, and the variety is generated. You can imagine it's much, much better than what humans can do. This has largely improved our productivity, and it's really, really, really exciting. As you mentioned, from the gamers' engagement perspective, there is a very, very clear opportunity we have seen in the use cases. We do believe, for example, Free Fire is a very, very social game. It's designed for team play. There's much, much more fun if you play with other players, and there's a much more combination of the strategy, the technique you can use than you play as a solo gamer. We observed in Free Fire, we still have a very, very sizable gamers who only play solo games. They enjoy it, but I think they haven't really fully experienced the amazing part of the game. Maybe because they are shy, they don't know how to reach out to other players. As we think, like, the AI-enabled bots, it's kind of like they're, it's an AI game agent, like, as their teammates, as peers, for them to play the game together, kind of play a brother's role, a sister's role, and a coach role in the game, and give them a little bit of flavor of how this interaction will kind of feel and taste in the gameplay as an encouragement for them to reach out to play as a team rather than individuals. I think that largely helps on the retention. Furthermore, I think we are very actively experiencing and trying to figure out how to kind of leverage the generative AI to let gamers generate content rather than, okay, so now all today's game experience is preset and how the experience will look like. I think with the AI tools, actually, this experience can be much more immersive and much more interactive and much more individualized. It's still an early stage because we can see some success, but we want to make sure the experience can be applied in the large scale and in a very, very consistent quality. I think that's the things we have been working on. We're sure, I think, like, this will happen sooner or later. Yeah. Thank you. This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Mr. Casey Ong for any closing remarks. Thank you all for joining today's call. We look forward to speaking to all of you again next quarter. The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.

Speaker 8: Good morning and good evening to all, and welcome to the Sea Limited Second Quarter 2025 Results Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. If you'd like to ask a question during this time, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, press star one again. For operator assistance throughout the call, please press star zero. Finally, I would like to advise all participants that this call is being recorded. Thank you. I'd now like to welcome Mr. Casey Ong to begin the conference. Please go ahead Good morning and good evening to all, and welcome to the Sea Limited Second Quarter 2025 Results Conference Call. good morning and good evening to all and welcome to the sea limited second quarter 2025 results conference call All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. all lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. after the speaker's remarks there will be a question-and-answer session If you'd like to ask a question during this time, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. if you'd like to ask a question during this time please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad If you would like to withdraw your question, press star one again. if you would like to withdraw your question press star one again For operator assistance throughout the call, please press star zero. for operator assistance throughout the call please press star zero Finally, I would like to advise all participants that this call is being recorded. finally i would like to advise all participants that this call is being recorded Thank you. thank you I'd now like to welcome Mr. Casey Ong to begin the conference. i'd now like to welcome mr casey ong to begin the conference Please go ahead please go ahead

Speaker 5: Hello everyone, and welcome to Sea Limited's 2025 second quarter earnings conference call. I am Casey from Sea Limited's investor relations team. On this call, we may make forward-looking statements, which are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and may not be realized in the future for various reasons, as stated in our press release. Also, this call includes the discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as adjusted EBITDA. We believe these measures can enhance our investors' understanding of the actual cash flows of our major businesses when used as a complement to our GAAP disclosures. For a discussion of the use of non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliation with the closest GAAP measures, please refer to the section on non-GAAP financial measures in our press release. I have with me Sea Limited's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Forrest Li, President Chris Feng, and Chief Financial Officer, Tony Hou. Hello everyone, and welcome to Sea Limited's 2025 second quarter earnings conference call. hello everyone and welcome to sea limited's 2025 second quarter earnings conference call I am Casey from Sea Limited's investor relations team. i am casey from sea limited's investor relations team On this call, we may make forward-looking statements, which are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and may not be realized in the future for various reasons, as stated in our press release. on this call we may make forward-looking statements which are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and may not be realized in the future for various reasons as stated in our press release Also, this call includes the discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as adjusted EBITDA. also this call includes the discussion of certain non-gaap financial measures such as adjusted ebitda We believe these measures can enhance our investors' understanding of the actual cash flows of our major businesses when used as a complement to our GAAP disclosures. we believe these measures can enhance our investors' understanding of the actual cash flows of our major businesses when used as a complement to our gaap disclosures For a discussion of the use of non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliation with the closest GAAP measures, please refer to the section on non-GAAP financial measures in our press release. for a discussion of the use of non-gaap financial measures and reconciliation with the closest gaap measures please refer to the section on non-gaap financial measures in our press release I have with me Sea Limited's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Forrest Li, President Chris Feng, and Chief Financial Officer, Tony Hou. i have with me sea limited's chairman and chief executive officer forrest li president chris feng and chief financial officer tony hou Our management will share strategy and business updates, operating highlights, and financial performance for the second quarter of 2025. This will be followed by a Q&A session in which we welcome any questions you have. With that, let me turn the call over to Forrest. Our management will share strategy and business updates, operating highlights, and financial performance for the second quarter of 2025. our management will share strategy and business updates operating highlights and financial performance for the second quarter of 2025 This will be followed by a Q&A session in which we welcome any questions you have. this will be followed by a q&a session in which we welcome any questions you have With that, let me turn the call over to Forrest. with that let me turn the call over to forrest

Speaker 2: Hello everyone, and thank you for joining today's call. The momentum from our strong start to 2025 has continued into the second quarter. All three of our businesses have delivered robust, healthy growth, giving us greater confidence of delivering another great year. Shopee's GMV grew 25% year-on-year in the first half, and we expect this growth momentum to carry into Q3. SeaMoney's loan book continues to expand rapidly while maintaining a healthy NPL ratio. For Garena, we now expect full-year bookings to grow more than 30% year-on-year. Given the high potential of our market and the stage of our business now, we will continue to prioritize growth. We still see huge opportunities in our market to serve many more users and better many more lives with technology. Expanding both our addressable market and capturing more market share will pave the way for us to maximize our long-term profitability. Hello everyone, and thank you for joining today's call. hello everyone and thank you for joining today's call The momentum from our strong start to 2025 has continued into the second quarter. the momentum from our strong start to 2025 has continued into the second quarter All three of our businesses have delivered robust, healthy growth, giving us greater confidence of delivering another great year. all three of our businesses have delivered robust healthy growth giving us greater confidence of delivering another great year Shopee's GMV grew 25% year-on-year in the first half, and we expect this growth momentum to carry into Q3. shopee's gmv grew 25% year-on-year in the first half and we expect this growth momentum to carry into q3 SeaMoney's loan book continues to expand rapidly while maintaining a healthy NPL ratio. seamoney's loan book continues to expand rapidly while maintaining a healthy npl ratio For Garena, we now expect full-year bookings to grow more than 30% year-on-year. for garena we now expect full-year bookings to grow more than 30% year-on-year Given the high potential of our market and the stage of our business now, we will continue to prioritize growth. given the high potential of our market and the stage of our business now we will continue to prioritize growth We still see huge opportunities in our market to serve many more users and better many more lives with technology. we still see huge opportunities in our market to serve many more users and better many more lives with technology Expanding both our addressable market and capturing more market share will pave the way for us to maximize our long-term profitability. expanding both our addressable market and capturing more market share will pave the way for us to maximize our long-term profitability At the same time, our company has reached a stage where we can pursue growth opportunities while improving profitability. By being disciplined and cost-efficient, we have turned all three businesses EBITDA positive since the second half of last year, and we are accumulating cash each quarter as we scale. We remain committed to growing profitably with a strong balance sheet that enables us to capture future opportunities. With that, let me take you through each business's performance. Starting with e-commerce, Shopee has shown stellar growth performance throughout the first half of this year. After a record-high Q1, we have delivered another record-breaking Q2 with quarter-on-quarter growth in gross order volume, GMV, and revenue. This was driven by a sustained increase in our active buyers and their purchase frequency, reinforcing our leadership across all our markets. At the same time, our company has reached a stage where we can pursue growth opportunities while improving profitability. at the same time our company has reached a stage where we can pursue growth opportunities while improving profitability By being disciplined and cost-efficient, we have turned all three businesses EBITDA positive since the second half of last year, and we are accumulating cash each quarter as we scale. by being disciplined and cost-efficient we have turned all three businesses ebitda positive since the second half of last year and we are accumulating cash each quarter as we scale We remain committed to growing profitably with a strong balance sheet that enables us to capture future opportunities. we remain committed to growing profitably with a strong balance sheet that enables us to capture future opportunities With that, let me take you through each business's performance. with that let me take you through each business's performance Starting with e-commerce, Shopee has shown stellar growth performance throughout the first half of this year. starting with e-commerce shopee has shown stellar growth performance throughout the first half of this year After a record-high Q1, we have delivered another record-breaking Q2 with quarter-on-quarter growth in gross order volume, GMV, and revenue. after a record-high q1 we have delivered another record-breaking q2 with quarter-on-quarter growth in gross order volume gmv and revenue This was driven by a sustained increase in our active buyers and their purchase frequency, reinforcing our leadership across all our markets. this was driven by a sustained increase in our active buyers and their purchase frequency reinforcing our leadership across all our markets We also delivered year-on-year profitability improvements across Asia and Brazil, enabled by our expanding scale and improving cost efficiency. Our monetization improved in the second quarter, largely driven by strong growth in advertising revenue. We have deliberately worked to both drive seller adoption and encourage existing ad-paying sellers to use our latest ad tech solutions. Since early last year, our dedicated ad tech team has worked hard to improve algorithms, enhance traffic allocation efficiency, and deploy AI technologies to better serve our ad-paying sellers. We have seen very encouraging results. During the second quarter, the number of sellers using our ad products rose by around 20%, and ad-paying sellers' average quarterly ad spend grew by more than 40% year-on-year. Our tech enhancements have allowed us to more effectively optimize Shopee's GMV and advertising revenue at the same time. We also delivered year-on-year profitability improvements across Asia and Brazil, enabled by our expanding scale and improving cost efficiency. we also delivered year-on-year profitability improvements across asia and brazil enabled by our expanding scale and improving cost efficiency Our monetization improved in the second quarter, largely driven by strong growth in advertising revenue. our monetization improved in the second quarter largely driven by strong growth in advertising revenue We have deliberately worked to both drive seller adoption and encourage existing ad-paying sellers to use our latest ad tech solutions. we have deliberately worked to both drive seller adoption and encourage existing ad-paying sellers to use our latest ad tech solutions Since early last year, our dedicated ad tech team has worked hard to improve algorithms, enhance traffic allocation efficiency, and deploy AI technologies to better serve our ad-paying sellers. since early last year our dedicated ad tech team has worked hard to improve algorithms enhance traffic allocation efficiency and deploy ai technologies to better serve our ad-paying sellers We have seen very encouraging results. we have seen very encouraging results During the second quarter, the number of sellers using our ad products rose by around 20%, and ad-paying sellers' average quarterly ad spend grew by more than 40% year-on-year. during the second quarter the number of sellers using our ad products rose by around 20% and ad-paying sellers' average quarterly ad spend grew by more than 40% year-on-year Our tech enhancements have allowed us to more effectively optimize Shopee's GMV and advertising revenue at the same time. our tech enhancements have allowed us to more effectively optimize shopee's gmv and advertising revenue at the same time We saw an 8% uplift in Shopee's purchase conversion rates and improved our ad tech rate by almost 70 basis points this quarter, year-on-year. Our operational priorities have proven to be a winning formula, and they remain consistent, enhancing price competitiveness, improving service quality, and strengthening our content ecosystem. In the second quarter, we reinforced our price competitive value proposition with the launch of the campaign slogan, "Cheaper, Faster at Shopee." It resonated well with buyers. We saw a more than 10% year-on-year uplift in overall purchase frequency during the quarter, and buyers continued to rank us as the most price-competitive e-commerce platform in Qualtrics surveyed across Asia and Brazil. On service quality, our logistics capabilities continue to be an important differentiator for us. In the second quarter, we reduced the logistics cost per order and improved delivery speed across Asia and Brazil year-on-year in both urban and rural areas. We saw an 8% uplift in Shopee's purchase conversion rates and improved our ad tech rate by almost 70 basis points this quarter, year-on-year. we saw an 8% uplift in shopee's purchase conversion rates and improved our ad tech rate by almost 70 basis points this quarter year-on-year Our operational priorities have proven to be a winning formula, and they remain consistent, enhancing price competitiveness, improving service quality, and strengthening our content ecosystem. our operational priorities have proven to be a winning formula and they remain consistent enhancing price competitiveness improving service quality and strengthening our content ecosystem In the second quarter, we reinforced our price competitive value proposition with the launch of the campaign slogan, "Cheaper, Faster at Shopee." It resonated well with buyers. in the second quarter we reinforced our price competitive value proposition with the launch of the campaign slogan "cheaper faster at shopee." it resonated well with buyers We saw a more than 10% year-on-year uplift in overall purchase frequency during the quarter, and buyers continued to rank us as the most price-competitive e-commerce platform in Qualtrics surveyed across Asia and Brazil. we saw a more than 10% year-on-year uplift in overall purchase frequency during the quarter and buyers continued to rank us as the most price-competitive e-commerce platform in qualtrics surveyed across asia and brazil On service quality, our logistics capabilities continue to be an important differentiator for us. on service quality our logistics capabilities continue to be an important differentiator for us In the second quarter, we reduced the logistics cost per order and improved delivery speed across Asia and Brazil year-on-year in both urban and rural areas. in the second quarter we reduced the logistics cost per order and improved delivery speed across asia and brazil year-on-year in both urban and rural areas We continue to roll out new initiatives to address specific customer needs, such as instant delivery options in dense urban areas. This lets some buyers receive their order within as little as four hours of order placement, our fastest shipping channel yet. We piloted it in Indonesia, and it proved so successful that we have now rolled it out to Vietnam and Thailand as well. Another example is intelligent demand forecasting, where we pre-ship commonly ordered products to warehouses closer to where we know buyer demand will likely come from, reducing buyer waiting time when actual orders are placed. Our logistics innovations not only delight our customers by improving the service quality they receive, but they also make us more cost-efficient, letting us pass savings on to buyers. We have also been doing more to enhance buyer loyalty and stickiness. We continue to roll out new initiatives to address specific customer needs, such as instant delivery options in dense urban areas. we continue to roll out new initiatives to address specific customer needs such as instant delivery options in dense urban areas This lets some buyers receive their order within as little as four hours of order placement, our fastest shipping channel yet. this lets some buyers receive their order within as little as four hours of order placement our fastest shipping channel yet We piloted it in Indonesia, and it proved so successful that we have now rolled it out to Vietnam and Thailand as well. we piloted it in indonesia and it proved so successful that we have now rolled it out to vietnam and thailand as well Another example is intelligent demand forecasting, where we pre-ship commonly ordered products to warehouses closer to where we know buyer demand will likely come from, reducing buyer waiting time when actual orders are placed. another example is intelligent demand forecasting where we pre-ship commonly ordered products to warehouses closer to where we know buyer demand will likely come from reducing buyer waiting time when actual orders are placed Our logistics innovations not only delight our customers by improving the service quality they receive, but they also make us more cost-efficient, letting us pass savings on to buyers. our logistics innovations not only delight our customers by improving the service quality they receive but they also make us more cost-efficient letting us pass savings on to buyers We have also been doing more to enhance buyer loyalty and stickiness. we have also been doing more to enhance buyer loyalty and stickiness Our Shopee VIP membership program, a paid subscription service giving buyers exclusive benefits, has shown very good momentum in Indonesia. Total GMV from VIP members there grew nearly 50% quarter on quarter, and VIP members bought a monthly average of around 30% more after subscribing. VIP members have also shown a roughly 20% higher retention rate compared to non-members. Building on this success, we have expanded the program to Thailand and Vietnam. At the end of June, total VIP subscribers in these markets reached 2 million. We plan to roll out the program to more markets over the rest of the year. Our content ecosystem continues to be a powerful engine of buyer engagement and conversion. Our AI tools empower Shopee sellers to produce high-quality video content, helping them improve user conversion and make more money without having to invest in their own studio setup. Our Shopee VIP membership program, a paid subscription service giving buyers exclusive benefits, has shown very good momentum in Indonesia. our shopee vip membership program a paid subscription service giving buyers exclusive benefits has shown very good momentum in indonesia Total GMV from VIP members there grew nearly 50% quarter on quarter, and VIP members bought a monthly average of around 30% more after subscribing. total gmv from vip members there grew nearly 50% quarter on quarter and vip members bought a monthly average of around 30% more after subscribing VIP members have also shown a roughly 20% higher retention rate compared to non-members. vip members have also shown a roughly 20% higher retention rate compared to non-members Building on this success, we have expanded the program to Thailand and Vietnam. building on this success we have expanded the program to thailand and vietnam At the end of June, total VIP subscribers in these markets reached 2 million. at the end of june total vip subscribers in these markets reached 2 million We plan to roll out the program to more markets over the rest of the year. we plan to roll out the program to more markets over the rest of the year Our content ecosystem continues to be a powerful engine of buyer engagement and conversion. our content ecosystem continues to be a powerful engine of buyer engagement and conversion Our AI tools empower Shopee sellers to produce high-quality video content, helping them improve user conversion and make more money without having to invest in their own studio setup. our ai tools empower shopee sellers to produce high-quality video content helping them improve user conversion and make more money without having to invest in their own studio setup In Southeast Asia, orders from live streaming and short-form videos accounted for more than 20% of our total physical goods order volume in the second quarter. Our collaboration with YouTube has also continued its strong momentum. As of June, more than 7 million YouTube videos featured Shopee product links across our Southeast Asian markets, an increase of more than 50% quarter-on-quarter. Moving to Brazil, Shopee has continued to deliver exceptional growth while maintaining its positive adjusted EBITDA. Average monthly active buyers rose by over 30% year-on-year in the second quarter, much faster than the industry average growth rate. Our strong growth in Brazil is built on solid fundamentals, especially logistics improvements and product category expansion. We have brought logistics cost per order down by 16% while also reducing our average delivery time by more than two days, year-on-year. In Southeast Asia, orders from live streaming and short-form videos accounted for more than 20% of our total physical goods order volume in the second quarter. in southeast asia orders from live streaming and short-form videos accounted for more than 20% of our total physical goods order volume in the second quarter Our collaboration with YouTube has also continued its strong momentum. our collaboration with youtube has also continued its strong momentum As of June, more than 7 million YouTube videos featured Shopee product links across our Southeast Asian markets, an increase of more than 50% quarter- on-quarter. as of june more than 7 million youtube videos featured shopee product links across our southeast asian markets an increase of more than 50% quarter- on-quarter Moving to Brazil, Shopee has continued to deliver exceptional growth while maintaining its positive adjusted EBITDA. moving to brazil shopee has continued to deliver exceptional growth while maintaining its positive adjusted ebitda Average monthly active buyers rose by over 30% year-on-year in the second quarter, much faster than the industry average growth rate. average monthly active buyers rose by over 30% year-on-year in the second quarter much faster than the industry average growth rate Our strong growth in Brazil is built on solid fundamentals, especially logistics improvements and product category expansion. our strong growth in brazil is built on solid fundamentals especially logistics improvements and product category expansion We have brought logistics cost per order down by 16% while also reducing our average delivery time by more than two days, year-on-year. we have brought logistics cost per order down by 16% while also reducing our average delivery time by more than two days year-on-year In the Greater São Paulo region, about one in four Shopee parcels were delivered the next day, and 40% within two days, up from single-digit percentages in the same period last year. We added over 100 well-known brands to our platform, especially in higher-value product categories. This contributed to steady and healthy increases in buyers' average basket sizes in the second quarter. This combination of improving delivery service while expanding our product selection has allowed us to both serve our existing users more effectively and expand into more user segments, such as urban and more affluent buyers. We will continue to push on this front and keep our strong momentum going in Brazil. This quarter, we celebrated Shopee's five-year anniversary in Brazil, and I'm very proud of what our team has achieved in this relatively short time. In the Greater São Paulo region, about one in four Shopee parcels were delivered the next day, and 40% within two days, up from single-digit percentages in the same period last year. in the greater são paulo region about one in four shopee parcels were delivered the next day and 40% within two days up from single-digit percentages in the same period last year We added over 100 well-known brands to our platform, especially in higher-value product categories. we added over 100 well-known brands to our platform especially in higher-value product categories This contributed to steady and healthy increases in buyers' average basket sizes in the second quarter. this contributed to steady and healthy increases in buyers' average basket sizes in the second quarter This combination of improving delivery service while expanding our product selection has allowed us to both serve our existing users more effectively and expand into more user segments, such as urban and more affluent buyers. this combination of improving delivery service while expanding our product selection has allowed us to both serve our existing users more effectively and expand into more user segments such as urban and more affluent buyers We will continue to push on this front and keep our strong momentum going in Brazil. we will continue to push on this front and keep our strong momentum going in brazil This quarter, we celebrated Shopee's five-year anniversary in Brazil, and I'm very proud of what our team has achieved in this relatively short time. this quarter we celebrated shopee's five-year anniversary in brazil and i'm very proud of what our team has achieved in this relatively short time We have become the market leader by order volume, we continue to grow fast, and we are operating profitably. I'm especially happy with the role we have played in promoting digital entrepreneurship to over 8 million Brazilians. 30% of our active sellers cite Shopee as their first experience selling online, and more than half of our active sellers say they rely on Shopee as their primary source of income. In summary, Shopee has delivered an exceptional performance in the first half of the year, with 25% GMV growth year-on-year, and we are confident that this growth momentum will carry into Q3. We remain committed to delivering strong, profitable growth while reinforcing our market leadership across Asia and Brazil. Next, moving to digital financial services. SeaMoney had another very strong quarter. We have become the market leader by order volume, we continue to grow fast, and we are operating profitably. we have become the market leader by order volume we continue to grow fast and we are operating profitably I'm especially happy with the role we have played in promoting digital entrepreneurship to over 8 million Brazilians. 30% of our active sellers cite Shopee as their first experience selling online, and more than half of our active sellers say they rely on Shopee as their primary source of income. i'm especially happy with the role we have played in promoting digital entrepreneurship to over 8 million brazilians 30% of our active sellers cite shopee as their first experience selling online and more than half of our active sellers say they rely on shopee as their primary source of income In summary, Shopee has delivered an exceptional performance in the first half of the year, with 25% GMV growth year-on-year, and we are confident that this growth momentum will carry into Q3. in summary shopee has delivered an exceptional performance in the first half of the year with 25% gmv growth year-on-year and we are confident that this growth momentum will carry into q3 We remain committed to delivering strong, profitable growth while reinforcing our market leadership across Asia and Brazil. we remain committed to delivering strong profitable growth while reinforcing our market leadership across asia and brazil Next, moving to digital financial services. next moving to digital financial services SeaMoney had another very strong quarter. seamoney had another very strong quarter Both revenue and adjusted EBITDA continued to grow more than 50% year-on-year, and our loan portfolio remained healthy thanks to our prudent risk management. In the second quarter, our loan book grew over 90% year-on-year to reach $6.9 billion, driven by both our expanding user base and our wider range of products addressing more user needs. We added over 4 million first-time borrowers during the quarter, and our newer cohorts are scaling well with positive unit economics. At the end of the quarter, active users for our consumer and SME loan products exceeded 30 million for the first time, representing more than 45% year-on-year growth. Our loan portfolio remained healthy, with the 90-day NPL ratio staying stable at 1.0%. We have delivered this strong and healthy growth across multiple markets, reducing our reliance on any single market and improving our ability to weather local economic cycles. Both revenue and adjusted EBITDA continued to grow more than 50% year-on-year, and our loan portfolio remained healthy thanks to our prudent risk management. both revenue and adjusted ebitda continued to grow more than 50% year-on-year and our loan portfolio remained healthy thanks to our prudent risk management In the second quarter, our loan book grew over 90% year-on-year to reach $6.9 billion, driven by both our expanding user base and our wider range of products addressing more user needs. in the second quarter our loan book grew over 90% year-on-year to reach $6.9 billion driven by both our expanding user base and our wider range of products addressing more user needs We added over 4 million first-time borrowers during the quarter, and our newer cohorts are scaling well with positive unit economics. we added over 4 million first-time borrowers during the quarter and our newer cohorts are scaling well with positive unit economics At the end of the quarter, active users for our consumer and SME loan products exceeded 30 million for the first time, representing more than 45% year-on-year growth. at the end of the quarter active users for our consumer and sme loan products exceeded 30 million for the first time representing more than 45% year-on-year growth Our loan portfolio remained healthy, with the 90-day NPL ratio staying stable at 1.0%. our loan portfolio remained healthy with the 90-day npl ratio staying stable at 1.0% We have delivered this strong and healthy growth across multiple markets, reducing our reliance on any single market and improving our ability to weather local economic cycles. we have delivered this strong and healthy growth across multiple markets reducing our reliance on any single market and improving our ability to weather local economic cycles I'm happy to report that Malaysia's loan book surpassed $1 billion at the end of June. It is our third market to reach this significant milestone after Indonesia and Thailand. Brazil also delivered robust growth in the second quarter, driven by strong adoption of SPayLater and personal cash loan products. We have achieved such high growth while managing risk very well, thanks to three unique advantages that SeaMoney has. First, deep and seamless integration with our Shopee ecosystem. Second, a very large base of users who are growing their credit track records with us over the years. Third, our increasing use of AI to improve our credit models. Together, these advantages uniquely enhance our underwriting capabilities in each market, enabling us to very effectively push for growth across our three credit product lines: on Shopee SPayLater, off Shopee SPayLater, and cash loan products. I'm happy to report that Malaysia's loan book surpassed $1 billion at the end of June. i'm happy to report that malaysia's loan book surpassed $1 billion at the end of june It is our third market to reach this significant milestone after Indonesia and Thailand. it is our third market to reach this significant milestone after indonesia and thailand Brazil also delivered robust growth in the second quarter, driven by strong adoption of SPayLater and personal cash loan products. brazil also delivered robust growth in the second quarter driven by strong adoption of spaylater and personal cash loan products We have achieved such high growth while managing risk very well, thanks to three unique advantages that SeaMoney has. we have achieved such high growth while managing risk very well thanks to three unique advantages that seamoney has First, deep and seamless integration with our Shopee ecosystem. first deep and seamless integration with our shopee ecosystem Second, a very large base of users who are growing their credit track records with us over the years. second a very large base of users who are growing their credit track records with us over the years Third, our increasing use of AI to improve our credit models. third our increasing use of ai to improve our credit models Together, these advantages uniquely enhance our underwriting capabilities in each market, enabling us to very effectively push for growth across our three credit product lines: on Shopee SPayLater, off Shopee SPayLater, and cash loan products. together these advantages uniquely enhance our underwriting capabilities in each market enabling us to very effectively push for growth across our three credit product lines on shopee spaylater off shopee spaylater and cash loan products On Shopee SPayLater continues to deliver solid growth across our market, with GMV penetration now in the mid-teens on a market-blended basis. We promoted SPayLater's one-month interest-free option at Shopee checkout, mimicking the benefits of credit card usage. We used tier-based pricing to offer lower interest rates to prime user segments who have access to more credit options and are more price-sensitive. We also introduced a feature that allows users to request a higher credit limit by voluntarily submitting proof of income. Such initiatives contributed to our record-high monthly numbers for first-time SPayLater borrowers in June. In addition, these measures have enabled us to capture more prime users with stronger repayment capacity and higher lifetime value. We see further runway to scale this product by deepening its penetration on Shopee in all our markets. Off Shopee SPayLater is also growing healthily. On Shopee SPayLater continues to deliver solid growth across our market, with GMV penetration now in the mid-teens on a market-blended basis. on shopee spaylater continues to deliver solid growth across our market with gmv penetration now in the mid-teens on a market-blended basis We promoted SPayLater's one-month interest-free option at Shopee checkout, mimicking the benefits of credit card usage. we promoted spaylater's one-month interest-free option at shopee checkout mimicking the benefits of credit card usage We used tier-based pricing to offer lower interest rates to prime user segments who have access to more credit options and are more price-sensitive. we used tier-based pricing to offer lower interest rates to prime user segments who have access to more credit options and are more price-sensitive We also introduced a feature that allows users to request a higher credit limit by voluntarily submitting proof of income. we also introduced a feature that allows users to request a higher credit limit by voluntarily submitting proof of income Such initiatives contributed to our record-high monthly numbers for first-time SPayLater borrowers in June. such initiatives contributed to our record-high monthly numbers for first-time spaylater borrowers in june In addition, these measures have enabled us to capture more prime users with stronger repayment capacity and higher lifetime value. in addition these measures have enabled us to capture more prime users with stronger repayment capacity and higher lifetime value We see further runway to scale this product by deepening its penetration on Shopee in all our markets. we see further runway to scale this product by deepening its penetration on shopee in all our markets Off Shopee SPayLater is also growing healthily. off shopee spaylater is also growing healthily In Malaysia, we recognize the significant user demand for greater payment flexibility, so we integrated SPayLater with Malaysia's national QR network, DuitNow, enabling seamless and flexible offline usage on many everyday purchases. Our off Shopee SPayLater portfolio grew over 40% quarter on quarter and accounted for more than 20% of our SPayLater portfolio in Malaysia at the end of June. Building on this success, we have just launched a similar user experience with Thailand's national PromptPay QR network as well. We have also gained good traction with personal cash loans, addressing the strong demand we have seen in our market for credit access in people's daily lives. We have scaled this product category both quickly and profitably by cross-selling personal cash loans to SPayLater users with good repayment trends. In Malaysia, we recognize the significant user demand for greater payment flexibility, so we integrated SPayLater with Malaysia's national QR network, DuitNow, enabling seamless and flexible offline usage on many everyday purchases. in malaysia we recognize the significant user demand for greater payment flexibility so we integrated spaylater with malaysia's national qr network duitnow enabling seamless and flexible offline usage on many everyday purchases Our off Shopee SPayLater portfolio grew over 40% quarter on quarter and accounted for more than 20% of our SPayLater portfolio in Malaysia at the end of June. our off shopee spaylater portfolio grew over 40% quarter on quarter and accounted for more than 20% of our spaylater portfolio in malaysia at the end of june Building on this success, we have just launched a similar user experience with Thailand's national PromptPay QR network as well. building on this success we have just launched a similar user experience with thailand's national promptpay qr network as well We have also gained good traction with personal cash loans, addressing the strong demand we have seen in our market for credit access in people's daily lives. we have also gained good traction with personal cash loans addressing the strong demand we have seen in our market for credit access in people's daily lives We have scaled this product category both quickly and profitably by cross-selling personal cash loans to SPayLater users with good repayment trends. we have scaled this product category both quickly and profitably by cross-selling personal cash loans to spaylater users with good repayment trends As a result, personal cash loans outstanding has almost doubled year-on-year as of the end of June, and a lot of headroom remains for this product in our market. In summary, SeaMoney has delivered excellent growth throughout the first half of the year, diversified its loan portfolio across markets and products, and maintained high asset quality through prudent risk management. It is exciting that our credit business is still in the early stages in many of our markets, reinforcing our strong conviction in SeaMoney's long-term growth and earnings potential. Finally, moving to digital entertainment. After a flying start to the year, Garena continued its strong growth momentum into the second quarter. Bookings were up 23%, and adjusted EBITDA was up 22% year-on-year. Multiple key titles delivered double-digit growth in the second quarter, including Free Fire, Arena of Valor, EA Sports FC Online, and Call of Duty Mobile. As a result, personal cash loans outstanding has almost doubled year-on-year as of the end of June, and a lot of headroom remains for this product in our market. as a result personal cash loans outstanding has almost doubled year-on-year as of the end of june and a lot of headroom remains for this product in our market In summary, SeaMoney has delivered excellent growth throughout the first half of the year, diversified its loan portfolio across markets and products, and maintained high asset quality through prudent risk management. in summary seamoney has delivered excellent growth throughout the first half of the year diversified its loan portfolio across markets and products and maintained high asset quality through prudent risk management It is exciting that our credit business is still in the early stages in many of our markets, reinforcing our strong conviction in SeaMoney's long-term growth and earnings potential. it is exciting that our credit business is still in the early stages in many of our markets reinforcing our strong conviction in seamoney's long-term growth and earnings potential Finally, moving to digital entertainment. finally moving to digital entertainment After a flying start to the year, Garena continued its strong growth momentum into the second quarter. after a flying start to the year garena continued its strong growth momentum into the second quarter Bookings were up 23%, and adjusted EBITDA was up 22% year-on-year. bookings were up 23% and adjusted ebitda was up 22% year-on-year Multiple key titles delivered double-digit growth in the second quarter, including Free Fire, Arena of Valor, EA Sports FC Online, and Call of Duty Mobile. multiple key titles delivered double-digit growth in the second quarter including free fire arena of valor ea sports fc online and call of duty mobile Free Fire continues to be at the core of Garena's strong performance, sustaining its massive global user base of more than 100 million average daily active users. Free Fire continues to grow well even after eight years, bringing joy to more users in more markets because we always put what gamers want at the heart of our work. A great example is the high-profile launch of our new map, Solara, in celebration of Free Fire's eighth anniversary during the second quarter. Solara blends enjoyable nostalgia with exciting innovation. Our veteran gamers were thrilled by the return of an iconic train from Free Fire's earliest maps that used to be a central part of their game experience. Free Fire continues to be at the core of Garena's strong performance, sustaining its massive global user base of more than 100 million average daily active users. free fire continues to be at the core of garena's strong performance sustaining its massive global user base of more than 100 million average daily active users Free Fire continues to grow well even after eight years, bringing joy to more users in more markets because we always put what gamers want at the heart of our work. free fire continues to grow well even after eight years bringing joy to more users in more markets because we always put what gamers want at the heart of our work A great example is the high-profile launch of our new map, Solara, in celebration of Free Fire's eighth anniversary during the second quarter. a great example is the high-profile launch of our new map solara in celebration of free fire's eighth anniversary during the second quarter Solara blends enjoyable nostalgia with exciting innovation. solara blends enjoyable nostalgia with exciting innovation Our veteran gamers were thrilled by the return of an iconic train from Free Fire's earliest maps that used to be a central part of their game experience. our veteran gamers were thrilled by the return of an iconic train from free fire's earliest maps that used to be a central part of their game experience Gamers both old and new were very excited by the new full map's live thrill feature, allowing them to move rapidly across the entire terrain, completely changing their gameplay strategy and pushing them to come up with new techniques to win. Since its launch on May 16 at the Free Fire World Series, response from players has been exceptional. It has already become our best-performing new map. We also capitalized on excitement around this new map by introducing a new camera mode that lets players capture photos and videos of their gameplay more easily, boosting social sharing and engagement. Within a month of releasing this feature, average daily shares of in-game footage grew by nearly four times, dramatically expanding Free Fire's visibility. Building on this excitement, we extended our anniversary celebration into July with two high-impact IP collaborations: Netflix's "Great Game" and the Naruto Shippuden Chapter 2. Gamers both old and new were very excited by the new full map's live thrill feature, allowing them to move rapidly across the entire terrain, completely changing their gameplay strategy and pushing them to come up with new techniques to win. gamers both old and new were very excited by the new full map's live thrill feature allowing them to move rapidly across the entire terrain completely changing their gameplay strategy and pushing them to come up with new techniques to win Since its launch on May 16 at the Free Fire World Series, response from players has been exceptional. since its launch on may 16 at the free fire world series response from players has been exceptional It has already become our best-performing new map. it has already become our best-performing new map We also capitalized on excitement around this new map by introducing a new camera mode that lets players capture photos and videos of their gameplay more easily, boosting social sharing and engagement. we also capitalized on excitement around this new map by introducing a new camera mode that lets players capture photos and videos of their gameplay more easily boosting social sharing and engagement Within a month of releasing this feature, average daily shares of in-game footage grew by nearly four times, dramatically expanding Free Fire's visibility. within a month of releasing this feature average daily shares of in-game footage grew by nearly four times dramatically expanding free fire's visibility Building on this excitement, we extended our anniversary celebration into July with two high-impact IP collaborations: Netflix's "Great Game" and the Naruto Shippuden Chapter 2. building on this excitement we extended our anniversary celebration into july with two high-impact ip collaborations netflix's "great game" and the naruto shippuden chapter 2 Initial response from gamers has been extremely positive. In summary, Garena has delivered a very strong performance in the first half of this year. We believe Free Fire has established itself as an evergreen franchise, both sustaining its user engagement and growing its appeal in more markets globally. We are also committed to trying out new genres and new markets and testing the boundaries of future game experiences by embracing AI. Given all of this, we are raising our full-year guidance for Garena and expect bookings to grow more than 30% in 2025, year-on-year. In closing, we are very happy with the strong set of results we delivered both in Q2 and the first half of 2025 overall. All three of our businesses have extended their track record of excellent execution, robust growth, and improving profitability. Initial response from gamers has been extremely positive. initial response from gamers has been extremely positive In summary, Garena has delivered a very strong performance in the first half of this year. in summary garena has delivered a very strong performance in the first half of this year We believe Free Fire has established itself as an evergreen franchise, both sustaining its user engagement and growing its appeal in more markets globally. we believe free fire has established itself as an evergreen franchise both sustaining its user engagement and growing its appeal in more markets globally We are also committed to trying out new genres and new markets and testing the boundaries of future game experiences by embracing AI. we are also committed to trying out new genres and new markets and testing the boundaries of future game experiences by embracing ai Given all of this, we are raising our full-year guidance for Garena and expect bookings to grow more than 30% in 2025, year-on-year. given all of this we are raising our full-year guidance for garena and expect bookings to grow more than 30% in 2025 year-on-year In closing, we are very happy with the strong set of results we delivered both in Q2 and the first half of 2025 overall. in closing we are very happy with the strong set of results we delivered both in q2 and the first half of 2025 overall All three of our businesses have extended their track record of excellent execution, robust growth, and improving profitability. all three of our businesses have extended their track record of excellent execution robust growth and improving profitability This gives us greater confidence about the second half of the year, and we look forward to delivering a strong 2025 and beyond. Thank you, as always, for your support. With that, I invite Tony to discuss our financials. This gives us greater confidence about the second half of the year, and we look forward to delivering a strong 2025 and beyond. this gives us greater confidence about the second half of the year and we look forward to delivering a strong 2025 and beyond Thank you, as always, for your support. thank you as always for your support With that, I invite Tony to discuss our financials. with that i invite tony to discuss our financials

Speaker 10: Thank you, Forrest, and thanks to everyone for joining the call. For Sea Limited overall, total GAAP revenue increased 38% year-on-year to $5.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025. This was primarily driven by GMV growth of our e-commerce business and the growth of our digital financial services business. Our total adjusted EBITDA was $829 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an adjusted EBITDA of $448 million in the second quarter of 2024. On e-commerce, Shopee's gross orders grew 29% year-on-year to $3.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025, and GMV increased by 28% year-on-year to $29.8 billion in the second quarter of 2025. Our second-quarter GAAP revenue of $3.8 billion included GAAP marketplace revenue of $3.3 billion, up 34% year-on-year, and GAAP product revenue of $0.5 billion. Thank you, Forrest, and thanks to everyone for joining the call. thank you forrest and thanks to everyone for joining the call For Sea Limited overall, total GAAP revenue increased 38% year-on-year to $5.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025. for sea limited overall total gaap revenue increased 38% year-on-year to $5.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025 This was primarily driven by GMV growth of our e-commerce business and the growth of our digital financial services business. this was primarily driven by gmv growth of our e-commerce business and the growth of our digital financial services business Our total adjusted EBITDA was $829 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an adjusted EBITDA of $448 million in the second quarter of 2024. our total adjusted ebitda was $829 million in the second quarter of 2025 compared to an adjusted ebitda of $448 million in the second quarter of 2024 On e-commerce, Shopee's gross orders grew 29% year-on-year to $3.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025, and GMV increased by 28% year-on-year to $29.8 billion in the second quarter of 2025. on e-commerce shopee's gross orders grew 29% year-on-year to $3.3 billion in the second quarter of 2025 and gmv increased by 28% year-on-year to $29.8 billion in the second quarter of 2025 Our second-quarter GAAP revenue of $3.8 billion included GAAP marketplace revenue of $3.3 billion, up 34% year-on-year, and GAAP product revenue of $0.5 billion. our second-quarter gaap revenue of $3.8 billion included gaap marketplace revenue of $3.3 billion up 34% year-on-year and gaap product revenue of $0.5 billion Within GAAP marketplace revenue, core marketplace revenue, mainly consisting of transaction-based fees and advertising revenues, was $2.6 billion, up 46% year-on-year. Value-added services revenue, mainly consisting of revenues related to logistics services, was $0.7 billion, up 3% year-on-year. E-commerce adjusted EBITDA was $228 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an adjusted EBITDA loss of $9 million in the second quarter of 2024. Digital financial services GAAP revenue was up by 70% year-on-year to $883 million. Adjusted EBITDA was up by 55% year-on-year to $255 million. As of the end of June, our consumer and SME loans' principal outstanding reached $6.9 billion, up over 90% year-on-year. This consists of $5.9 billion on-book and $0.9 billion off-book loans' principal outstanding. Non-performing loans past due by more than 90 days as a percentage of total consumer and SME loans was 1% at the end of the quarter. Within GAAP marketplace revenue, core marketplace revenue, mainly consisting of transaction-based fees and advertising revenues, was $2.6 billion, up 46% year-on-year. within gaap marketplace revenue core marketplace revenue mainly consisting of transaction-based fees and advertising revenues was $2.6 billion up 46% year-on-year Value-added services revenue, mainly consisting of revenues related to logistics services, was $0.7 billion, up 3% year-on-year. value-added services revenue mainly consisting of revenues related to logistics services was $0.7 billion up 3% year-on-year E-commerce adjusted EBITDA was $228 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to an adjusted EBITDA loss of $9 million in the second quarter of 2024. e-commerce adjusted ebitda was $228 million in the second quarter of 2025 compared to an adjusted ebitda loss of $9 million in the second quarter of 2024 Digital financial services GAAP revenue was up by 70% year-on-year to $883 million. digital financial services gaap revenue was up by 70% year-on-year to $883 million Adjusted EBITDA was up by 55% year-on-year to $255 million. adjusted ebitda was up by 55% year-on-year to $255 million As of the end of June, our consumer and SME loans' principal outstanding reached $6.9 billion, up over 90% year-on-year. as of the end of june our consumer and sme loans' principal outstanding reached $6.9 billion up over 90% year-on-year This consists of $5.9 billion on-book and $0.9 billion off-book loans' principal outstanding. this consists of $5.9 billion on-book and $0.9 billion off-book loans' principal outstanding Non-performing loans past due by more than 90 days as a percentage of total consumer and SME loans was 1% at the end of the quarter. non-performing loans past due by more than 90 days as a percentage of total consumer and sme loans was 1% at the end of the quarter Digital entertainment bookings grew 23% year-on-year to $661 million. GAAP revenue was up 28% year-on-year to $559 million. The growth was primarily due to the increase in our active user base, as well as the deepened paying user penetration. Digital entertainment adjusted EBITDA was $368 million, up 22% year-on-year. Returning to our consolidated numbers, we recognized a net non-operating income of $83 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to a net non-operating income of $56 million in the second quarter of 2024. We had a net income tax expense of $144 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to a net income tax expense of $61 million in the second quarter of 2024. As a result, net income was $440 million in the second quarter of 2025, as compared to a net income of $80 million in the second quarter of 2024. Digital entertainment bookings grew 23% year-on-year to $661 million. digital entertainment bookings grew 23% year-on-year to $661 million GAAP revenue was up 28% year-on-year to $559 million. gaap revenue was up 28% year-on-year to $559 million The growth was primarily due to the increase in our active user base, as well as the deepened paying user penetration. the growth was primarily due to the increase in our active user base as well as the deepened paying user penetration Digital entertainment adjusted EBITDA was $368 million, up 22% year-on-year. digital entertainment adjusted ebitda was $368 million up 22% year-on-year Returning to our consolidated numbers, we recognized a net non-operating income of $83 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to a net non-operating income of $56 million in the second quarter of 2024. returning to our consolidated numbers we recognized a net non-operating income of $83 million in the second quarter of 2025 compared to a net non-operating income of $56 million in the second quarter of 2024 We had a net income tax expense of $144 million in the second quarter of 2025, compared to a net income tax expense of $61 million in the second quarter of 2024. we had a net income tax expense of $144 million in the second quarter of 2025 compared to a net income tax expense of $61 million in the second quarter of 2024 As a result, net income was $440 million in the second quarter of 2025, as compared to a net income of $80 million in the second quarter of 2024. as a result net income was $440 million in the second quarter of 2025 as compared to a net income of $80 million in the second quarter of 2024

Speaker 5: Thank you, Forrest and Tony. We are now ready to open the call to questions. Operator? Thank you, Forrest and Tony. thank you forrest and tony We are now ready to open the call to questions. we are now ready to open the call to questions Operator? operator

Speaker 8: I'll now begin the question-and-answer session. If you'd like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, please press star one again. In the interest of time, we will take a maximum of two questions at a time from each caller. If you wish to ask more questions, please request to join the queue again after your first question has been addressed. At this time, we will pause for a brief moment to wait for the questions to come in. Your first question comes from the line of Pang Vitt of Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open. I'll now begin the question-and-answer session. i'll now begin the question-and-answer session If you'd like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. if you'd like to ask a question during this time simply press star followed by one on your telephone keypad If you would like to withdraw your question, please press star one again. if you would like to withdraw your question please press star one again In the interest of time, we will take a maximum of two questions at a time from each caller. in the interest of time we will take a maximum of two questions at a time from each caller If you wish to ask more questions, please request to join the queue again after your first question has been addressed. if you wish to ask more questions please request to join the queue again after your first question has been addressed At this time, we will pause for a brief moment to wait for the questions to come in. at this time we will pause for a brief moment to wait for the questions to come in Your first question comes from the line of Pang Vitt of Goldman Sachs. your first question comes from the line of pang vitt of goldman sachs Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 3: Hi, good evening, management, and congratulations for another solid quarter. Two questions from me, both on e-commerce. Number one, on the GMV performance. First half of the year has already been very impressive at 25% year-on-year, and you also expect momentum to carry into third quarter. With this, are you also looking to raise your full-year guidance that you gave in the beginning of the year on the back of this strong performance? That's question number one. Question number two, can you share with us on the latest competitive landscape? Have you observed any changes in momentum, in particular in Brazil? Have you seen any changes since your competitor reduced its free shipping threshold? Hi, good evening, management, and congratulations for another solid quarter. hi good evening management and congratulations for another solid quarter Two questions from me, both on e-commerce. two questions from me both on e-commerce Number one, on the GMV performance. number one on the gmv performance First half of the year has already been very impressive at 25% year-on-year, and you also expect momentum to carry into third quarter. first half of the year has already been very impressive at 25% year-on-year and you also expect momentum to carry into third quarter With this, are you also looking to raise your full-year guidance that you gave in the beginning of the year on the back of this strong performance? with this are you also looking to raise your full-year guidance that you gave in the beginning of the year on the back of this strong performance That's question number one. that's question number one Question number two, can you share with us on the latest competitive landscape? question number two can you share with us on the latest competitive landscape Have you observed any changes in momentum, in particular in Brazil? have you observed any changes in momentum in particular in brazil Have you seen any changes since your competitor reduced its free shipping threshold? have you seen any changes since your competitor reduced its free shipping threshold

Speaker 10: Yeah, I think on the first question regarding the growth momentum, as we shared in the opening, we do see the Q3 momentum will continue. I think what we are saying is that in Q3, likely to be around a similar growth rate as we observed in the first half of the year as well. Obviously, if you take into consideration the four-year growth, it will be better than what we shared before. I think that's one. The second one, regarding the competitive environment for Brazil, as you shared, we do see certain actions from the competitors in the past few months. On our side, our Brazil business has been growing very well, even in the last months after the competitor did the adjustment. We didn't see any observed impact to our growth as far as we can see for now. Yeah, I think on the first question regarding the growth momentum, as we shared in the opening, we do see the Q3 momentum will continue. yeah i think on the first question regarding the growth momentum as we shared in the opening we do see the q3 momentum will continue I think what we are saying is that in Q3, likely to be around a similar growth rate as we observed in the first half of the year as well. i think what we are saying is that in q3 likely to be around a similar growth rate as we observed in the first half of the year as well Obviously, if you take into consideration the four-year growth, it will be better than what we shared before. obviously if you take into consideration the four-year growth it will be better than what we shared before I think that's one. The second one, regarding the competitive environment for Brazil, as you shared, we do see certain actions from the competitors in the past few months. i think that's one. the second one regarding the competitive environment for brazil as you shared we do see certain actions from the competitors in the past few months On our side, our Brazil business has been growing very well, even in the last months after the competitor did the adjustment. on our side our brazil business has been growing very well even in the last months after the competitor did the adjustment We didn't see any observed impact to our growth as far as we can see for now. we didn't see any observed impact to our growth as far as we can see for now I think the key thing, if you look at Brazil for us, is number one, to make sure that we operate in a best cost structure, especially on the logistics side. Even with the improved speed of delivery, as Forrest shared in the opening, that we are two days faster than last year, we still see the costs coming down, and our costs, we believe, are much lower than where our competitor is. Even compared with their slow shipping, our cost structure is still very competitive, and our speed is a lot faster than their slow shipping. We believe that we are in a pretty good position on that. I think that's number one. Number two is around the price competitiveness. I think this is publicly available. I think the key thing, if you look at Brazil for us, is number one, to make sure that we operate in a best cost structure, especially on the logistics side. i think the key thing if you look at brazil for us is number one to make sure that we operate in a best cost structure especially on the logistics side Even with the improved speed of delivery, as Forrest shared in the opening, that we are two days faster than last year, we still see the costs coming down, and our costs, we believe, are much lower than where our competitor is. even with the improved speed of delivery as forrest shared in the opening that we are two days faster than last year we still see the costs coming down and our costs we believe are much lower than where our competitor is Even compared with their slow shipping, our cost structure is still very competitive, and our speed is a lot faster than their slow shipping. even compared with their slow shipping our cost structure is still very competitive and our speed is a lot faster than their slow shipping We believe that we are in a pretty good position on that. we believe that we are in a pretty good position on that I think that's number one. i think that's number one Number two is around the price competitiveness. number two is around the price competitiveness I think this is publicly available. i think this is publicly available You can do your own benchmarks that our pricing is still very competitive in the market across all price categories, even with the adjustments from the other side. Number three is if you look at our brand seller side, we're expanding our seller base to a better, to a higher ticket items, especially in the past few quarters. We believe that trend will continue as well and will be not impacted much by the competitor movement. All in all, we believe that in Brazil, we are still well positioned. Our growth trend will continue, especially with our core segment group, given the strong focus that we have on the fundamental cost structure, our price competitiveness, and also the growth of our seller side. You can do your own benchmarks that our pricing is still very competitive in the market across all price categories, even with the adjustments from the other side. you can do your own benchmarks that our pricing is still very competitive in the market across all price categories even with the adjustments from the other side Number three is if you look at our brand seller side, we're expanding our seller base to a better, to a higher ticket items, especially in the past few quarters. number three is if you look at our brand seller side we're expanding our seller base to a better to a higher ticket items especially in the past few quarters We believe that trend will continue as well and will be not impacted much by the competitor movement. we believe that trend will continue as well and will be not impacted much by the competitor movement All in all, we believe that in Brazil, we are still well positioned. all in all we believe that in brazil we are still well positioned Our growth trend will continue, especially with our core segment group, given the strong focus that we have on the fundamental cost structure, our price competitiveness, and also the growth of our seller side. our growth trend will continue especially with our core segment group given the strong focus that we have on the fundamental cost structure our price competitiveness and also the growth of our seller side

Speaker 8: Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Piyush Choudhary of HSBC. Your line is now open. Thank you. thank you Your next question comes from the line of Piyush Choudhary of HSBC. your next question comes from the line of piyush choudhary of hsbc Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 4: Yeah, hi. Thanks for the call and congratulations for a great set of numbers. I have two questions, both on e-commerce, actually. Shopee VIP membership program in Indonesia has seen great progress. Could you share, like, what's the potential for the user base in mid-term as you are expanding across markets? How should we think about the cost implication of this program on logistics and other benefits which you offer? Also, if you can talk about your new initiative on instant delivery, which countries you're targeting and cost implication of this. Second question is on the Shopee EBITDA margin. With the push on VIP membership and instant delivery, should we expect margins to remain around similar levels in the second half? What's the outlook for 2026? Thank you. Yeah, hi. yeah hi Thanks for the call and congratulations for a great set of numbers. thanks for the call and congratulations for a great set of numbers I have two questions, both on e-commerce, actually. i have two questions both on e-commerce actually Shopee VIP membership program in Indonesia has seen great progress. shopee vip membership program in indonesia has seen great progress Could you share, like, what's the potential for the user base in mid-term as you are expanding across markets? could you share like what's the potential for the user base in mid-term as you are expanding across markets How should we think about the cost implication of this program on logistics and other benefits which you offer? how should we think about the cost implication of this program on logistics and other benefits which you offer Also, if you can talk about your new initiative on instant delivery, which countries you're targeting and cost implication of this. also if you can talk about your new initiative on instant delivery which countries you're targeting and cost implication of this Second question is on the Shopee EBITDA margin. second question is on the shopee ebitda margin With the push on VIP membership and instant delivery, should we expect margins to remain around similar levels in the second half? with the push on vip membership and instant delivery should we expect margins to remain around similar levels in the second half What's the outlook for 2026? what's the outlook for 2026 Thank you. thank you

Speaker 10: On the VIP program, we do see very good traction in Indonesia. As the first country we started, we see very good take-up from the VIP program, especially given that we are able to, over time, make sure the user can renew with a credit card or pay later product, which is the biggest problem for any of this program in this market before. We are still in the very early stage of rolling this out. As you can see, it's only a few months since we started this program, and the first two, three months was really a pilot process. I think it's too early to tell, but we see very good potential there to be a meaningful program in our market, comparable to the other programs you see in other e-commerce or retailers in the region or outside the region. On the VIP program, we do see very good traction in Indonesia. on the vip program we do see very good traction in indonesia As the first country we started, we see very good take-up from the VIP program, especially given that we are able to, over time, make sure the user can renew with a credit card or pay later product, which is the biggest problem for any of this program in this market before. as the first country we started we see very good take-up from the vip program especially given that we are able to over time make sure the user can renew with a credit card or pay later product which is the biggest problem for any of this program in this market before We are still in the very early stage of rolling this out. we are still in the very early stage of rolling this out As you can see, it's only a few months since we started this program, and the first two, three months was really a pilot process. as you can see it's only a few months since we started this program and the first two three months was really a pilot process I think it's too early to tell, but we see very good potential there to be a meaningful program in our market, comparable to the other programs you see in other e-commerce or retailers in the region or outside the region. i think it's too early to tell but we see very good potential there to be a meaningful program in our market comparable to the other programs you see in other e-commerce or retailers in the region or outside the region As it's a new program, we do foresee some investment in the early time to grow the acceptance, especially getting users to sign up to it, especially renewing the program to get into the habit. We don't see this as a fundamental impact or too visible impact to our cost structure in the medium term or long term. For the instant delivery, instant delivery by itself is essentially to expand our product offerings to the user base, especially on the high-end user base. Actually, those users typically have better profitabilities compared to the low-end user base. We don't foresee any negative EBITDA impact from these services. Rather, on the other side, we do believe this will give us better profitability in our businesses as we grow it. Obviously, there's a delivery cost. As it's a new program, we do foresee some investment in the early time to grow the acceptance, especially getting users to sign up to it, especially renewing the program to get into the habit. as it's a new program we do foresee some investment in the early time to grow the acceptance especially getting users to sign up to it especially renewing the program to get into the habit We don't see this as a fundamental impact or too visible impact to our cost structure in the medium term or long term. we don't see this as a fundamental impact or too visible impact to our cost structure in the medium term or long term For the instant delivery, instant delivery by itself is essentially to expand our product offerings to the user base, especially on the high-end user base. for the instant delivery instant delivery by itself is essentially to expand our product offerings to the user base especially on the high-end user base Actually, those users typically have better profitabilities compared to the low-end user base. actually those users typically have better profitabilities compared to the low-end user base We don't foresee any negative EBITDA impact from these services. we don't foresee any negative ebitda impact from these services Rather, on the other side, we do believe this will give us better profitability in our businesses as we grow it. rather on the other side we do believe this will give us better profitability in our businesses as we grow it Obviously, there's a delivery cost. obviously there's a delivery cost For instance, of course, the actual cost is slightly higher, but typically for those segments, people have a better acceptance for how much they're willing to pay for these functional services. Regarding the EBITDA margin, there is a slight fluctuation in EBITDA margin, as you can see from Q4 last year to Q1 this year to Q2 this year. I think there is a lot of seasonality involved in this. Q1 is an exceptional quarter, which is the first year in our business history that Ramadan for Indonesia and Malaysia is especially forced into Q1, and the holiday forced into Q2. That has a big seasonal impact for the businesses impacting EBITDA meaningfully. Going forward, we do expect a long-term trend of EBITDA margin will continue to improve, although again, there might be seasonal fluctuation quarter to quarter, but the general trend will stay. For instance, of course, the actual cost is slightly higher, but typically for those segments, people have a better acceptance for how much they're willing to pay for these functional services. for instance of course the actual cost is slightly higher but typically for those segments people have a better acceptance for how much they're willing to pay for these functional services Regarding the EBITDA margin, there is a slight fluctuation in EBITDA margin, as you can see from Q4 last year to Q1 this year to Q2 this year. regarding the ebitda margin there is a slight fluctuation in ebitda margin as you can see from q4 last year to q1 this year to q2 this year I think there is a lot of seasonality involved in this. i think there is a lot of seasonality involved in this Q1 is an exceptional quarter, which is the first year in our business history that Ramadan for Indonesia and Malaysia is especially forced into Q1, and the holiday forced into Q2. q1 is an exceptional quarter which is the first year in our business history that ramadan for indonesia and malaysia is especially forced into q1 and the holiday forced into q2 That has a big seasonal impact for the businesses impacting EBITDA meaningfully. that has a big seasonal impact for the businesses impacting ebitda meaningfully Going forward, we do expect a long-term trend of EBITDA margin will continue to improve, although again, there might be seasonal fluctuation quarter to quarter, but the general trend will stay. going forward we do expect a long-term trend of ebitda margin will continue to improve although again there might be seasonal fluctuation quarter to quarter but the general trend will stay

Speaker 8: Your next question comes from the line of Alicia Yap of Citigroup. Your line is now open. Your next question comes from the line of Alicia Yap of Citigroup. your next question comes from the line of alicia yap of citigroup Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 9: Thank you. Good evening, management. Thanks for taking my questions. Congrats on the solid results. I have a follow-up on the competitive landscape in Brazil. I understand we talk about the melee impact is limited, but how should we think about the newcomer, for example, the Temu and also TikTok Shop in Brazil, if you can comment on that? Just curious, what is the current percentage contribution from the higher ticket items currently in Brazil? The second question is on the gaming. Given the increased booking guidance for this year, just wondering, is it mainly because of the outperformance of the Free Fire, or you actually will expect a higher contribution from the new games? Thank you. Thank you. thank you Good evening, management. good evening management Thanks for taking my questions. thanks for taking my questions Congrats on the solid results. congrats on the solid results I have a follow-up on the competitive landscape in Brazil. i have a follow-up on the competitive landscape in brazil I understand we talk about the melee impact is limited, but how should we think about the newcomer, for example, the Temu and also TikTok Shop in Brazil, if you can comment on that? i understand we talk about the melee impact is limited but how should we think about the newcomer for example the temu and also tiktok shop in brazil if you can comment on that Just curious, what is the current percentage contribution from the higher ticket items currently in Brazil? just curious what is the current percentage contribution from the higher ticket items currently in brazil The second question is on the gaming. the second question is on the gaming Given the increased booking guidance for this year, just wondering, is it mainly because of the outperformance of the Free Fire, or you actually will expect a higher contribution from the new games? given the increased booking guidance for this year just wondering is it mainly because of the outperformance of the free fire or you actually will expect a higher contribution from the new games Thank you. thank you

Speaker 10: I think for Brazil, cross-border for Brazil has been relatively a smaller percentage due to the tech structure. Temu has remained to be a relatively smaller player in the market so far. We'll observe how this evolves over time. For TikTok Shop, it just started. Again, the amount of orders, the size of orders is still relatively small in the market. We will continue to observe. We have been quite familiar with their businesses. Brazil is a quite different market compared to Asia. I think it's something we will observe, but structure-wise, we don't see any fundamental change to the market structure that will impact our view on the market or change our trajectory of the growth in the market so far. I think for Brazil, cross-border for Brazil has been relatively a smaller percentage due to the tech structure. i think for brazil cross-border for brazil has been relatively a smaller percentage due to the tech structure Temu has remained to be a relatively smaller player in the market so far. temu has remained to be a relatively smaller player in the market so far We'll observe how this evolves over time. we'll observe how this evolves over time For TikTok Shop, it just started. for tiktok shop it just started Again, the amount of orders, the size of orders is still relatively small in the market. again the amount of orders the size of orders is still relatively small in the market We will continue to observe. we will continue to observe We have been quite familiar with their businesses. we have been quite familiar with their businesses Brazil is a quite different market compared to Asia. brazil is a quite different market compared to asia I think it's something we will observe, but structure-wise, we don't see any fundamental change to the market structure that will impact our view on the market or change our trajectory of the growth in the market so far. i think it's something we will observe but structure-wise we don't see any fundamental change to the market structure that will impact our view on the market or change our trajectory of the growth in the market so far Just to reiterate, if you look at e-commerce businesses, the fundamental businesses we are focusing on is to make sure our cost is right, we can serve our customers well through our logistics, and making sure our pricing is right for the market. There will be a long-term mode that we can build for the market. For the second question, it depends on the high ticket item. It depends on how you define what is a high ticket item. I think if you look at our mall segment of Brazil, which is probably one of the population you can look at, it's in the range of teams. If you even compare to the Asian market, there is a meaningful room we can grow from there. Just to reiterate, if you look at e-commerce businesses, the fundamental businesses we are focusing on is to make sure our cost is right, we can serve our customers well through our logistics, and making sure our pricing is right for the market. just to reiterate if you look at e-commerce businesses the fundamental businesses we are focusing on is to make sure our cost is right we can serve our customers well through our logistics and making sure our pricing is right for the market There will be a long-term mode that we can build for the market. there will be a long-term mode that we can build for the market For the second question, it depends on the high ticket item. for the second question it depends on the high ticket item It depends on how you define what is a high ticket item. it depends on how you define what is a high ticket item I think if you look at our mall segment of Brazil, which is probably one of the population you can look at, it's in the range of teams. i think if you look at our mall segment of brazil which is probably one of the population you can look at it's in the range of teams If you even compare to the Asian market, there is a meaningful room we can grow from there. if you even compare to the asian market there is a meaningful room we can grow from there In the long term, I do believe that the penetration of more businesses in Brazil should be higher than in Asia, given the GDP per capita and income gaps versus our Asian market. In the long term, I do believe that the penetration of more businesses in Brazil should be higher than in Asia, given the GDP per capita and income gaps versus our Asian market. in the long term i do believe that the penetration of more businesses in brazil should be higher than in asia given the gdp per capita and income gaps versus our asian market

Speaker 2: Hi, Alicia, on your question for Garena, the recent guidance in terms of the bookings and considering the scale and the size of Free Fire. The main driver will be still Free Fire for this revised app guidance. We feel very excited. I think, as I shared in my remark, we see a very, very strong momentum of growth across all the metrics for Free Fire. In Q2, we launched a new map. This is the first new map actually we have launched in the past three years. It has been a tremendous effort behind it. There is a very sizable developer team across different countries. This is the result of their two years of hard work. It is very, very well received by the gamers, both the new gamers and the old gamers. Hi, Alicia, on your question for Garena, the recent guidance in terms of the bookings and considering the scale and the size of Free Fire. hi alicia on your question for garena the recent guidance in terms of the bookings and considering the scale and the size of free fire The main driver will be still Free Fire for this revised app guidance. the main driver will be still free fire for this revised app guidance We feel very excited. we feel very excited I think, as I shared in my remark, we see a very, very strong momentum of growth across all the metrics for Free Fire. i think as i shared in my remark we see a very very strong momentum of growth across all the metrics for free fire In Q2, we launched a new map. in q2 we launched a new map This is the first new map actually we have launched in the past three years. this is the first new map actually we have launched in the past three years It has been a tremendous effort behind it. it has been a tremendous effort behind it There is a very sizable developer team across different countries. there is a very sizable developer team across different countries This is the result of their two years of hard work. this is the result of their two years of hard work It is very, very well received by the gamers, both the new gamers and the old gamers. it is very very well received by the gamers both the new gamers and the old gamers We do focus on both the new gamer boarding experience and, at the same time, the retention and engagement with our veteran gamers. The confidence also comes from some collaboration, IP collaboration we mentioned in Q3, specifically Netflix Great Game and Naruto Chapter 2. We have a very, very exciting and promising result from these IP collaborations in Q1, as we shared last quarter. This is kind of like another new episode of those IP collaborations. We learned a lot, and we have done great, but we also see things we can even do better. We fine-tune our collaborations. So far, we have seen great results from the IP collaborations. I think that gives us the confidence of the four-year outlook of Garena. We do focus on both the new gamer boarding experience and, at the same time, the retention and engagement with our veteran gamers. we do focus on both the new gamer boarding experience and at the same time the retention and engagement with our veteran gamers The confidence also comes from some collaboration, IP collaboration we mentioned in Q3, specifically Netflix Great Game and Naruto Chapter 2. the confidence also comes from some collaboration ip collaboration we mentioned in q3 specifically netflix great game and naruto chapter 2 We have a very, very exciting and promising result from these IP collaborations in Q1, as we shared last quarter. we have a very very exciting and promising result from these ip collaborations in q1 as we shared last quarter This is kind of like another new episode of those IP collaborations. this is kind of like another new episode of those ip collaborations We learned a lot, and we have done great, but we also see things we can even do better. we learned a lot and we have done great but we also see things we can even do better We fine-tune our collaborations. we fine-tune our collaborations So far, we have seen great results from the IP collaborations. so far we have seen great results from the ip collaborations I think that gives us the confidence of the four-year outlook of Garena. i think that gives us the confidence of the four-year outlook of garena

Speaker 8: Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Divya Kothiyal of Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open. Thank you. thank you Your next question comes from the line of Divya Kothiyal of Morgan Stanley. your next question comes from the line of divya kothiyal of morgan stanley Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 1: Thank you very much. My first question is on e-commerce. Could you talk about the upside to take rates from here on beyond advertising? Could you also maybe discuss what the seller response has been to the rising commissions in ASEAN, and how does that impact the overall competitive landscape? My second question is on fintech, specifically for Brazil, because you mentioned that that has also started growing quite robustly in this quarter. Could you talk about your strategy of ramping up fintech in Brazil? Where is the BNPL penetration now, and how fast do you expect it to grow? If you can maybe point out some differences between the way it should ramp up in Brazil versus how you've been able to grow the business in ASEAN. Thanks. Thank you very much. thank you very much My first question is on e-commerce. my first question is on e-commerce Could you talk about the upside to take rates from here on beyond advertising? could you talk about the upside to take rates from here on beyond advertising Could you also maybe discuss what the seller response has been to the rising commissions in ASEAN, and how does that impact the overall competitive landscape? could you also maybe discuss what the seller response has been to the rising commissions in asean and how does that impact the overall competitive landscape My second question is on fintech, specifically for Brazil, because you mentioned that that has also started growing quite robustly in this quarter. my second question is on fintech specifically for brazil because you mentioned that that has also started growing quite robustly in this quarter Could you talk about your strategy of ramping up fintech in Brazil? could you talk about your strategy of ramping up fintech in brazil Where is the BNPL penetration now, and how fast do you expect it to grow? where is the bnpl penetration now and how fast do you expect it to grow If you can maybe point out some differences between the way it should ramp up in Brazil versus how you've been able to grow the business in ASEAN. if you can maybe point out some differences between the way it should ramp up in brazil versus how you've been able to grow the business in asean Thanks. thanks

Speaker 10: On the take rate side, obviously, as we shared in the opening, we see that it's still a strong potential on the app side through technology improvement and also a better product that we roll out to the sellers. I think beyond the commissions, as you already pointed out, we did some adjustments in the past quarter on the take rate on the seller side. Overall, we have been seeing a relatively calm response from the ecosystem. I think the key thing that you will be looking at is how the pricing structure will change in the ecosystem in response to the take rate change, which is a good barometer to ensure the health of the ecosystem. We've been seeing a relatively expected response on the pricing side. We didn't see any particular seller dropout system, etc. On the take rate side, obviously, as we shared in the opening, we see that it's still a strong potential on the app side through technology improvement and also a better product that we roll out to the sellers. on the take rate side obviously as we shared in the opening we see that it's still a strong potential on the app side through technology improvement and also a better product that we roll out to the sellers I think beyond the commissions, as you already pointed out, we did some adjustments in the past quarter on the take rate on the seller side. i think beyond the commissions as you already pointed out we did some adjustments in the past quarter on the take rate on the seller side Overall, we have been seeing a relatively calm response from the ecosystem. overall we have been seeing a relatively calm response from the ecosystem I think the key thing that you will be looking at is how the pricing structure will change in the ecosystem in response to the take rate change, which is a good barometer to ensure the health of the ecosystem. i think the key thing that you will be looking at is how the pricing structure will change in the ecosystem in response to the take rate change which is a good barometer to ensure the health of the ecosystem We've been seeing a relatively expected response on the pricing side. we've been seeing a relatively expected response on the pricing side We didn't see any particular seller dropout system, etc. we didn't see any particular seller dropout system etc I think from all the indicators that I think we've been getting a reasonable response, a calm response from the ecosystem. At the same time, we're able to reinvest some of the take rate back to the ecosystem, which is very well received by both the merchant on the seller side and on the buyer side. On the competitive side of this, as you probably can observe, that relatively healthy competitive ecosystem, we've observed that some of the competitors also increase their take rates. In fact, some of them copy exactly the same thing as we did as well in certain markets. We're less kind of worried from that front. On the second question regarding the Brazil digital finance part of the services, we do see Brazil as a very important market for us on the digital finance side. I think from all the indicators that I think we've been getting a reasonable response, a calm response from the ecosystem. i think from all the indicators that i think we've been getting a reasonable response a calm response from the ecosystem At the same time, we're able to reinvest some of the take rate back to the ecosystem, which is very well received by both the merchant on the seller side and on the buyer side. at the same time we're able to reinvest some of the take rate back to the ecosystem which is very well received by both the merchant on the seller side and on the buyer side On the competitive side of this, as you probably can observe, that relatively healthy competitive ecosystem, we've observed that some of the competitors also increase their take rates. on the competitive side of this as you probably can observe that relatively healthy competitive ecosystem we've observed that some of the competitors also increase their take rates In fact, some of them copy exactly the same thing as we did as well in certain markets. in fact some of them copy exactly the same thing as we did as well in certain markets We're less kind of worried from that front. we're less kind of worried from that front On the second question regarding the Brazil digital finance part of the services, we do see Brazil as a very important market for us on the digital finance side. on the second question regarding the brazil digital finance part of the services we do see brazil as a very important market for us on the digital finance side We have seen very good growth on the loan books in the second quarter. Our active user for loans grows two times year to year. Our outstanding in Brazil also grows more than two times year to year. One of the key things we did, I think we shared in the last earnings call, is we combined the personal cash loan and SPayLater limits to one limit, which is different from how we operate in Asia. We also integrate more external data to our risk assessment system compared to Asia. This is because in Brazil, there are more external data available compared to Asia in the market. We also have better integration between our money product offering and the Shopee product offerings. All this enables us to grow our loan book quite meaningfully and reduce our risk in the market. We have seen very good growth on the loan books in the second quarter. we have seen very good growth on the loan books in the second quarter Our active user for loans grows two times year to year. our active user for loans grows two times year to year Our outstanding in Brazil also grows more than two times year to year. our outstanding in brazil also grows more than two times year to year One of the key things we did, I think we shared in the last earnings call, is we combined the personal cash loan and SPayLater limits to one limit, which is different from how we operate in Asia. one of the key things we did i think we shared in the last earnings call is we combined the personal cash loan and spaylater limits to one limit which is different from how we operate in asia We also integrate more external data to our risk assessment system compared to Asia. we also integrate more external data to our risk assessment system compared to asia This is because in Brazil, there are more external data available compared to Asia in the market. this is because in brazil there are more external data available compared to asia in the market We also have better integration between our money product offering and the Shopee product offerings. we also have better integration between our money product offering and the shopee product offerings All this enables us to grow our loan book quite meaningfully and reduce our risk in the market. all this enables us to grow our loan book quite meaningfully and reduce our risk in the market On top of that, just to share a little bit on Brazil as well, we do acquire SE license, and we also get initial approval for SAFI license, which will enable us to have better funding sources in the future. In fact, we have formed partnerships with some external lenders already to support the lending fund in the Brazil market. In general, I think we are very optimistic about the potential upside on the digital finance services in Brazil. I think we are still in a very early stage compared to Asia in terms of the growth trajectories. The penetration of SPayLater on the Shopee side is still around the single-digit to double-digit range. If you compare it to Asia, we still have a very large room to grow, and our personal loans are still very early stage. On top of that, just to share a little bit on Brazil as well, we do acquire SE license, and we also get initial approval for SAFI license, which will enable us to have better funding sources in the future. on top of that just to share a little bit on brazil as well we do acquire se license and we also get initial approval for safi license which will enable us to have better funding sources in the future In fact, we have formed partnerships with some external lenders already to support the lending fund in the Brazil market. in fact we have formed partnerships with some external lenders already to support the lending fund in the brazil market In general, I think we are very optimistic about the potential upside on the digital finance services in Brazil. in general i think we are very optimistic about the potential upside on the digital finance services in brazil I think we are still in a very early stage compared to Asia in terms of the growth trajectories. i think we are still in a very early stage compared to asia in terms of the growth trajectories The penetration of SPayLater on the Shopee side is still around the single-digit to double-digit range. the penetration of spaylater on the shopee side is still around the single-digit to double-digit range If you compare it to Asia, we still have a very large room to grow, and our personal loans are still very early stage. if you compare it to asia we still have a very large room to grow and our personal loans are still very early stage We have many other products in the pipeline to be rolled out to the market. We have many other products in the pipeline to be rolled out to the market. we have many other products in the pipeline to be rolled out to the market

Speaker 8: Thank you very much. Question comes from the line of John Choi of Daiwa. Your line is now open. Thank you very much. thank you very much Question comes from the line of John Choi of Daiwa. question comes from the line of john choi of daiwa Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 11: Thanks for taking my question. My first question is about advertising take rate. I mean, this quarter, obviously, 70 basis points meaningful improvement. Can you kind of share how much more upside that you see? I know that we've been implementing quite a bit of ad tech, and you guys also shared some metrics about ad products rose, a number of sellers that are using this quarter by 20%, etc. In terms of the users or the advertisers, how much more conversion do you think you could expect? That's my first question. The second question is on Brazil right now. I think you mentioned, I think the delivery has improved substantially to 20%, 40%, as you mentioned. What kind of investments do we have to do furthermore in order to further improve? Thanks for taking my question. thanks for taking my question My first question is about advertising take rate. my first question is about advertising take rate I mean, this quarter, obviously, 70 basis points meaningful improvement. i mean this quarter obviously 70 basis points meaningful improvement Can you kind of share how much more upside that you see? can you kind of share how much more upside that you see I know that we've been implementing quite a bit of ad tech, and you guys also shared some metrics about ad products rose, a number of sellers that are using this quarter by 20%, etc. In terms of the users or the advertisers, how much more conversion do you think you could expect? i know that we've been implementing quite a bit of ad tech and you guys also shared some metrics about ad products rose a number of sellers that are using this quarter by 20% etc in terms of the users or the advertisers how much more conversion do you think you could expect That's my first question. that's my first question The second question is on Brazil right now. the second question is on brazil right now I think you mentioned, I think the delivery has improved substantially to 20%, 40%, as you mentioned. i think you mentioned i think the delivery has improved substantially to 20% 40% as you mentioned What kind of investments do we have to do furthermore in order to further improve? what kind of investments do we have to do furthermore in order to further improve Would that be able to improve our profitability, I mean, the EBITDA margin along the way, or is it going to be kind of a prudent approach trying to balance investment and also profitability in the Brazil market? Thank you. Would that be able to improve our profitability, I mean, the EBITDA margin along the way, or is it going to be kind of a prudent approach trying to balance investment and also profitability in the Brazil market? would that be able to improve our profitability i mean the ebitda margin along the way or is it going to be kind of a prudent approach trying to balance investment and also profitability in the brazil market Thank you. thank you

Speaker 10: On the ad side, there are two main drivers for the ad tech rate. One is we have a better traffic allocation algorithm between the ads and organics. We are able to mix the ad slot and the organic slot in a more efficient way, which will improve how much we can essentially improve the conversion rate of the ads' placement, which will improve the return on investment from the sellers so we can essentially cater for more seller demand on ads. I think that's number one. Number two is we have a better seller-facing product. We roll out GMV Max, which helps the seller to automatically allocate the ad spend more efficiently and maximize the ROI. We also simplify a lot more ad setup UIs to more and more sellers. I think all this helps to achieve essentially the better take rate. On the ad side, there are two main drivers for the ad tech rate. on the ad side there are two main drivers for the ad tech rate One is we have a better traffic allocation algorithm between the ads and organics. one is we have a better traffic allocation algorithm between the ads and organics We are able to mix the ad slot and the organic slot in a more efficient way, which will improve how much we can essentially improve the conversion rate of the ads' placement, which will improve the return on investment from the sellers so we can essentially cater for more seller demand on ads. we are able to mix the ad slot and the organic slot in a more efficient way which will improve how much we can essentially improve the conversion rate of the ads' placement which will improve the return on investment from the sellers so we can essentially cater for more seller demand on ads I think that's number one. i think that's number one Number two is we have a better seller-facing product. number two is we have a better seller-facing product We roll out GMV Max, which helps the seller to automatically allocate the ad spend more efficiently and maximize the ROI. we roll out gmv max which helps the seller to automatically allocate the ad spend more efficiently and maximize the roi We also simplify a lot more ad setup UIs to more and more sellers. we also simplify a lot more ad setup uis to more and more sellers I think all this helps to achieve essentially the better take rate. i think all this helps to achieve essentially the better take rate As you can see, we increase both how many sellers are involved in the ads product. We have a 20% increase in the active ad sellers. We also have a 40% rise in the ads revenue per seller. We are improving on both sides in terms of the seller and the number of sellers and the revenue per seller. Going forward, we do see still a meaningful improvement on the ad tech rate improvement because number one is our products are still rolling out to more and more sellers. That is just simply, you know, there are more sellers joining the new product. I think number two is we still see a very good potential on using, especially AI technology, on improving our algorithms on how to improve our conversion better. There are a few experiments we're running, which yield pretty good results so far. As you can see, we increase both how many sellers are involved in the ads product. as you can see we increase both how many sellers are involved in the ads product We have a 20% increase in the active ad sellers. we have a 20% increase in the active ad sellers We also have a 40% rise in the ads revenue per seller. we also have a 40% rise in the ads revenue per seller We are improving on both sides in terms of the seller and the number of sellers and the revenue per seller. we are improving on both sides in terms of the seller and the number of sellers and the revenue per seller Going forward, we do see still a meaningful improvement on the ad tech rate improvement because number one is our products are still rolling out to more and more sellers. going forward we do see still a meaningful improvement on the ad tech rate improvement because number one is our products are still rolling out to more and more sellers That is just simply, you know, there are more sellers joining the new product. that is just simply you know there are more sellers joining the new product I think number two is we still see a very good potential on using, especially AI technology, on improving our algorithms on how to improve our conversion better. i think number two is we still see a very good potential on using especially ai technology on improving our algorithms on how to improve our conversion better There are a few experiments we're running, which yield pretty good results so far. there are a few experiments we're running which yield pretty good results so far Some of them will be rolled out in the later part of the year, which will hopefully give us a meaningful improvement on the take rate. I think the improvement on the ad tech rate, I think it will be ongoing for a period of time. I think it will not finish this quarter. I think in the next few quarters, you will see the number as we go. On the second question on Brazil, regarding the investment in Brazil, in general, our logistics service has been relatively less CapEx heavy. We don't buy land. We don't buy our own trucks, even in Brazil. The majority of the investment in terms of CapEx is, number one, our sorting machines, our automatic sorting machines in our sorting center. Number two is just setting up the delivery hubs across the countries. Some of them will be rolled out in the later part of the year, which will hopefully give us a meaningful improvement on the take rate. some of them will be rolled out in the later part of the year which will hopefully give us a meaningful improvement on the take rate I think the improvement on the ad tech rate, I think it will be ongoing for a period of time. i think the improvement on the ad tech rate i think it will be ongoing for a period of time I think it will not finish this quarter. i think it will not finish this quarter I think in the next few quarters, you will see the number as we go. i think in the next few quarters you will see the number as we go On the second question on Brazil, regarding the investment in Brazil, in general, our logistics service has been relatively less CapEx heavy. on the second question on brazil regarding the investment in brazil in general our logistics service has been relatively less capex heavy We don't buy land. we don't buy land We don't buy our own trucks, even in Brazil. we don't buy our own trucks even in brazil The majority of the investment in terms of CapEx is, number one, our sorting machines, our automatic sorting machines in our sorting center. the majority of the investment in terms of capex is number one our sorting machines our automatic sorting machines in our sorting center Number two is just setting up the delivery hubs across the countries. number two is just setting up the delivery hubs across the countries It will not give us a big, I guess, a profitability burden in general. In fact, as we expand more and more SPX coverage and improve the efficiency more and more, this will help us on the EBITDA in Brazil. Actually, this trend has been ongoing for a period of time. If you track our path, we have been profitable in Brazil since a few quarters ago, and we are still profitable in Brazil, even with growth in such high speed for the market. It will not give us a big, I guess, a profitability burden in general. it will not give us a big i guess a profitability burden in general In fact, as we expand more and more SPX coverage and improve the efficiency more and more, this will help us on the EBITDA in Brazil. in fact as we expand more and more spx coverage and improve the efficiency more and more this will help us on the ebitda in brazil Actually, this trend has been ongoing for a period of time. actually this trend has been ongoing for a period of time If you track our path, we have been profitable in Brazil since a few quarters ago, and we are still profitable in Brazil, even with growth in such high speed for the market. if you track our path we have been profitable in brazil since a few quarters ago and we are still profitable in brazil even with growth in such high speed for the market

Speaker 8: Next question comes from the line of Jiong Shao of Barclays. Your line is now open. Next question comes from the line of Jiong Shao of Barclays. next question comes from the line of jiong shao of barclays Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 6: Thank you very much for taking my questions, and congrats first on the very strong results. I have two follow-ups. One is just on the ads. I think Chris just talked about some of the elements for ads. I was wondering, what's the current take rate now for the ads? I recall a few quarters ago, you talked about a longer or medium to long-term target of 4%-5%. I just want to check in to see if that remains the case. The second question is about AI. I think both Forrest and Chris talked about using AI to improve the ad tech and, among other things, for your internal operations. Could you expand a bit on your thoughts outside of using AI, improving your internal efficiency? Thank you very much for taking my questions, and congrats first on the very strong results. thank you very much for taking my questions and congrats first on the very strong results I have two follow-ups. i have two follow-ups One is just on the ads. one is just on the ads I think Chris just talked about some of the elements for ads. i think chris just talked about some of the elements for ads I was wondering, what's the current take rate now for the ads? i was wondering what's the current take rate now for the ads I recall a few quarters ago, you talked about a longer or medium to long-term target of 4% - 5%. i recall a few quarters ago you talked about a longer or medium to long-term target of 4% - 5% I just want to check in to see if that remains the case. i just want to check in to see if that remains the case The second question is about AI. the second question is about ai I think both Forrest and Chris talked about using AI to improve the ad tech and, among other things, for your internal operations. i think both forrest and chris talked about using ai to improve the ad tech and among other things for your internal operations Could you expand a bit on your thoughts outside of using AI, improving your internal efficiency? could you expand a bit on your thoughts outside of using ai improving your internal efficiency The reason I'm asking is that one of your e-commerce peers in Asia recently, for example, started to expand their cloud services to external customers. Since on those lines, think about what are some potential other businesses that can go beyond your core businesses by using AI. Thank you so much. The reason I'm asking is that one of your e-commerce peers in Asia recently, for example, started to expand their cloud services to external customers. the reason i'm asking is that one of your e-commerce peers in asia recently for example started to expand their cloud services to external customers Since on those lines, think about what are some potential other businesses that can go beyond your core businesses by using AI. since on those lines think about what are some potential other businesses that can go beyond your core businesses by using ai Thank you so much. thank you so much

Speaker 10: For the ad tech rate, our current ad tech rate is still well below the peers you have seen in the region. We are probably around 2% as we are. As you already pointed out, I think there is quite a sizable room we can grow over time. On the AI side, I think, as we shared on a few occasions, we use AI at this point in time for two main purposes. One is to improve our current businesses across all different dimensions. For example, we talked about the ad improvement just now. We also use AI a lot in our general recommendations, and this improves our conversion rate quite a lot. By understanding user intention better, by understanding the buyer's query better, we also spend a lot of effort on the AIGC initiatives that can generate a lot more attractive pictures for the product descriptions. For the ad tech rate, our current ad tech rate is still well below the peers you have seen in the region. for the ad tech rate our current ad tech rate is still well below the peers you have seen in the region We are probably around 2% as we are. we are probably around 2% as we are As you already pointed out, I think there is quite a sizable room we can grow over time. as you already pointed out i think there is quite a sizable room we can grow over time On the AI side, I think, as we shared on a few occasions, we use AI at this point in time for two main purposes. on the ai side i think as we shared on a few occasions we use ai at this point in time for two main purposes One is to improve our current businesses across all different dimensions. one is to improve our current businesses across all different dimensions For example, we talked about the ad improvement just now. for example we talked about the ad improvement just now We also use AI a lot in our general recommendations, and this improves our conversion rate quite a lot. we also use ai a lot in our general recommendations and this improves our conversion rate quite a lot By understanding user intention better, by understanding the buyer's query better, we also spend a lot of effort on the AIGC initiatives that can generate a lot more attractive pictures for the product descriptions. by understanding user intention better by understanding the buyer's query better we also spend a lot of effort on the aigc initiatives that can generate a lot more attractive pictures for the product descriptions We also auto-generate many of the video products to help the conversion of our sellers. On the customer interaction side, our customer service chatbot is 80% managed by AI agents. We're also helping the seller to interact with the buyers through the CS chat by agent as well, not only reducing the cost for the sellers, but also improving the upselling potential for the sellers while talking to the buyers. We have many initiatives like that across our businesses just to make our business better. That's the first type of category. The second type is to improve our internal operations. For example, obviously, the product development side, but also many of our daily operations. For example, if you look at the way we run our marketing campaigns, a lot of marketing campaigns are very automated right now through AI tools. We also auto-generate many of the video products to help the conversion of our sellers. we also auto-generate many of the video products to help the conversion of our sellers On the customer interaction side, our customer service chatbot is 80% managed by AI agents. on the customer interaction side our customer service chatbot is 80% managed by ai agents We're also helping the seller to interact with the buyers through the CS chat by agent as well, not only reducing the cost for the sellers, but also improving the upselling potential for the sellers while talking to the buyers. we're also helping the seller to interact with the buyers through the cs chat by agent as well not only reducing the cost for the sellers but also improving the upselling potential for the sellers while talking to the buyers We have many initiatives like that across our businesses just to make our business better. we have many initiatives like that across our businesses just to make our business better That's the first type of category. that's the first type of category The second type is to improve our internal operations. the second type is to improve our internal operations For example, obviously, the product development side, but also many of our daily operations. for example obviously the product development side but also many of our daily operations For example, if you look at the way we run our marketing campaigns, a lot of marketing campaigns are very automated right now through AI tools. for example if you look at the way we run our marketing campaigns a lot of marketing campaigns are very automated right now through ai tools Many of the processes to process the payments are AI-enabled through the agent, etc. I think, obviously, we are actively looking at what are the potential businesses we can expand from the AI evolutions. At this point in time, there's no particular concrete business yet. Many of the processes to process the payments are AI-enabled through the agent, etc. I think, obviously, we are actively looking at what are the potential businesses we can expand from the AI evolutions. many of the processes to process the payments are ai-enabled through the agent etc i think obviously we are actively looking at what are the potential businesses we can expand from the ai evolutions At this point in time, there's no particular concrete business yet. at this point in time there's no particular concrete business yet

Speaker 8: Question comes from the line of Thomas Chong of Jefferies. Your line is now open. Question comes from the line of Thomas Chong of Jefferies. question comes from the line of thomas chong of jefferies Your line is now open. your line is now open

Speaker 7: Hi, good evening. Thanks, management, for taking my questions, and congratulations on a very strong set of results. My question is about the gaming business. Can management comment about, other than the success of Free Fire, how are other games performed like Delta Force? On the other hand, how does AI actually benefit the gaming business in driving the time span, the monetization, et cetera? Thank you. Hi, good evening. hi good evening Thanks, management, for taking my questions, and congratulations on a very strong set of results. thanks management for taking my questions and congratulations on a very strong set of results My question is about the gaming business. my question is about the gaming business Can management comment about, other than the success of Free Fire, how are other games performed like Delta Force? can management comment about other than the success of free fire how are other games performed like delta force On the other hand, how does AI actually benefit the gaming business in driving the time span, the monetization, et cetera? on the other hand how does ai actually benefit the gaming business in driving the time span the monetization et cetera Thank you. thank you

Speaker 10: Sure. Thanks, Thomas. For, like, we, I mean, as a philosophy, we always want to not only continually make Free Fire more engaging, attractive games, but we also focus on a new game. We do see a lot of opportunities in the different genres and the different markets. I think it's a, but I will say, I think that at this moment, even we see some promising results, and I think it's a, like, the game, like a Delta Force or like a Free City, is still at an early stage. I think it's a, like, we still kind of like a fine-tuned stage, rather than saying, okay, this will be another fantastic big hit for us. We'll keep our investors updated when we continually see, I think it's still we're fine-tuning the product, although for some of them, we see some initial attraction. Sure. sure Thanks, Thomas. thanks thomas For, like, we, I mean, as a philosophy, we always want to not only continually make Free Fire more engaging, attractive games, but we also focus on a new game. for like we i mean as a philosophy we always want to not only continually make free fire more engaging attractive games but we also focus on a new game We do see a lot of opportunities in the different genres and the different markets. we do see a lot of opportunities in the different genres and the different markets I think it's a, but I will say, I think that at this moment, even we see some promising results, and I think it's a, like, the game, like a Delta Force or like a Free City, is still at an early stage. i think it's a but i will say i think that at this moment even we see some promising results and i think it's a like the game like a delta force or like a free city is still at an early stage I think it's a, like, we still kind of like a fine-tuned stage, rather than saying, okay, this will be another fantastic big hit for us. i think it's a like we still kind of like a fine-tuned stage rather than saying okay this will be another fantastic big hit for us We'll keep our investors updated when we continually see, I think it's still we're fine-tuning the product, although for some of them, we see some initial attraction. we'll keep our investors updated when we continually see i think it's still we're fine-tuning the product although for some of them we see some initial attraction We are very, very excited about the AI perspective in the game industry. Personally, I believe the game industry will be among the first batch of industries largely benefited by the AI advancements and the technologies. So far, we have seen a lot of kind of upside on the, actually, on the development and the production side. For example, to develop any new content, new map, we need to generate a lot of original arts. Now a lot of very, very basic arts can be generated by AI. The quality is very, very decent in terms of the efficiency. The volume is generated, and the variety is generated. You can imagine it's much, much better than what humans can do. This has largely improved our productivity, and it's really, really, really exciting. We are very, very excited about the AI perspective in the game industry. we are very very excited about the ai perspective in the game industry Personally, I believe the game industry will be among the first batch of industries largely benefited by the AI advancements and the technologies. personally i believe the game industry will be among the first batch of industries largely benefited by the ai advancements and the technologies So far, we have seen a lot of kind of upside on the, actually, on the development and the production side. so far we have seen a lot of kind of upside on the actually on the development and the production side For example, to develop any new content, new map, we need to generate a lot of original arts. for example to develop any new content new map we need to generate a lot of original arts Now a lot of very, very basic arts can be generated by AI. now a lot of very very basic arts can be generated by ai The quality is very, very decent in terms of the efficiency. the quality is very very decent in terms of the efficiency The volume is generated, and the variety is generated. the volume is generated and the variety is generated You can imagine it's much, much better than what humans can do. you can imagine it's much much better than what humans can do This has largely improved our productivity, and it's really, really, really exciting. this has largely improved our productivity and it's really really really exciting As you mentioned, from the gamers' engagement perspective, there is a very, very clear opportunity we have seen in the use cases. We do believe, for example, Free Fire is a very, very social game. It's designed for team play. There's much, much more fun if you play with other players, and there's a much more combination of the strategy, the technique you can use than you play as a solo gamer. We observed in Free Fire, we still have a very, very sizable gamers who only play solo games. They enjoy it, but I think they haven't really fully experienced the amazing part of the game. Maybe because they are shy, they don't know how to reach out to other players. As you mentioned, from the gamers' engagement perspective, there is a very, very clear opportunity we have seen in the use cases. as you mentioned from the gamers' engagement perspective there is a very very clear opportunity we have seen in the use cases We do believe, for example, Free Fire is a very, very social game. we do believe for example free fire is a very very social game It's designed for team play. it's designed for team play There's much, much more fun if you play with other players, and there's a much more combination of the strategy, the technique you can use than you play as a solo gamer. there's much much more fun if you play with other players and there's a much more combination of the strategy the technique you can use than you play as a solo gamer We observed in Free Fire, we still have a very, very sizable gamers who only play solo games. we observed in free fire we still have a very very sizable gamers who only play solo games They enjoy it, but I think they haven't really fully experienced the amazing part of the game. they enjoy it but i think they haven't really fully experienced the amazing part of the game Maybe because they are shy, they don't know how to reach out to other players. maybe because they are shy they don't know how to reach out to other players As we think, like, the AI-enabled bots, it's kind of like they're, it's an AI game agent, like, as their teammates, as peers, for them to play the game together, kind of play a brother's role, a sister's role, and a coach role in the game, and give them a little bit of flavor of how this interaction will kind of feel and taste in the gameplay as an encouragement for them to reach out to play as a team rather than individuals. I think that largely helps on the retention. Furthermore, I think we are very actively experiencing and trying to figure out how to kind of leverage the generative AI to let gamers generate content rather than, okay, so now all today's game experience is preset and how the experience will look like. As we think, like, the AI-enabled bots, it's kind of like they're, it's an AI game agent, like, as their teammates, as peers, for them to play the game together, kind of play a brother's role, a sister's role, and a coach role in the game, and give them a little bit of flavor of how this interaction will kind of feel and taste in the gameplay as an encouragement for them to reach out to play as a team rather than individuals. as we think like the ai-enabled bots it's kind of like they're it's an ai game agent like as their teammates as peers for them to play the game together kind of play a brother's role a sister's role and a coach role in the game and give them a little bit of flavor of how this interaction will kind of feel and taste in the gameplay as an encouragement for them to reach out to play as a team rather than individuals I think that largely helps on the retention. i think that largely helps on the retention Furthermore, I think we are very actively experiencing and trying to figure out how to kind of leverage the generative AI to let gamers generate content rather than, okay, so now all today's game experience is preset and how the experience will look like. furthermore i think we are very actively experiencing and trying to figure out how to kind of leverage the generative ai to let gamers generate content rather than okay so now all today's game experience is preset and how the experience will look like I think with the AI tools, actually, this experience can be much more immersive and much more interactive and much more individualized. It's still an early stage because we can see some success, but we want to make sure the experience can be applied in the large scale and in a very, very consistent quality. I think that's the things we have been working on. We're sure, I think, like, this will happen sooner or later. Yeah. I think with the AI tools, actually, this experience can be much more immersive and much more interactive and much more individualized. i think with the ai tools actually this experience can be much more immersive and much more interactive and much more individualized It's still an early stage because we can see some success, but we want to make sure the experience can be applied in the large scale and in a very, very consistent quality. it's still an early stage because we can see some success but we want to make sure the experience can be applied in the large scale and in a very very consistent quality I think that's the things we have been working on. i think that's the things we have been working on We're sure, I think, like, this will happen sooner or later. we're sure i think like this will happen sooner or later Yeah. yeah

Speaker 8: Thank you. This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Mr. Casey Ong for any closing remarks. Thank you. thank you This concludes our question-and-answer session. this concludes our question-and-answer session I would like to turn the conference back over to Mr. Casey Ong for any closing remarks. i would like to turn the conference back over to mr casey ong for any closing remarks

Speaker 5: Thank you all for joining today's call. We look forward to speaking to all of you again next quarter. Thank you all for joining today's call. thank you all for joining today's call We look forward to speaking to all of you again next quarter. we look forward to speaking to all of you again next quarter

Speaker 8: The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect. The conference is now concluded. the conference is now concluded Thank you for attending today's presentation. thank you for attending today's presentation You may now disconnect. you may now disconnect