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RAMELIUS RESOURCES LIMITED — M&A Activity 2026
Jun 29, 2026
65718_rns_2026-06-28_a8eb52a9-e105-4f96-a4eb-65860366c7dd.pdf
M&A Activity
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FORRESTANIA RESOURCES
Forrestania Resources Ltd
Suite 1, 295 Rokeby Road
Subiaco WA 6008
Phone +61 8 6555 2950
[email protected]
ASX: FRS
ACN 647 899 698
forrestaniaresources.com.au
29 June 2026
ASX RELEASE
Acquisition of Edna May Gold Project
Highlights:
- Forrestania has agreed to acquire 100% of the Edna May Gold Hub from Ramelius Resources Limited, including the 2.9Mtpa¹ Edna May Mill, associated infrastructure and existing 945koz² Au JORC Mineral Resource
- Total acquisition consideration of A$300 million, comprising:
- A$200 million cash³; and
- A$100 million in Forrestania shares.
- Acquisition complements Forrestania's existing Lake Johnston processing hub which is currently undergoing refurbishment and advances its disciplined consolidation strategy focused on securing high-quality, advanced, permitted and synergistic gold assets
- Forrestania targeting restart of Edna May Mill in 1H 2027 with Forrestania to supply Edna May with ore from its existing proximate Mineral Resources prior to assessing any potential longer-term restart of mining operations at Edna May
- Capital raising underway to raise funds to complete the acquisition
Forrestania's Chairman David Geraghty commented:
"This transaction upholds Forrestania's strategy to consolidate the proven and prospective gold assets in the Forrestania region. Approximately 12 months ago, Forrestania embarked on an aggressive M&A strategy to consolidate stranded high-quality gold assets and underexplored tenure surrounding Edna May. This strategy has been incredibly successful and set Forrestania up for today's acquisition.
Forrestania believes it has the proven development and delivery team that is ready to refurbish, upgrade and commission the 2.9Mtpa Edna May Mill going forward. This work will be completed in conjunction with Forrestania's commissioning of Lake Johnston which is on-track for late 2026. Forrestania is at an exciting juncture as it now has the growing resource base and the processing infrastructure to deliver on its gold production strategy."
¹ Targeted capacity post refurbishment and upgrades and upon completion of the Transaction.
² See Appendix A and Ramelius' ASX release, "Resources & Reserves Statement 2025", 1 October 2025.
³ Comprising an A$20m deposit and A$180m payable on completion. Forrestania may elect to increase the cash component and reduce the shares issued following completion of the capital raising.
Page 1
Forrestania Resources Limited (FRS:ASX) (“FRS” or “the Company”) is pleased to announce that it has entered into a binding agreement with Ramelius Resources Limited (“Ramelius” or “RMS”) to acquire its 100% interest in the Edna May Gold Hub (“Edna May”) for total consideration of A$300 million (the “Transaction”) comprising:
- a minimum of A$200 million cash⁴; and
- up to A$100 million in Forrestania shares on completion⁵
- Upon completion, Ramelius to become a substantial shareholder in Forrestania (escrowed for 18 months)
Following completion of the current capital raising, Forrestania can elect to increase the cash component of the consideration and reduce the number of shares issued by notice to Ramelius.
The Transaction comprises Ramelius’ 100% owned Edna May Gold Mine, associated infrastructure including a 2.9Mtpa processing plant and associated tenements, 100% owned Tampia and Symes tenements, and 4 other tenements (3 of which are 75% owned, and 1 of which is 100% owned).
Completion is subject to the following conditions precedent:
a) Where the parties determine it is necessary, Forrestania obtaining the appropriate approval from the ACCC;
b) Assignment of relevant third party agreements required to transfer the assets, including the assignment of the Share Purchase Agreement between Ramelius Operation Pty Ltd and Evolution Mining Limited;
c) Forrestania completing an equity raising of not less than $200 million; and
d) Forrestania shareholder approval for the proposed equity raising and for the issuance of Forrestania shares to Ramelius.
The Company expects completion of the Transaction in Q3 CY2026.
Strategic Rationale
Forrestania has rapidly consolidated one of the most compelling tenement packages and gold processing portfolios in Western Australia, with a significant Mineral Resource base spread across granted mining leases in the Southern Cross, Westonia, Coolgardie and Eastern Goldfields regions.
⁴ Comprising an A$20m deposit and A$180m payable on completion.
⁵ Number of shares issued to Ramelius subject to outcome of the equity raising.
Page 2
The Transaction represents:
- Strategic acquisition with total consideration of A$300 million consistent with the estimated replacement cost of the installed infrastructure, while also providing Forrestania with 945koz⁶ Au Edna May JORC Mineral Resource
- Establishes Forrestania’s second processing hub, with the Company targeting over 6Mtpa of operating milling capacity in 1H CY2027
The Edna May Mill complements Forrestania’s Lake Johnston hub currently under construction. Lake Johnston remains on time and on budget with commissioning expected in Q4 CY2026
- Creates a dual hub-and-spoke processing network, increasing Forrestania’s operational flexibility
With Forrestania already holding significant tenure and JORC Resources surrounding Edna May, the acquisition builds-out its dual processing hub-and-spoke network, increasing Forrestania’s operational flexibility and ensuring the right ore goes to the right mill
- Unlocks a faster, lower-risk and more capital efficient pathway to production in the Southern Cross region
With a permitted and existing processing plant and associated infrastructure, Edna May presents a compelling near-term restart opportunity and allows Forrestania to avoid the approvals burden, development timeline and increased capital intensity associated with greenfield developments
Overview of Edna May
Edna May is located ~315km east of Perth within the Westonia Greenstone Belt of WA’s Archaean Yilgarn Craton, approximately 1km from the town of Westonia and ~10km north of the Great Eastern Highway. It sits within the prolific Yilgarn Craton greenstone belt which hosts several of Forrestania’s existing projects and is proximate to the Company’s growing regional Mineral Resource base.⁷
6 See Appendix A and Ramelius’ ASX release, “Resources & Reserves Statement 2025”, 1 October 2025

Figure 1: The Edna May Project & Forrestania's Westonia Hub
The Edna May Gold Hub comprises the Edna May Gold Mine and associated processing infrastructure, together with the $100\%$ owned Tampia and Symes satellite projects and regional exploration tenements. The Tampia project is located 12km south-east of the town of Narembeen in the Western Australian wheatbelt, 148km by sealed road from Edna May. The Symes project is located 60km south of the township of Moorine Rock within the Holleton Greenstone Belt in the Southern Cross Province of the Eastern Goldfields, 120km by sealed road from Edna May.
The assets being acquired under the Transaction are as follows:
- $\sim 2.9$ Mtpa conventional CIL processing plant (placed on care & maintenance in April 2025)
- Established infrastructure (existing 185 room accommodation, airstrip, tailings storage facility and centralised administration facilities)
- Grid power connection
- Mining leases and portfolio tenements covering $\sim 1,000\mathrm{km}^2$
Page 5
Processing
The Edna May Mill is a conventional ~2.9Mtpa CIL processing plant commissioned in 2010 under an EPC contract by GR Engineering Services, with a strong operational track record across multiple owners. The plant was designed to treat blended ore at 2.8Mtpa, with the grinding and wet plant circuits capable of processing at 3.4Mtpa. The plant has provision for a full expansion in processing capacity to 3.2Mtpa.
Mining
Under Ramelius' ownership, Edna May operated as an open-pit mine with incremental feed from the Edna May underground and satellite deposits including Symes, Marda and Tampia.
Equity Raising
Forrestania intends to fund the A$200m cash consideration to Ramelius via the proceeds of a two-tranche placement of approximately A$300m ("Offer") and existing cash reserves. Forrestania intends to emerge from a Trading Halt upon completion of the equity raising on Wednesday, 1 July 2026.
Bell Potter Securities Limited and Aitken Mount Capital Partners Pty Ltd are acting as Joint Lead Managers and Joint Book Runners to the Offer.
Forrestania's Advisers
Sternship Advisers is appointed as financial adviser to Forrestania with Steinepreis Paganin acting as legal adviser.
SUMMARY OF RESOURCE PARAMETERS
The information in this report that relates to the Edna May Mineral Resources (MRE) is based on information compiled by Ramelius Resources ASX release, "Resources & Reserves Statement 2025", 1 October 2025. Mr Lynn Widenbar, a Competent Person who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy confirms that FRS was provided with sufficient information and has undertaken an independent overview of the Edna May MRE. The Edna May Mineral Resource estimate has been prepared in accordance with the JORC Code (2012 Edition). Forrestania confirms it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original announcement. Mr Widenbar is a full-time employee of Widenbar and Associates Pty Ltd.
A summary of JORC Table 1 is provided below for compliance regarding the MRE reported within and in line with the requirements of ASX Listing Rule 5.8.1.
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Mineral Resource Estimate
The MRE has been independently reviewed by suitably qualified consultants at Widenbar and associates Pty Ltd (Widenbar), a well-regarded Perth-based geological consultancy.
Based on the estimate provided by Ramelius Resources using a 0.5g/t Au cut-off grade, Edna May contains 30.7 million tonnes at 1.0 g/t Au for 945,000 oz Au as shown in Table 1.
| Edna May 2025 JORC Mineral Resource | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class | Au g/t Cutoff | Tonnes | Au g/t | Au Ounces |
| Measured | 0.5 | 700,000 | 1.1 | 25,000 |
| Indicated | 0.5 | 23,000,000 | 1.0 | 700,000 |
| Inferred | 0.5 | 7,000,000 | 1.0 | 220,000 |
| Total | 0.5 | 30,700,000 | 1.0 | 945,000 |
Table 1: Edna May JORC MRE 2025
Notes:
1. See Ramelius’ ASX release, “Resources & Reserves Statement 2025”, 1 October 2025
2. Figures rounded to 2 significant figures. Rounding errors may occur
Competent Person's Statement
The information in this report that relates to the Edna May Mineral Resources (MRE) is based on information compiled by Ramelius Resources ASX release, “Resources & Reserves Statement 2025”, 1 October 2025. Mr Lynn Widenbar, a Competent Person who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy confirms that FRS was provided with sufficient information and has undertaken an independent overview of the Edna May MRE. Mr Widenbar is a full time employee of Widenbar and Associates Pty Ltd. Mr Widenbar has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity that is being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Minerals Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mr Widenbar consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his review in the form and context that the information appears.
Regional Geology
The Edna May deposit is situated within the Westonia Greenstone belt in the Archean Yilgarn Craton. The greenstone belt strikes west-northwest and dips north-northeast at 50-60 degrees. The greenstone belt not only host the gold rich Edna May Gneiss but Greenfinch Gneiss (to the southwest) and Golden Point Gneiss (southeast) which also contain anomalous gold mineralisation and have a similar orientation to the Edna May Gneiss.
Page 7
Local Geology and Mineralisation
The Edna May deposit is hosted within the mineralised Edna May Gneiss (EMG), which has a defined strike length of 1 km, width of 140 m and depth >700 m.
The mine sequence includes magnesian mafic to ultramafic amphibolite's, known as the hangingwall ultramafic, which is underlain by footwall amphibolite's. Both units are defined as the background waste units in the Resource Model (UMF).
The gneiss units are a tonalitic quartz-feldspar-biotite gneiss, interpreted to be a strongly metamorphosed granitoid intrusions. They strike east-west (100-120 degrees) and dip 50-60 degrees to the north. Contacts are somewhat irregular with the waste units. The deposit was intruded by late-stage pegmatite and leucogranite intrusions which stope out mineralisation. Continuity of the intrusions is poorly defined because of the irregular nature. Where possible pegmatite units have been modelled, including one large continuous unit and one smaller, shallowly dipping zone intersected in the underground mine, which stoped out 2-3 m of mineralisation.
Gold mineralisation is structurally controlled and is principally hosted within the EMG and associated quartz veining. Two types of veins are identified with the deposit: larger arcuate veins (reefs) representing the historic gold production, and thin sheeted quartz veins in either ladder or stockwork association. Larger vein reefs typically crosscut the gneiss with a northerly strike and westerly dip, they propagate from near the footwall contact of the EMG and dissipate in the core of the gneiss. The type two veining is typically parallel to the dominant gneissic fabric.
The larger stacked veins show a polymetallic sulphide assemblage of pyrrhotite, pyrite +/- chalcopyrite, galena, molybdenite and sphalerite. Sheeted veins typically only display pyrrhotite and pyrite mineralisation. Alteration consists of assemblages of diopside, calcic-amphibole, plagioclase, k-feldspar and biotite. Anomalous gold within the EMG is associated with high alteration intensity and ensuing proximity to veining with gold deposited through micro-fracturing of the gneiss and associated veinlet formation. Visible gold is frequently seen in drill core in close association with veining.
Continuous deformation of the EMG veining is observed by subsequent folding and faulting as noted by historic mining and mapping. This is highlighted by the anticlinal trend that plunges steeply to the north which is seen in current development. The intense deformation of the mine sequence does add geological and resource risk with continuity of currently mined veins.
Drilling and Sampling Techniques
The Edna May drill database has been passed on from each ownership change. It contains significant drilling from previous owners, completed by several companies over a number of campaigns. These include Homestake, Westonia Mines, Australian Consolidated Minerals, Catalpa Resources and Evolution Mining.
As of January 2022, 7,518 individual collars were recorded which includes face sampling from underground development, grade control (GC) Reverse Circulation (RC) drilling from the Edna
May Pit, surface, and underground diamond drilling. A total of 207 km of drilling was used in the estimation process (i.e. flagged within either of the gneiss units).
Drill Methods and Sampling – Diamond
Underground (UG) diamond drilling undertaken by RMS was completed by Australian Underground Drilling (AUD). Collars were positioned with a Gyro alignment tool. All holes were oriented and jigsawed, with any core loss fully accounted for. Voids relating to historic UG workings were logged as open or filled stope voids. A final down hole survey completed with the latest Reflex gyro tool. Collars were surveyed by mine surveyors on mine local grid.
Samples were either taken as half core for resource development drilling or whole core for grade control holes. Sample lengths ranged from 0.2 m to 1.2 m and sampled to geological contacts.
Drill Methods and Sampling – Reverse Circulation
RC drilling was completed by the RMS exploration department during H2 of 2021. RC holes were drilled from surface (including two from a ramp in the Edna May pit) by Strike Drilling. Holes were drilled with a face sampling 5¾ inch hammer. Approximately 3 kg sub-samples were collected on 1 m intervals via a rig mounted cone splitter.
Drill collars were picked up by the mine surveyors using Leica RTK GPS. Downhole surveys were completed using a Deviflex Gyro, with readings every three metres. Drilling (post 2009) uses GDA94 Zone 50 grid coordinates. Local grids have been used for the purpose of resource modelling. Drillhole samples were visually inspected by the supervising geologist to assess recovery and sample quality. Wet samples or zones of poor recovery were recorded in the database but recoveries were typically high.
All assaying by RMS was 50 g fire assay completed by commercial laboratories.
QAQC
Industry best practice quality assurance and quality control (QAQC) protocols were followed for RMS drill campaigns, including duplicates inserted at a rate of 4%, high- and low-grade standards inserted at a rate of 4%, and controlled blanks inserted at a rate of 1%. Field duplicate samples for diamond were quarter core and RC duplicates were collected at the same time as original 1 m splits via the rig-mounted cone splitter.
All standards and blanks were interrogated to ensure they were within acceptable tolerances. A QAQC summary was completed for the 2021 diamond programme showed a negative bias on results with >95% of standards passing. A normalised plot of standard samples is shown in Figure 2 below. Sample size, grind size and field duplicates were examined to ensure no bias to gold grades was present.
Page 8

Figure 2. Normalised plot of standards submitted to ALS Kalgoorlie, RMS August 2021 diamond drilling program.
Density
Density measurements were collected on core samples using the water immersion method. Measurements were collected mostly from fresh core, with limited measurements in the transitional or oxidised zones. Oxidised material was assumed based on previous mining data from recent cutbacks. A summary of the densities used for each domain and oxidation state is shown in Table 2 below.
| Lithology | Oxide (1) | Transitional (2) | Fresh (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Void | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Wash | 2.0 | NA | NA |
| EMG | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
| Golden Point Gneiss | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
| Ultramafic (waste) | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.97 |
| Veins / Lodes | NA | NA | 2.68 |
| Pegmatite | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.65 |
Table 2. Summary of densities used for each domain and oxidation state
Resource Modelling and Estimation
Drill Data and Preparation
All drillhole data was exported from the main drillhole database to a local Access database for ease of use in Surpac. Domains were flagged using the macro 02_database_domains.tcl, which uses each .dtm to flag the domains onto drillholes sections.
Sample lengths for flagged samples were reviewed with mean sample length 1.05 metres, shown in Figure 3 below. Samples were composited to $2\mathrm{m}$ intervals in the gneiss and wash domains and $1\mathrm{m}$ in the lodes. This brings down the CoV for the gneiss units, however top cutting is still required to bring the CoV down further. Composite files were created using the composite downhole function in Surpac.

Figure 3. Sample length distribution.
Top Cut
Conservative topcuts were applied to the EMG and GPG domains. This reduced the CoV to within the 1-2 target for the EMG, however the CoV for GPG remains high. This is due to the broad estimation that is being used in this domain with no mineralised zone constraints. Table 3 below summarises the basic statistics for the main lodes and cutting effects on CoV.
| Domain | Composite Length | Composite Count | Min | Max | Mean | CoV | Cut | CoV | Composites cut |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMG | 2m | 92,758 | 0.001 | 425 | 0.98 | 3.55 | 8 | 1.59 | 1,303 (1.4%) |
| GPG | 2m | 5456 | 0.001 | 110 | 0.37 | 5.78 | 8 | 2.81 | 30 (0.5%) |
| Fuji | 1m | 1,404 | 0.01 | 295 | 7.33 | 2.71 | 40 | 1.59 | 45 (3%) |
| Jonathan | 1m | 1,787 | 0.001 | 198 | 6.42 | 2.20 | 40 | 1.63 | 59 (3%) |
| Rockit | 1m | 186 | 0.01 | 94.13 | 8.72 | 1.79 | 45 | 1.54 | 11 (6%) |
| Wash | 2m | 6,284 | 0.001 | 27.77 | 0.30 | 2.83 | 4 | 1.79 | 32 (0.5%) |
| Braeburn | 1m | 58 | 0.03 | 27.2 | 4.47 | 1.37 | |||
| Macintosh | 1m | 119 | 0.001 | 35.59 | 4.54 | 1.31 |
Table 3: Summary of statistics and effect of top cuts added to the datasets.
Variography Analysis
The resource update included a review and update of estimation variography for the two gneiss units, Fuji, Jonathan and Rockit lodes. Models were used using a nested spherical model with three structures. Variances from previous models are generally small, with a broader search ellipse in the z domain and range was identified for the EMG. Example continuity models and variograms for the EMG, GPG and Jonathan Lode are shown below in Figure 4 to Figure 9.

Figure 4. Normal scores continuity analysis for EMG.





Figure 5. Normal Scores variograms for EMG.

Figure 6. Normal Scores continuity models created by Supervisor for the Golden Point Gneiss.





Figure 7. Normal Scores variograms for Golden Point Gneiss.

Figure 8 Normal Scores continuity model for the Jonathan Lode.





Figure 9. Normal Scores variogram models for the Jonathan Lode.
Back transform variogram models were exported from Supervisor in Surpac zxy rotation in a .vgm format for use straight into the Surpac estimation process.
Block Model Definition and Size
Through the construction of the empty model, sub-blocking occurred along the boundary of all domains, including along the wash boundary. Minimum blocks size is $1.25\mathrm{m}$ in all directions.
Grade Estimation
Estimations used the BM Fill OK function in Surpac. Estimations used the cut composite string file for each domain. A minimum of six samples were required for the estimation with a maximum of 12 composites used, and four samples coming from any one drillhole. Block resolution used for the estimation are outlined in Table 4 below.
| Domain | Easting Resolution (m) | Northing Resolution (m) | Elevation Resolution (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPG/Wash | 10 | 10 | 5 |
| EMG | 5 | 5 | 2.5 |
| Veins | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 |
Table 4. Estimation resolution for domains.
Estimation ellipse rotations were manually entered, and the nested spherical models were imported using the .vgm files created from Supervisor.
Second pass estimations were used for the Edna May Gneiss and Braeburn Lode. The second pass helped estimated the skinnier offshoots of both the lode and the gneiss however remain in the inferred resource domain and was flagged as '2' in the pass domain.
Grade Estimation Validation
The completed block model was validated by visual inspection. Comparisons to previous models were also completed. Figure 10 and Figure 11 show grade distribution through the EMG and GPG.

Figure 10. Section through 11670mE (EMG).

Figure 11. Section through 12180mE (GPG).
Mining Depletion
The stage two Edna May Pit was completed in 2018, the final pit surface, final stage2_pit_no_rill_181108.dtm, was used to stamp the block model mined attribute as "1" and mined_type as "Pit".
Criteria used for classification
Resource classifications was treated in a similar way to the previous resource release. Based on:
- Drillhole spacing;
Estimation search pass; - Interpreted geological/grade continuity; and,
Potential for economic extraction
Indicated and inferred boundary wireframes were created in section to delineate resource classes. These categories were based off a $2000/oz$ optimisation shell, with the base off the indicated resource representing the shell limits and inferred adding 40-70m. Alterations for the 2022 model include extension/expansion of the indicated shell around the Golden Point Gneiss after the Resource Development drilling in 2021.
Underground lodes had a 2.5m shell built around each main lode (i.e Jonathan, Fuji and Rockit). This represents the higher sample density of the EMG in development drives and from diamond drilling and is generally taken with stopes. Definitions for each resource category found in Table 5 and shown in Figure 12 below.
| Criteria | Definition |
|---|---|
| Measured (rescat 1) | Unmined resource inside the 2.5m shell and above the last completed development level (915mRL). This overprints the Resource Classification for the broad pit classifications defined above. |
| Inferred (rescat 2) | All resources inside the 2.5m shell that have been defined by underground drilling (AUD holes). Defined to approx. 860mRL. |
| Indicated (rescat 3) | All remaining resource in the 2.5m shell (i.e. lode has been defined by surface drilling only). |
| Undefined (rescat 4) | All depleted resources were assigned this resource category. All areas outside the above-described zones. |
Table 5. Summary of reserve category definitions for the underground resource.

Figure 12. Resource category summary through 12700mE. Drill traces plotted, mined = 0, domain > 0.
Page 17
Current Resource Estimates
Reasonable Prospects for Eventual Economic Extraction (RPEEE) have been addressed by carrying out Pit Optimisation using mining costs, processing costs and recoveries typical for Edna May and Ramelius deposits. A gold price of AUD 2,000/oz, with the base off the indicated resource representing the shell limits and inferred adding 40-70 metres.
This announcement has been authorised for release by the Board of Forrestania Resources Limited.
For further information please contact:
David Geraghty
Executive Chairman
Phone +61 8 6555 2950
[email protected]
Investor Relations
Lucas Robinson
Investor Relations
Phone +61(0) 408 228 889
[email protected]
Paul Benson
Investor Relations
Phone +61(0) 421 647 445
[email protected]
Page 18
Disclosure
The information in this announcement is based on publicly available ASX announcement, which are available from: www2.asx.com.au.
The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original ASX announcements and that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the relevant ASX announcements continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Person's findings are represented have not been materially modified from the original ASX announcements.
Cautionary statement regarding values & forward-looking information
The figures, valuations, forecasts, estimates, opinions and projections contained herein involve elements of subjective judgment and analysis and assumption. Forrestania Resources does not accept any liability in relation to any such matters, or to inform the Recipient of any matter arising or coming to the company's notice after the date of this document which may affect any matter referred to herein. Any opinions expressed in this material are subject to change without notice, including as a result of using different assumptions and criteria. This document may contain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are often, but not always, identified by the use of words such as "seek", "anticipate", "believe", "plan", "expect", and "intend" and statements than an event or result "may", "will", "should", "could", or "might" occur or be achieved and other similar expressions. Forward-looking information is subject to business, legal and economic risks and uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among other things, risks relating to property interests, the global economic climate, commodity prices, sovereign and legal risks, and environmental risks. Forward-looking statements are based upon estimates and opinions at the date the statements are made. Forrestania Resources undertakes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements for events or circumstances that occur subsequent to such dates or to update or keep current any of the information contained herein. The Recipient should not place undue reliance upon forward-looking statements. Any estimates or projections as to events that may occur in the future (including projections of revenue, expense, net income and performance) are based upon the best judgment of Forrestania Resources from information available as of the date of this document. There is no guarantee that any of these estimates or projections will be achieved. Actual results will vary from the projections and such variations may be material. Nothing contained herein is, or shall be relied upon as, a promise or representation as to the past or future. Forrestania Resources, its affiliates, directors, employees and/or agents expressly disclaim any and all liability relating or resulting from the use of all or any part of this document or any of the information contained herein. Visual estimates of mineral abundance should never be considered a proxy or substitute for laboratory analyses where concentrations or grades are the factor of principal economic interest. Visual estimates also potentially provide no information regarding impurities or deleterious physical properties relevant to valuations. If any geochemical sampling data is reported in this announcement, it is not intended to support a mineral resources estimation. Any drilling widths given in this announcement are down-hole widths and do not represent true widths.
About Forrestania Resources Limited
Forrestania Resources Limited (ASX: FRS) is a rapidly growing gold exploration and development company focused on building a portfolio of high-quality projects across Western Australia's premier mining districts.
Led by a refreshed and experienced board, Forrestania is strategically expanding its footprint across the Southern Cross, Eastern Goldfields and Forrestania regions through disciplined exploration, selective acquisitions and a commitment to unlocking the broader potential of these highly prospective belts.
In the Southern Cross district, the Company is advancing a strategy to define significant gold resources that can support long-term development opportunities.
The Forrestania Project, from which the Company takes its name, lies within a world-class mineral province adjacent to the historic Bounty gold mine (~1Moz historic production) and in proximity to major mining operations, underscoring the region's exceptional prospectivity.
Further north, Forrestania's projects near Coolgardie and Menzies provide additional exposure to gold and base metals within proven mineralised corridors of the Eastern Goldfields.
Forrestania Resources is dedicated to creating shareholder value through systematic exploration, strong technical execution and a focused approach to growing its gold asset base across Western Australia.

Figure 13. Forrestania Resources - Regional Hubs
Appendix A: Edna May Gold Project (Table 1)
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Sampling techniques | Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be relatively simple (eg ‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information. | All drilling and sampling data presented pre-dates Forrestania Resources' (FRS) involvement in the Edna May Gold Project. Data is sourced from Ramelius Resources' (RMS) dataset and public reporting. Specific sampling procedures of historic drill campaigns were not uniformly recorded in the database or previous reports. It is presumed that industry standards and practices of time were employed during drilling. Forrestania Resources is in the process of validating the dataset. Historical drilling data is limited and not fully documented; however, the majority of these data relate to areas that have subsequently been mined and depleted and therefore have been excluded from the current geological interpretation and resource modelling. Excluding grade control drilling, the drill dataset comprised >200 km of drilling. Deeper resource drilling below the current open pit is largely diamond (DD) or reverse circulation (RC) pre-collared with DD tail. RMS completed significant RC and DD drilling between 2017-2021. Potential mineralised intervals were systematically sampled using industry standard 1 m intervals collected from RC drill holes and/or 4 m composites from reconnaissance air core (AC) traverses Surface and underground DD holes were sampled to geological contacts, or 1 m intervals DD core was cut in half along downhole orientation lines. Half core was sent to the laboratory for analysis, and the remaining half was saved for future reference All RC samples were collected and riffle or cone split to 3-4 kg samples on 1 m intervals AC samples were speared from drill spoil piles on the ground and composited into 4 m intervals before being dispatched to the laboratory. Single metre bottom of hole AC samples were also collected for trace element determination Standard fire assaying was employed using a 50 g charge with AAS finish for all DD, RC and AC chip samples Trace element determination was undertaking using a four-acid digest and ICP-AES finish |
| Drilling techniques | Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether | Drilling was completed using best practice NQ diamond core, 5 3/4" face sampling RC hammers and 3" AC hammers |
| or other type of material. The following are the following: (1) material type (e.g. 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, and (2) material type (e.g. 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg, 1000 kg) |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc). | ||
| Drill sample recovery | • Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed. | |
| • Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples. | ||
| • Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. | • All DD core was jigsawed to ensure any core loss, if present was fully accounted for | |
| • Voids relating to historic underground (UG) workings were logged as open or filled stope voids | ||
| • Bulk RC and AC drillhole samples were visually inspected by the supervising geologist to ensure adequate clean sample recoveries were achieved | ||
| • Zones of poor sample return in both RC and AC were recorded in the database and crosschecked once assay results were received from the laboratory to ensure no misrepresentation of sampling intervals had occurred | ||
| • RC sample recovery was typically very high. Recent drilling by RMS utilised RC rigs of sufficient size and air capacity to maximise recovery and provide dry chip samples. | ||
| • AC recovery was reportedly acceptable for the nature of drilling | ||
| Logging | • Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. | |
| • Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc) photography. | ||
| • The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. | • All drill samples were geologically logged on site by professional geologists | |
| • Logging data capture was both qualitative and quantitative | ||
| • Qualitative data recorded included host lithologies, deformation, dominant minerals including sulphide species, alteration minerals, veining. Details were recorded relationally (separately) so the logging was interactive and not biased to lithology | ||
| • Quantitative data recorded comprised visual estimates of mineral abundances | ||
| • The entire length of each drill hole was geologically logged | ||
| • A number of drill holes were logged specifically for geotechnical purposes and the level of detail supports resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical understanding. | ||
| • All recent core (2002 onwards) is photographed and unsampled core was retained. | ||
| • Chip trays were retained for most recent RC holes | ||
| • Older drilling generally has a minimum of lithology logged (approx. 90% of holes) with varying degrees of other information captured. | ||
| Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation | • If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken. | |
| • If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry. | ||
| • For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. | ||
| • Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples. | ||
| • Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling. | • Duplicate samples were collected every 25^{th} sample from the RC and AC chips as well as quarter core from the DD holes | |
| • Dry RC 1 m samples were riffle or cone split to 3-4 kg as drilled and dispatched to the laboratory. | ||
| • Any wet samples were recorded in the database and allowed time to dry prior to splitting and dispatching to the laboratory | ||
| • All core, RC and AC samples were pulverised to 85% passing 75 μm prior to splitting in the laboratory. A 200 g sub-sample was extracted by spatula that was used for the 50 g charge on standard fire assays | ||
| • All samples submitted to the laboratory were sorted and reconciled against the submission documents | ||
| • High and low grade standards were included at a rate of 1:25, and a controlled blank was inserted every 100^{th} sample | ||
| • The laboratory uses barren flushes to clean their pulveriser and their own internal standards and duplicates to ensure industry best practice quality control is maintained. Results of internal laboratory QAQC were reported with assay results | ||
| • The sample size is considered appropriate for the type, style, thickness and consistency of mineralisation, however nuggety gold is known to exist at Edna May, therefore small half core DD samples may be less representative than larger RC samples or whole core. |
Page 21
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| • Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled. | • Majority of historic sub-sampling details are unknown. Detailed information is often incomplete and/or lacking for the majority of older data sets or exists in hardcopy formats which have not been systematically investigated. FRS is in the process of validating the dataset | |
| Quality of assay data and laboratory tests | • The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. | |
| • For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. | ||
| • Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established. | • Recent assaying by RMS has been completed by commercial laboratories. | |
| • The fire assay method is designed to measure the total gold in the core, RC and AC samples. The technique involves standard fire assay using a 50 g charge with a lead flux (decomposed in the furnace). The prill is totally digested by HCl and HNO_{3} acids before measurement of the gold by ICP finish | ||
| • No field analyses of gold grades were completed. Quantitative analysis of the gold and trace element content is undertaken in a controlled laboratory environment | ||
| • Industry best practice is employed with the inclusion of duplicates, standards and control blanks as discussed in the previous section, and were utilised by both RMS and the laboratory | ||
| • All RMS standards and blanks were interrogated to ensure they were within acceptable tolerances. | ||
| • Sample size, grind size and field duplicates were examined to ensure no bias to gold grades exists. | ||
| • Historic assays include a number of techniques and laboratories and details are often incomplete or unknown. | ||
| Verification of sampling and assaying | • The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel. | |
| • The use of twinned holes. | ||
| • Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. | ||
| • Discuss any adjustment to assay data. | • Alternative RMS personnel would inspect the DD core, RC and/or AC chips in the field to verify the correlation of mineralised zones between assay results and lithology, alteration and mineralisation | |
| • All holes were digitally logged in the field using either LogChief or Field Marshall software) and all primary data was forwarded to the RMS database administrator (DBA) in Perth. | ||
| • Data was imported into Datashed, a commercially available and industry accepted database software package. Assay data was electronically merged when received from the laboratory | ||
| • The responsible geologist would review the data in the database to ensure that it was correct and had merged properly. Data captured in the field was reviewed to ensure it had been captured and entered into the database correctly | ||
| • The responsible geologist would make the DBA aware of any errors and/or omissions to the database and any corrections (if required) were completed immediately | ||
| • No adjustments or calibrations were made to any of the assay data recorded in the database | ||
| • The RMS Competent Person verified significant intersections of recent drilling during the resource modelling process | ||
| • For historic data, detailed information for verification of sampling and assaying is generally not available. In limited cases, hardcopy data is available and checks have been undertaken to verify original and electronic datasets. | ||
| Location of data points | • Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. | • All recent drill hole collars were picked up using DGPS instruments or by accredited surveyors to sub-metre accuracy |
| • Recent downhole surveys were collected using downhole Eastman single shot surveying techniques provided by the drilling contractors, or gyroscopic tools |
Page 22
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| • Specification of the grid system used. | ||
| • Quality and adequacy of topographic control. | • Most new drilling (post 2009) uses GDA94 Zone 50 grid coordinates. Local grids have been used for the purpose of resource modelling | |
| • DGPS RL measurements were captured as part of drill hole collar surveys prior to resource estimation work being completed | ||
| • Tampia drilling post 2014 was surveyed by commercial surveyor and downhole electronic camera tool | ||
| • Collar survey and downhole surveys methods have not been consistently reported for historic holes. If present, the downhole survey method is often unknown. | ||
| • Historic holes may have been surveyed in local grid or AMG grids and then translated. Original survey coordinates are retained. | ||
| Data spacing and distribution | • Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. | |
| • Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. | ||
| • Whether sample compositing has been applied. | • Drill hole locations were designed to allow for spatial spread across the interpreted mineralised zone | |
| • Resource holes have been drilled on 25 m sections with variable 10-50 m on section spacing, with drill density increasing with depth | ||
| • RC samples are typically 1 m, with minor 2 m or 4 m composites, generally outside of mineralised areas. Diamond core samples were typically 0.3 m to 1 m. All samples were composited to 1 m lengths for resource calculations | ||
| • AC samples were not used in to inform the Mineral Resource estimate | ||
| Orientation of data in relation to geological structure | • Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type. | |
| • If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material. | • The core and RC drilling was completed orthogonal to the interpreted strike of the target horizon(s) | |
| • Intercept angles are moderate to high angle, with holes angled at -60° south dipping holes drilling a steeply -80° west-dipping gneiss unit | ||
| • High-grade UG quartz reefs have been targeted with orthogonal UG DD holes | ||
| • AC drilling was completed on systematic MGA E-W, N-S or oblique traverses, with holes nominally 800 x 80 m apart at Felstead’s Find | ||
| Sample security | • The measures taken to ensure sample security. | • All bagged samples were delivered directly from the field to the assay laboratory in Perth, whereupon the laboratory checked the samples received against the sample submission/dispatch |
| Audits or reviews | • The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data. | • A formal audit and review was conducted on field sampling techniques, data collection and storage procedures by Cube Consultants in February 2018 and did not identify any material issues |
| • RMS reviewed sampling techniques and protocols prior to the commencement of new work programs to ensure adequate procedures were in place to maximise the sample collection and quality |
Page 23
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral tenement and land tenure status | • Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. • The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. | • Edna May is located within the Westonia project hub comprising of granted mining leases (M77/88, M77/110 and M77/124), exploration and prospecting licenses (E77/2443, E77/2640 and P77/4054) and general leases (G77/122, L77/18, L77/233) which were 100% owned by RMS subsidiaries. • Holleton and Symes Find tenure covers the following RMS 100% owned tenements: ○ E77/2334, 2458, 2474, 2534, 2565, 2673 ○ M77/111, 1287, 1303 ○ G77/138, 139 ○ L77/361, 362 • Tampia Hill 100% owned tenure includes: ○ E70/2132, 4411, 4433, 4473, 4616, 4721, 4950 ○ M70/816, 816 ○ L70/217 • Jaurdi Hill – Mt Finnerty prospect on E16/538 was 100% owned by RMS • The Nulla South JV agreement provides 75% interest in E77/2353 and 2354 • Flingers Rouge JV agreement provides 75% interest in E16/505 • Currently all tenements are in good standing • There are no known impediments to obtaining a license to operate |
| Exploration done by other parties | • Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. | • Edna May was discovered in 1911. Underground mining of quartz reefs was undertaken from 1910-1945 producing approximately 360 koz • Modern mining commenced in 1984 with Australian Consolidated Minerals, with the development of the Edna May Westonia decline from the pit floor and two main ore levels. Underground mining ceased later that decade and workings subsequently flooded • The current operation was developed by Catalpa Resources Ltd and commissioned in May 2010. An underground portal was established (the Annear Decline) and rehabilitation of the original Westonia decline commenced in August 2016 to access higher grade lodes beneath the planned limits of the Stage 2 open pit. • Ramelius Resources acquired the project in 2017 and undertook a cut-back in the open pit and underground mining at Edna May until mining ceased operating in 2024. Total production from Edna May during RMS' ownership was approximately 376 Koz. • Mill production from stockpiles at Marda and Tampia continued until April 2025. Total production is greater than 1 Moz. The operation is currently in care and maintenance |
| Geology | • Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. | • Edna May is located within the Westonia greenstone belt of the Youanmi Terrane of the Archean Yilgran Craton. The regional geology is dominant by mafic-ultramafic and metasedimentary sequences intruded by granitoids and pegmatites • Mineralisation is hosted by the Edna May Gneiss (EMG), a metamorphosed granitoid with strike length of 1 km, width of 140 m and depth extent of 700 m, bounded by mafic-ultramafic stratigraphy. The EMG is a tonalitic, quartz-feldspar-biotite gneiss interpreted as a strongly metamorphosed granitic intrusion, and strikes east-west and dips towards the north |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| • Gold mineralisation consists of high-grade reef structures and associated stock-work veining hosted within three structurally controlled, en echelon tonalitic gneiss intrusions | ||
| • Larger cross-cutting veins form the basis of the historical underground “reefs” and define the high grade Fuji and Jonathan lodes | ||
| • Underground lodes typically have thicknesses of 2-5 m and strike lengths between 80 – 110 m. Drilling to date has defined a dip extent of approximately 200-300 m. | ||
| Drill hole Information | • A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes: | |
| ○ easting and northing of the drill hole collar | ||
| ○ elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar | ||
| ○ dip and azimuth of the hole | ||
| ○ down hole length and interception depth | ||
| ○ hole length. | ||
| • If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case. | • For the purpose of reporting Mineral Resources only, this section is not applicable | |
| • No new exploration results are reported. All drilling has been previously reported by RMS | ||
| Data aggregation methods | • In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated. | |
| • Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade results and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail. | ||
| • The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly stated. | • For the purpose of reporting Mineral Resources only, this section is not applicable | |
| • No new exploration results are reported. All drilling has been reported by previous owners | ||
| • No metal equivalents are being reported, gold only |
Page 25
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths | • These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results. | |
| • If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported. | ||
| • If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width not known’). | • For the purpose of reporting Mineral Resources only, this section is not applicable | |
| • No new exploration results are reported. All drilling has been reported by previous owners | ||
| • The known geometry of gold mineralisation with respect to the drillholes reported is well constrained based on drilling and previous mining | ||
| Diagrams | • Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views. | • See body of text |
| Balanced reporting | • Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration Results. | • For the purpose of reporting Mineral Resources only, this section is not applicable |
| Other substantive exploration data | • Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances. | • Since acquisition in 2017, RMS completed a number of studies for both open pit and underground mining at Edna May, including processing studies to incorporate ore from Tampia, Marda and Symes Find as part of a regional Hub and Spoke strategy |
| • As part of the Stage 3 cut-back assessment, RMS undertook a Scoping Study in January 2021 and a Pre-feasibility Update in January 2023 | ||
| Further work | • The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). | |
| • Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive. | • Further work will involve technical studies to support the potential re-start of operations at Edna May. | |
| • Exploration and extensional drill programs may be undertaken, targeting underground resource expansion, Golden Point open pit area, and regional targets | ||
| • Future exploration programs may change depending on results and strategy |
Page 26
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2, also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Database integrity | • Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for example, transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes. | |
| • Data validation procedures used. | • Data is stored in Datashed, a recognised commercial information management software. RMS employed specific user permissions to manage user access, with only specific users permitted to overwrite or change data | |
| • Data collection in the field was via Field Marshall or Log Chief software, with fixed templates and look up tables for collecting data electronically in the field | ||
| • A number of validation checks occurred upon data upload to the main database | ||
| • Similar measures were utilised by Evolution Mining prior to RMS ownership | ||
| • The majority of historic data was inherited as SQL or Access databases and previous integrity measures are largely unknown. Numerous historic resource reports note previous validation exercises undertaken. Forrestania conducted a preliminary review during the acquisition process and will continue to systematically verify the database | ||
| • All drill data was checked visually as part of modelling process. Other validation checks included electronic checks for missing assays and geological intervals, overlapping intervals, duplicate assays, end of hole depth, hole collar elevations and assay value detection limits, negative and zero values. Some historic data has been checked against hardcopy logs | ||
| Site visits | • Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those visits. | |
| • If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why this is the case. | • The Competent Person (CP) has visited the site. | |
| Geological interpretation | • Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological interpretation of the mineral deposit. | |
| • Nature of the data used and of any assumptions made. | ||
| • The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource estimation. | ||
| • The use of geology in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estimation. | ||
| • The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology. | • Confidence in the geological interpretation is high, with a significant history of both exploration and recent mining. Geological interpretations have been formulated over many years and multiple drilling campaigns | |
| • Data used includes drilling assays and logging from several generations of drilling (excluding AC drilling). | ||
| • Additional data supporting interpretation includes geological pit mapping, and underground maps and reports. Drillhole geological logging and mapping is the primary information used to interpret geological and fault wireframes | ||
| • No alternate interpretations have been considered necessary | ||
| • Edna May is a large-scale vein stockwork within an altered metamorphosed granitoid, with several higher-grade quartz ‘reefs’ | ||
| • Continuity is affected by geological extents and mineralisation as currently defined by drilling. Cross cutting relationships including barren dykes and faults have been incorporated into the geological model and removed from estimation where known to exist | ||
| Dimensions | • The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the upper and lower limits of the Mineral Resource. | • Edna May gneiss unit is a lenticular body, typically 50 m – 150 m thick, 1000 m long and defined down-dip to 700 m. It strikes E-W and dips north at 50-60° |
| • Internal high grade quartz reefs occur and strike N-NE and dip 45-50° W. These are generally 100 m in length and 2 m - 4 m wide |
Page 27
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Estimation and modelling techniques | • The nature and appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied and key assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, domaining, interpolation parameters and maximum distance of extrapolation from data points. If a computer assisted estimation method was chosen include a description of computer software and parameters used. | |
| • The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes appropriate account of such data. | ||
| • The assumptions made regarding recovery of by-products. | ||
| • Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic significance (eg sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation). | ||
| • In the case of block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the average sample spacing and the search employed. | ||
| • Any assumptions behind modelling of selective mining units. | ||
| • Any assumptions about correlation between variables. | ||
| • Description of how the geological interpretation was used to control the resource estimates. | ||
| • Discussion of basis for using or not using grade cutting or capping. | ||
| • The process of validation, the checking process used, the comparison of model data to drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if available. | • The Edna May Gneiss unit forms the main mineralised domain and grades were generated within it using anisotropic Ordinary Kriging | |
| • Population statistics were reviewed and appropriate top cuts applied | ||
| • Quartz reefs were constrained within interpreted lode shales and estimated separately | ||
| • Mining at Edna May allows for comparison and reconciliation of resource estimates against production | ||
| • Comparisons of Inverse Distance and Ordinary Kriging were used to validate the estimation | ||
| • No by-products have been modelled | ||
| • Block size is 10 m (X) x 5 m (Y) x 5 m (Z) with limited subcells for quartz reefs. Estimation was of Parent cell only. | ||
| • Parent block size is generally assumed to match the SMU size | ||
| • Grades are assumed to correlate along mineralised trends/wireframes and estimated using anisotropic searches matching correlation directions | ||
| • Mineralisation wireframes were constructed with reference to geological/mineralisation interpretations | ||
| • The deposit has a lognormal grade distribution. Topcutting was adopted as per normal industry practice (97.5-99.5 percentile range) | ||
| • Validation included visual comparison against drillhole grades, volume comparison, global grade statistic comparison and swath grade plots | ||
| Moisture | • Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural | • All calculations are done on a dry basis |
Page 28
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| moisture, and the method of determination of the moisture content. | ||
| Cut-off parameters | • The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied. | • The resource was reported using nominal cutoff of 0.5 g/t |
| • These were selected as they encapsulate the mineralisation effectively and typically discriminate economic material from waste | ||
| • Considerations of geology, nugget effect, width and shape continuity mean significant sub-grade material is often incorporated | ||
| Mining factors or assumptions | • Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential mining methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining methods and parameters when estimating Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the mining assumptions made. | • The model is generated assuming bulked, low-grade open pit and bulked underground mining scenario. |
| • Given the recent production history at Edna May, these assumptions are considered reasonable | ||
| • The resource has been reported exclusive of mineralisation which has previously been mined | ||
| Metallurgical factors or assumptions | • The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical amenability. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential metallurgical methods, but the assumptions regarding metallurgical treatment processes and parameters made when reporting Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the metallurgical assumptions made. | • The Edna May Mill is a 2.8 Mtpa CIL gold plant and is currently on care and maintenance. |
| • Ore from the open pit and underground was previously processed through this mill. | ||
| Environmental factors or assumptions | • Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to | • Edna May mine site has a long history of operations. No significant environmental issues are envisaged |
Page 29
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| consider the potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing operation. While at this stage the determination of potential environmental impacts, particularly for a greenfields project, may not always be well advanced, the status of early consideration of these potential environmental impacts should be reported. Where these aspects have not been considered this should be reported with an explanation of the environmental assumptions made. | ||
| Bulk density | • Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the assumptions. If determined, the method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency of the measurements, the nature, size and representativeness of the samples. | |
| • The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by methods that adequately account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and differences between rock and alteration zones within the deposit. | ||
| • Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation process of the different materials. | • Bulk density is based on measurements of core samples using the water immersion method. Density measurements are mostly available on fresh core, with limited measurements for transitional or oxidised material. | |
| • Oxidised material was assumed based on previous mining data (recent cutbacks) and the CP’s experience | ||
| • Calculated density is dry, assigned by interpreted weathering horizon and where appropriate, rock type | ||
| • At Tampia, a gamma density probe was used for much of the resource drilling and provides an extra density measurement, however these values were not directly used in modelling | ||
| Classification | • The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into varying confidence categories. | |
| • Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input data, confidence in continuity of geology and metal values, quality, quantity and distribution of the data). | ||
| • Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s | • Mineral Resources have been classified into Measured, Indicated and Inferred categories based on drillhole spacing, geological confidence, information quality and grade continuity. Only a small proportion of resources have been classed as Measured and generally occur in areas of high drilling density where grade control data is available or underground development and face sampling have been completed | |
| • Appropriate account has been taken of all factors | ||
| • The classification reflects the CP’s view |
Page 30
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| view of the deposit. | ||
| Audits or reviews | • The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates. | • RMS commissioned an audit of the Edna May resource by an external consultant. While a number of minor changes and enhancements were recommended, no significant flaws to the resource models were identified. Historic drilling data information was not reviewed |
| • FRS and external consultants undertook a review and assessment of the resource model prior to acquisition of Edna May | ||
| Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence | • Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the resource within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate. | |
| • The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used. | ||
| • These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available. | • The deposit has had a number of previous resource estimations over the exploration and production history | |
| • Much of the drilling data used is historic and methodology, detail and quality assurance information is not always complete or is in hard copy records which have not been systematically investigated. Majority of the historic drill data (pre-1980’s) related to areas of the deposit which have subsequently been mined and depleted from the current model. Where historic drilling is incorporated into the model, the classification of Resources reflects the level of confidence in the data (Indicated or Inferred) | ||
| • The estimate is global, expected to be reasonable for mine planning and Reserve generation | ||
| • Reconciliation of resource estimates to recent production data reconciled typically within -10% to +20% of the estimates |
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