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H-SOURCE HOLDINGS LTD Management Reports 2020

Aug 8, 2020

47317_rns_2020-08-07_0c928b6b-eeb2-47e0-8b0f-db2177263fb3.pdf

Management Reports

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

For the Year Ended December 31, 2019

General

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) has been prepared by management as of August 7, 2020, and it presents an analysis of the consolidated financial position of H-Source Holdings Ltd. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2019. The following information should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements of the Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2019, including the notes contained therein. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).

Unless otherwise indicated, references to $ or “dollars’ are to US dollars and references to “CDN$” are to Canadian dollars.

Forward-looking Statements

This MD&A contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future events or future performance and reflect our expectations and assumptions regarding our growth, results of operations, performance, and business prospects and opportunities. Such forward-looking statements reflect our current beliefs and are based on information currently available to us. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may”, “would”, “could”, “will”, “should”, “expect”, “plan”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “predict”, “potential”, “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. The forward-looking statements in this MD&A include, among others, statements regarding our future operating results, economic performance, and product development efforts, and statements in respect of:

  • our expected future losses and accumulated deficit levels;

  • our projected financial position and estimated cash burn rate;

  • our requirement for, and our ability to obtain, future funding on favorable terms or at all;

  • our potential sources of funding;

  • our expectations regarding our capacity to develop our technology;

  • our assessment of the benefits of our technology to our customers;

  • our expectations regarding the progress, and the successful and timely completion, of the various stages of the regulatory clearance process;

  • our plans to market our technology;

  • our expectations regarding the acceptance of our technology by the market;

  • our expectations with respect to future corporate alliances and licensing transactions with third parties, and the receipt and timing of any payments to be made by us to us in respect of such arrangements; and

  • our strategy with respect to the protection of our intellectual property.

A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results, including those in respect of the foregoing items, to differ materially from the events, performance, and results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could

cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

  • the effect of continuing operating losses on our ability to obtain, on satisfactory terms, or at all, the capital required to maintain our business as a going concern;

  • technology;

  • the risks associated with the development of our technology;

  • the risks associated with the increase in operating costs from additional development costs and increased staff;

  • the regulatory approval process;

  • our ability to successfully compete in our targeted markets;

  • our ability to adequately protect proprietary information and technology from competitors;

  • our ability to attract and retain key personnel and key collaborators;

  • the potential for product liability claims; and

  • the substantial risks involved in early-stage technology development companies.

Although the forward-looking statements contained in this MD&A are based on what we consider to be reasonable assumptions based on information currently available to us, there can be no assurance that actual events, performance or results will be consistent with these forward-looking statements, and our assumptions may prove to be incorrect. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this MD&A.

Forward-looking statements made in this MD&A are made as of the date of the original document and have not been updated by us except as expressly provided for in this MD&A.

Business Overview

H-Source is a technology company operating within the healthcare industry. H-Source has developed a proprietary hospitalto-hospital transaction platform that provides a private, secure and trusted marketplace for member hospitals to buy/sell/transfer excess inventory supplies and capital equipment with each other.

Significant Events and Milestones

On January 4, 2018, the Company completed a brokered private placement of 17,250,000 common shares at a price of CDN$0.10 per share for gross proceeds of $1,286,850 (CDN$1,725,000). The Company paid the agent a cash commission of $95,814 and issued 1,284,376 agent compensation options. Each compensation option is exercisable into one common share of the Company at CDN$0.10 for a period of 18 months from the closing of the offering. The fair value of the options was determined to be $50,812. The Company paid legal fees and other share issuance costs of $53,235.

On July 12, 2018, the Company completed a brokered private placement of 7,666,667 common shares at a price of CDN$0.15 per share for gross proceeds of $873,908 (CDN$1,150,000). The Company paid the agent a cash commission of $65,543 (CDN$86,250) and issued 575,000 agent compensation options. Each compensation option is exercisable into one common share of the Company at CDN$0.15 for a period of 18 months from the closing of the offering. The fair value of the options was determined to be $38,953. The Company paid legal fees and other share issuance costs of $61,776.

On August 31, 2018, 48,905 agent compensation options were exercised at CDN$0.18 each.

On December 17, 2018, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of 4,000,000 common shares at a price of CDN$0.10 per share for aggregate gross proceeds of $293,643 (CDN$400,000). The securities of the Company issued

under this agreement were subject to a hold period which expired on April 18, 2019 in accordance with applicable Canadian securities laws. The Company paid legal fees of $1,430.

During 2019, the Company added products to its platform focusing on items from sales history that turn more quickly. With this strategic initiative in place, the products listed on the platform have grown from $400,000 at the start of 2018 to over $2,400,000 currently. These products are not held as inventory by the Company but are available through the Company’s platform.

It should be noted that our stock fell proportionately when the overall Canadian market cap fell due to adjustments to Cannabis stocks. Recognizing this, the Company made significant reductions in its operating expenses for 2019 which resulted in a reduction in net cash used in operating activities of $1,437,851. The following summarizes the changes:

  1. Reorganize Canadian operations

  2. Renegotiate rental agreements

  3. Renegotiate and cancel certain technology contracts

  4. Reduce investor relations

  5. Reduction in workforce

  6. Hired a new CFO

  7. Reduce salaries

  8. Marketing services reduction

On May 10, 2019, H-Source announced a raise of up to $2,500,000 consisting of unsecured convertible debentures with the following terms. The debentures will mature on the date that is twelve months from the date of issuance and bear interest at a rate of 12% per annum, calculated and paid on the earlier of (i) the maturity date or (ii) at the election of the holder and will have an original issuer discount equal to 10% of the principal amount. The principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest on the debenture may be convertible into common shares in the capital of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time following the issue date but on or before the maturity date at a conversion price of $0.06 per share. The debentures and the shares issuable upon the conversion of the debentures will be subject to a statutory resale restriction for four months and one day from the date of closing.

On May 29, 2019, H-Source formed a new Washington Limited Liability Corporation, HSI Sales, LLC, comprised of a sales lead implementing an independent sales representative network.

On June 10, 2019, the Company received $525,000 in cash from the first tranche of convertible debentures. On July 23, 2019, the Company received an additional $1,472,872 in cash from the second tranche of convertible debentures. Promissory notes issued in February 2019 and other outstanding payables were utilized to acquire convertible debentures in the amount of $190,994. The aggregate cash proceeds from both tranches was $1,997,872 before transaction costs. The Company intends to use the proceeds of the financing for general corporate purposes. The debentures will not be listed or posted for trading on any exchange.

The most important announcement early in the fourth quarter was our partnering with EY (one of the “Big 4” global service providers) to deploy the H-Source software platform on the EY OpsChain Blockchain platform. We are jointly marketing opportunities related to supply chain transformation for medical supplies, equipment, and pharmaceuticals. This is core to our strategic plan to pivot to more software engagements. The joint projects will include license fees, transaction fees, and success or shared risk fees. We expect revenue from this initiative starting late in the third quarter of 2020.

We are bringing a global nutraceutical distributor live on the H-Source platform in Europe and Canada during 2020. This is a project that showcases our global functionality including:

  1. Ability to host and transact in the European Union with localization for language and currency

  2. Track and trace capability for FDA and Swiss medical products

  3. Provide a Canadian distribution network for products in local currency

  4. Positive impact in 2020 as we help the distributor expand its global operations

Currently, H-Source pursues its growth strategy by:

  • Transitioning to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) sales with the Platform

  • Partnering with Relevium to distribute PPE products via the H-source Platform

  • Hosting a European version of the H-Source Platform for nutriceuticals

  • Rebranding our platform for PPE sales to H-Source1

  • EU and North America version

  • Targeting new partnerships for the third quarter of 2020 in PPE markets

  • Adding new manufacturers and distributors to the H-source Platform

  • Becoming a Virtual Purchasing Organization for medical supplies

  • Continuing to expand the EY relationship

Overall Performance

The statement of financial position as of December 31, 2019 indicates a cash balance of $9,881 (December 31, 2018 – $72,864) and total current assets of $206,981 (December 31, 2018 – $632,098).

Current liabilities at December 31, 2019 total $3,876,091 (December 31, 2018 - $959,711). Shareholders’ deficiency of $2,928,556 (December 31, 2018 – $35,582) is comprised of share capital of $10,024,162 (December 31, 2018 - $10,024,162), common shares to be issued of $51,912 (December 31, 2018 - $51,912), reserves of $848,305 (December 31, 2018 - $774,137), accumulative other comprehensive income $1,163 (December 31, 2018 - $34,281), and accumulated deficit of $13,854,098 (December 31, 2018 - $10,920,074).

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has a working capital deficit of $3,669,110 (December 31, 2018 – $327,613). The significant change in working capital was primarily caused by the issuance of convertible debentures during 2019.

Results of Operations and Additional Disclosure for the Company without Significant Revenue

The Company recorded $619,808 as revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019, which consisted of net commission sales of $32,877 and sales of $586,931. The expenses of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2019, consisted mainly of the following:

Salaries and benefits of $1,085,123, which included employees and management’s salaries, payroll taxes, and healthcare benefits.

General and administration expenses of $647,902, which primarily included software, travel, rent and general office expenses.

Professional fees of $107,956, which consisted of fees for the financial statement audit and preparation of tax returns and fees paid to advisors of the Company for business development.

Advertising and promotion expenses of $255,474, which is related to sponsorship, public relations, sales strategies, marketing services, and sales plan development.

Amortization of $197,537 which includes amortization of software development costs and patents.

Comparison of Results of Operations

Year-to-Date

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company reported $586,931 as revenue and net commission sales of $32,877, a net loss of $2,934,024 and a net comprehensive loss of $2,967,142; compared to revenue of $1,188,619 and net commission sales of $102,439, a net loss of $3,054,090, and comprehensive loss of $2,996,282 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company’s gross profit decreased by $363,253 compared to 2018 primarily due to the reduction in revenue and an effort to sell expiring inventory at reduced profit margins to eliminate waste during 2019. Operating expenses decreased by $888,199, and interest and other finance costs increased by $544,583, resulting in an decrease of $120,066 in the Company’s net loss during the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded operating expenses of $2,560,446 (2018 - $3,448,645). The decrease in operating expenses consisted primarily of decreases in general and administration expenses, salaries and benefits, and share based payments, partially offset by an increase in advertising and promotion expenses. General and administration expenses of $647,902 (2018 - $931,878) decreased primarily due to the elimination of certain expenditures related to business development and the restructure or cancellation of certain technology contracts. Salaries and benefits of $1,085,123 (2018 - $1,560,857) decreased during 2019 due to a reduction in the number of employees compared to 2018. Share based payments decreased by $150,506 due to the issuance of employee stock options during 2018 compared to $nil in 2019. The increase in advertising and promotion expenses $255,474 (2018 – $132,535) was mainly due to additional marketing consulting services associated with implementing an independent sales representative network in HSI Sales, LLC during 2019.

Interest and other finance costs of $617,177 (2018 - $72,594) increased primarily due to the accretion of interest on convertible debentures issued during the second and third quarters of 2019 and also includes interest and profit sharing costs incurred in accordance with the terms of loan agreements the Company entered into during the second and fourth quarters of 2018. The fair value gain on derivative liabilities in the amount of $116,906 (2018 - $nil) is associated with the difference of the exchange rate on the conversion feature of the convertible debentures issued during 2019.

The net comprehensive loss of $2,967,142 (2018 - $2,996,282) was affected by the foreign exchange translation on the transactions recorded in H-Source Holdings Ltd., which totaled a loss of $33,118 during 2019 compared to a gain of $57,808 in 2018.

As the Company’s operations only recently began to generate revenue, it will continue to rely on equity and debt financing in order to meet its ongoing day-to-day operating requirements. There can be no assurance that financing, whether debt or equity, will be available to the Company in the amount required at any particular time, or, if available, that it can be obtained on terms satisfactory to the Company.

Selected Annual Information

The following table sets out selected financial information derived from the Company’s audited financial statements for the three most recently completed financial years. These financial data are prepared in accordance with IFRS.

December 31, December 31, December 31,
2019 2018 2017
$ $ $
Operations
Commission sales (net) 32,877 102,439 29,759
Sales 586,931 1,188,619 279,485
Net Loss 2,934,024 3,054,090 2,667,674
Basic and diluted loss per share 0.03 0.03 0.03
Balance Sheet
Working capital (deficit) (3,669,110) (327,613) 129,508
Total assets 947,535 924,129 847,990
Total non-current liabilities -
-

-
Cash dividends declared - - -

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred a net loss of $2,934,024 ($0.03 basic and diluted loss per share) compared to a net loss of $3,054,090 ($0.03 basic and diluted loss per share) for the year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease in sales was offset by a decrease in operating expenses during 2019 which resulted in a $120,066 decrease in net loss compared to the year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease in sales resulted primarily from increased competition in the market and the decrease in operating expenses was primarily due to reductions in salaries and benefits, share-based payments, and general and administrative expenses. The decrease in working capital as at December 31, 2019 compared to December 31, 2018 was primarily due to the issuance of convertible debentures during 2019 which matured one year after issuance.

Summary of Quarterly Results

The following table sets out selected unaudited quarterly financial information of the Company. This information is derived from unaudited quarterly financial statements prepared by management. These financial data are prepared in accordance with IFRS.

Qtr. 4
December
31, 2019
$
Qtr. 3
September
30, 2019
$
Qtr. 2
June 30,
2019
$
Qtr. 1
March
31, 2019
$
Qtr. 4
December
31, 2018
$
Qtr. 3
September
30, 2018
$
Qtr. 2
June 30,
2018
$
Qtr. 1
March
31, 2018
$
Revenue 45,229 147,748 165,327 261,504 251,960 273,528 471,112 294,458
Net Loss 695,139 844,743 780,750 613,392 842,833 880,103 705,001 626,153
Basic and diluted
loss per share
0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Total assets 947,535 1,035,027 1,259,143 752,698 924,129 935,631 1,203,332 1,481,674
Working Capital (3,669,110) (2,641,232) (1,837,711) (884,366) (327,613) 157,920 73,619 740,259

Three Months Ended December 31, 2019

During the three months ended December 31, 2019, the Company reported revenue of $45,229 (2018 – $251,960) and a net loss of $695,139 (2018 – $842,833). The net loss decreased by $147,694 during the fourth quarter of 2019 compared to the fourth quarter of 2018. Revenue decreased by $206,731 and was offset by a decrease in operating expenses of $336,742 during the fourth quarter of 2019 when compared to the fourth quarter of 2018.

As at December 31, 2019 total assets were $947,535 compared to $924,124 as at December 31, 2018. The increase in total assets during the second and third quarters of 2019 resulted from the proceeds obtained from issuing convertible debentures during those quarters and an increase in capitalized software development costs. The decrease in working capital as at December 31, 2019 compared to December 31, 2018 was primarily due to the issuance of convertible debentures during 2019 which increased current liabilities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company generated $2,009,053 from financing activities compared to $2,384,056 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company reported net cash used by investing activities of $627,405 for software development during the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to net cash provided by short term investments of $48,046 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The net cash used in operating activities was $1,437,851 for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to $2,472,075 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease in cash used in operating activities primarily resulted from renegotiating or canceling technology contracts, reducing salaries and the number of employees during 2019.

At December 31, 2019, the Company had working capital deficiency of $3,669,110, cash of $9,881 and accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $1,042,342. The negative working capital is due in large part to the issuance of convertible debentures during 2019. The principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest on the debentures may be convertible into common shares in the capital of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time following the issue date but on or before the maturity date.

A summary of the Company’s contractual obligations at December 31, 2019 is detailed in the table below.

Contractual Obligations Payments Due by Period Payments Due by Period Payments Due by Period
Total Less than 1
Year
1 – 3 Years 4 – 5 Years After 5 Years
Accounts payable and
otheraccruedliabilities

$1,042,342
$1,042,342 N/A N/A N/A
Interest and profit sharing 118,762 118,762 N/A N/A N/A
Due to related parties 48,020 48,020 N/A N/A N/A
Loans payable 200,657 200,657 N/A N/A N/A
Convertible debentures 1,871,154 1,871,154 N/A N/A N/A
DerivativeLiability 595,156 595,156 N/A N/A N/A
Total $ 3,876,091 $ 3,876,091 N/A N/A N/A

License Agreement

There are no license agreements

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of the date of this management discussion and analysis, the Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on the results of operations or financial condition of the Company.

Transactions with Related Parties

Related party transactions are as follows:

Key management (officers and directors) personnel compensation including share-based payments for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $375,089 (2018 - $457,214). Included in share-based payments are stock options to directors of the Company valued at $nil (2018 - $48,960).

As at December 31, 2019, $nil (2018 - $47,925) was due to related parties for bonuses payable to the Company’s CEO and President. As at July 23, 2019, unsecured convertible debentures with an aggregate principal amount (after OID) of $27,925 were issued in payment of accrued bonuses due to the Company’s CEO and President in the amounts of $21,950 and $5,975, respectively. The convertible debentures bear interest at a rate of 12% per annum and mature on July 23, 2020. The principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest on the debentures are convertible into common shares in the capital of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time on or before the maturity date at a conversion price of $0.06 per share. All securities issued in connection with the convertible debentures will be subject to a statutory hold period expiring on November 24, 2019. As at December 31, 2019, the debentures were still outstanding.

On February 25, 2019, the Company issued a $35,000 unsecured promissory note payable to the President of the Company. The promissory note had an interest rate of 10% and a maturity date of February 25, 2020. As at June 10, 2019, the principal balance plus accrued interest of $781 on the promissory note was utilized to subscribe to an unsecured convertible debenture in the principal amount (after OID) of $35,781 which bears interest at a rate of 12% per annum. The principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest on the debenture are convertible into common shares in the capital of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time on or before the maturity date of June 10, 2020 at a conversion price of $0.06 per share. All securities issued in connection with the convertible debenture will be subject to a statutory hold period expiring on October 11, 2019. As at December 31, 2019, the debentures were still outstanding.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company owed $22,843 (2018 - $nil) and $7,177 (2018 - $nil) for notes payable and $1,654 (2018 - $nil) and $33 (2018 - $nil) for related interest payable to the CEO and President, respectively. The principal owed on the notes payable is included in due to related parties and the interest is included in interest and profit sharing payable. The notes bear an interest rate of 14% per annum and mature on December 16, 2020. In the event the notes are not paid on or before the maturity date, the lenders may elect to declare an increase in the interest to 21% per annum from the maturity date until such time as the promissory notes are paid.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company owed $18,000 (2018 - $nil) for a note payable to a director and $35 (2018 - $nil) in related interest payable. The principal owed on the note payable is included in due to related parties and the interest is included in interest and profit sharing payable. The loan bears an interest rate of 14% per annum and matures on December 26, 2020. In the event the note is not paid on or before the maturity date, the Lender may elect to declare an increase in the interest to 18% per annum from the maturity date until such time as the promissory note is paid.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company owed $39,990 (2018 - $39,990) for a loan payable to a director and $10,334 (2018 - $2,444) in related interest and profit sharing payable. The loan bears an interest rate of 2% per month (24% per annum) and has a term of 120 days commencing on the date on which the principal amount was advanced to the Company. The loan was utilized to purchase certain assets and if the sale of those assets occurs on or before 120 days, 10% of the net proceeds shall be paid to the director. If the sale of the assets occurs after 120 days, 20% of the net proceeds shall be paid to the director.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following accounting policies were adopted during the year ended December 31, 2019:

IFRS 16 – Leases

IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 “Leases” and the related interpretative guidance. IFRS 16 applies a control model to the identification of leases, distinguishing between a lease and a service contract on the basis of whether the customer controls the asset being leased. For those assets determined to meet the definition of a lease, IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to the accounting by lessees, introducing a single, on-balance sheet accounting model that is similar to current finance lease accounting, with limited exceptions for short-term leases or leases of low value assets. Lessor accounting is not substantially changed. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. As the Company does not have any leases, this standard did not have any impact on the consolidted financial statements.

IFRIC 23 – Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments

New standard to clarify the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. The interpretation provides guidance and clarifies the application of the recognition and measurement criteria in IAS 12 “Income Taxes” when there is uncertainty related to income tax treatments. The interpretation is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. There was no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the adoption of IFRIC 23.

The Company is not aware of any upcoming standards or policy changes expected to have a material impact on its financial statements.

Financial Instruments

The Company is exposed in varying degrees to a variety of financial instrument related risks. The Board of Directors approves and monitors the risk management processes, inclusive of documented investment policies, counterparty limits, and controlling and reporting structures.

The principal financial instruments used by the Company, from which financial instrument risk arises, are cash, accounts receivable, short-term investments, accounts payable, due to related parties, loans payable, convertible debentures and derivative liabilities.

December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Financial Assets
Cash $ 9,881 $ 72,864
Accounts receivable 75,631 207,676
Short-term investments - 18,655
Total financial assets $ 85,512 $ 299,195
Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable $ 951,902 $ 600,895
Due to related parties 48,020 47,925
Loans payable 200,657 200,657
Convertible debentures 1,871,154 -
Derivative liabilities 595,156 -
Total financial liabilities $ 3,666,889 $ 849,477

Financial instruments not measured at fair value include cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Due to their short-term nature, the carrying value of cash and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximates their fair value.

There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

The type of risk exposure and the way in which such exposure is managed is provided as follows:

a) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of loss associated with a counter party’s inability to fulfill its payment obligations. The Company’s primary exposure to credit risk is on its cash accounts. Cash accounts are held with a major bank in the United States. The Company has deposited the cash with its bank from which management believes the risk of loss is remote.

b) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure that it will have sufficient liquid assets to meet liabilities when they become due. The Company is exposed to liquidity risk as it does not have sufficient cash to settle its current liabilities, refer to Note 2 and the going concern discussion for further information about the Company’s plans to manage liquidity risk.

c) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as interest rates and foreign exchange rates will affect the Company’s value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimizing the return.

Interest rate risk

The Company has cash and cash equivalents balances and interest-bearing debt. The Company’s current policy is to invest excess cash in investment-grade short-term deposit certificates issued by its banking institutions. The Company periodically monitors the investments it makes and is satisfied with the credit ratings of its banks. All debt bears fixed interest rates.

Foreign currency risk

Currency risk refers to the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchanges rates. The Company has certain expenditures that are denominated in US dollars and other operating expenses that are in Canadian dollars. The Company’s exposure to foreign currency risk arises primarily on fluctuations between the Canadian dollar and the US dollar.

d) Capital management

The Company considers its cash and share capital as capital. The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk.

The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares, issue new debt, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash. There was no change in the Company’s approach to capital management during the year ended December 31, 2019.

Disclosure of Outstanding Share Data

The Company’s issued and outstanding share capital as at the date of this report is as follows: (1) Authorized: Unlimited common shares without par value.

(2) As at the date of this MD&A, the Company has 117,640,277 common shares, 4,150,000 stock options, 1,702,500 broker compensation options, and 950,000 restricted stock units issued and outstanding.

Additional Disclosure for Junior Issuers

The Company has expensed the following material cost components for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Advertising and promotion $ 255,474 $ 132,535
Amortization 197,537 207,388
Consulting fees 245,174 244,526
Office 150,838 163,486
Professional fees 107,956 199,675
Rent 64,313 61,795
Salaries and benefits 1,085,123 1,560,857
Share-based payments 21,280 171,786
Software expense 314,549 511,314
Transfer agent and regulatory fees & taxes 27,842 54,446
Travel 90,190 126,707

Advertising and promotion expenditures increased during 2019 primarily due to the company utilizing additional marketing consulting services associated with implementing an independent sales representative network in HSI Sales, LLC during 2019.

Amortization is a non-cash expense that is related to the amortization of software development costs and patents.

Consulting fees are comparable to the prior year and include fees for business development, capital market advisory services, and financial management services.

Office expenses decreased during 2019 primarily due to the elimination of certain expenditures related to business development as well as computer and internet expenditures incurred during 2018 .

Software expenses decreased during 2019 due to the restructure and cancellation of certain technology contracts previously utilized.

The professional fees were related to general corporate matters, preparation of brokered private placement that closed in January of 2018, preparation of tax returns, and financial statement audit. The decrease in fees during 2019 was mainly due to the restructure of fees for accounting software during 2019.

The decrease in salaries and benefits during 2019 was due to the decreased number of employees during 2019 compared to 2018.

Share-based payments are a non-cash expense that relates to stock options and restricted stock units granted to directors, officers, employees and a consultant of the company during the third quarter of 2018 which continue to vest during 2019.

RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to our business:

Limited Operating History:

The Company is a development stage technology company, which has a limited operating history and only recently began generating revenues derived from operations. Significant expenditures have been focused on the development, testing and launch of its hospital-to-hospital marketplace platform. The Company's near-term focus has been in actively attracting new development capital and attracting new member hospitals to utilize the Company’s inventory-trading platform. As a result of these and other factors, the Company may not be able to achieve, sustain or increase profitability on an ongoing basis. The Company is subject to many risks common to development stage enterprises, including under capitalization, cash shortages, limitations with respect to personnel, financial and other resources, lack of revenues, technology, and market acceptance issues. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in achieving a return on shareholders' investment and the likelihood of success must be considered in light of the Company's early stage of operations.

Problems Resulting from Rapid Growth:

The Company will be pursuing, from the outset, a plan to market its platform solutions to hospitals in North America and globally and will require capital in order to meet these growth plans and there can be no assurances that the Company’s capital resources will enable the Company to meet these growth needs. The plan will place significant demands upon the Company’s management, and resources. Besides attracting and maintaining qualified personnel, employees or contractors, the Company expects to require working capital and other financial resources to meet the needs of its planned growth. No assurance exists that the plans will be successful or that these items will be satisfactorily handled, and this may have material adverse consequence on the business of the Company.

Additional Financing will be Required:

The Company will need additional financing to continue its operations. Financing may not be available to the Company on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, when needed. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in raising additional capital or that the proceeds of any future financings will be sufficient to meet its future capital needs.

Intellectual Property Rights

The Company could be adversely affected if it does not adequately protect its intellectual property rights. The Company regards its marks, rights, and trade secrets and other intellectual property rights as critical to its success. To protect its investments and the Company’s interests in these various intellectual properties, it may rely on a combination of patents, trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality agreements and other contractual arrangements with its employees, clients, strategic partners, acquisition targets and others to protect proprietary rights. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company to protect proprietary rights will be adequate or that third parties will not infringe or misappropriate the Company’s copyrights, trademarks and similar proprietary rights, or that the Company will be able to detect unauthorized use and take appropriate steps to enforce rights. In addition, although the Company believes that its proprietary rights do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, there can be no assurance that other parties will not assert infringement claims against the Company. Such claims, even if not meritorious, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources.

Risk of System Failures

The Company’s success, and in particular its ability to facilitate trades successfully and provide high quality customer service, depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of its computer and communications hardware systems. Substantially all of the Company’s computer hardware for operating the Company service is located at 120 N. Pines Rd., Spokane Washington and at dedicated hosted server facilities globally. These systems and operations are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication failures, break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and similar events. Despite any precautions taken by, and planned to be taken by the Company, the occurrence of a natural disaster or other unanticipated problems at the Simple Helix facility could result in interruptions in the services provided by the

Company. In addition, the failure by Simple Helix – (The global leader in hosting custom e-commerce solutions) to provide the data communications capacity required by the Company, as a result of human error, natural disaster or other operational disruption, could result in interruptions in the Company’s service. We have tried to minimize this risk licensing dedicated servers that are replicated in multiple locations globally. Any damage to or failure of the systems of the Company could result in reductions in, or terminations of, the Company service, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

In the case of frequent or persistent system failures, the Company’s reputation and name brand could be materially adversely affected. Although the Company has implemented certain network security measures, its servers are also vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions, which could lead to interruptions, delays, loss of data or the inability to complete customer auctions. In addition, although the Company works to prevent unauthorized access to the Company data, it is impossible to eliminate this risk completely. The occurrence of any and all of these events could have a material adverse effect on the Company business, results of operations and financial condition.

Rapid Technological Change

The business of the Company is subject to rapid technological changes. Failure to keep up with such changes may adversely affect the business of the Company. The Company is subject to the risks of companies operating in the medical and healthcare business.

The market in which the Company competes is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, frequent new service and product announcements, introductions and enhancements and changing customer demands. These market characteristics are exacerbated by the emerging nature of the Web and the apparent need of companies from a multitude of industries to offer Web-based products and services. Accordingly, the Company’s future success will depend on its ability to adapt to rapidly changing technologies, to adapt its services to evolving industry standards and to continually improve the performance, features and reliability of its service in response to competitive service and product offerings and evolving demands of the marketplace. The failure of the Company to adapt to such changes would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the widespread adoption of new Internet, networking or telecommunications technologies or other technological changes could require substantial expenditures by The Company to modify or adapt its services or infrastructure, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses, shifts, changes and difficulties frequently encountered with companies whose businesses are conducted on the Internet due to the rapid creation, introduction and adoption of new diagnostic and treatment technologies. As a result, an investment in securities of the Company is highly speculative and is only suitable for investors who recognize the high risks involved and can afford a total loss of investment. Additionally, there can be no assurances that The Company will be able to successfully secure, introduce and adopt new software and integration technologies so as to implement its business strategy or otherwise overcome the risks generally associated with companies whose businesses are conducted on the Internet.

Risks associated with New Services, Features and Functions

The Company plans to expand its operations by developing and promoting new or complementary services, products or transaction formats or expanding the breadth and depth of services. There can be no assurance that the Company would be able to expand its operations in a cost-effective or timely manner or that any such efforts would maintain or increase overall market acceptance. Furthermore, any new business or service launched by the Company that is not favorably received by consumers could damage the Company’s reputation and diminish the value of its brand name. Expansion of the Company’s operations in this manner would also require significant additional expenses and development, operations and other resources and would strain the Company’s management, financial and operational resources. The lack of market acceptance of such services or the Company’s inability to generate satisfactory revenues from such expanded services to offset their cost could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks related to Consumer Trends

The Company derives substantially all of its revenues from commissions received upon the successful completion of sale transactions of the Sellers listed products on the H-Source platform. The Company’s future revenues will depend upon

continued demand for the types of goods that are listed by users of the Company service. The value of listed items on the Company platform will fluctuate depending on the listing of inventory for sale by its customers, the frequency of transactions and the expiry dates for certain items. These trends will cause significant fluctuations in The Company’s operating results from one quarter to the next. Any decline in demand for the goods offered through the Company service as a result of changes in consumer trends could have a material adverse effect on The Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Online Commerce Security Risks

A significant barrier to online commerce and communications is the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. The Company relies on encryption and authentication technology licensed from third parties to provide the security and authentication technology to effect secure transmission of confidential information. There can be no assurance that advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other events or developments will not result in a compromise or breach of the technology used by The Company to protect customer transaction data. If any such compromise of The Company’s security were to occur, it could have a material adverse effect on The Company’s reputation and, therefore, on its business, results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, a party who is able to circumvent the Company’s security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions in the Company’s operations. The Company may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against such security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches. Concerns over the security of transactions conducted on the Internet and other online services and the privacy of users may also inhibit the growth of the Internet and other online services generally, and the Web in particular, especially as a means of conducting commercial transactions. To the extent that activities of the Company involve the storage and transmission of proprietary information, security breaches could damage the Company’s reputation and expose the Company to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. The Company’s insurance policies carry low coverage limits, which may not be adequate to reimburse the Company for losses caused by security breaches. There can be no assurance that the Company’s security measures will prevent security breaches or that failure to prevent such security breaches will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks associated with Acquisitions

If appropriate opportunities present themselves, the Company intends to acquire businesses, technologies, services or products that the Company believes are strategic. The Company currently has no understandings, commitments or agreements with respect to any other material acquisition and no other material acquisition is currently being pursued. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to identify, negotiate or finance future acquisitions successfully, or to integrate such acquisitions with its current business. The process of integrating an acquired business, technology, service or product into the Company may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures and may absorb significant management attention that would otherwise be available for ongoing development of the Company’s business. Future acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities and/or amortization expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets, which could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. Any such future acquisitions of other businesses, technologies, services or products might require the Company to obtain additional equity or debt financing, which might not be available on terms favorable to the Company, or at all, and such financing, if available, might be dilutive

Dependence on the Web Infrastructure

The success of the Company service will depend in large part upon the development and maintenance of the Web infrastructure, such as a reliable network backbone with the necessary speed, data capacity and security, or timely development of complementary products such as high speed modems, for providing reliable Web access and services. Because global commerce and the online exchange of information are new and evolving, it is difficult to predict with any assurance whether the Web will prove to be a viable commercial marketplace in the long term. The Web has experienced, and is expected to continue to experience, significant growth in the numbers of users and amount of traffic. To the extent that the Web continues to experience increased numbers of users, frequency of use or increased bandwidth requirements of users, there can be no assurance that the Web infrastructure will continue to be able to support the demands placed on it by this continued growth or that the performance or reliability of the Web will not be adversely affected. These outages and delays could adversely affect the level of Web usage and also the level of traffic and the processing of auctions on the Company.

In addition, the Web could lose its viability due to delays in the development or adoption of new standards and protocols to handle increased levels of activity or due to increased governmental regulation. There can be no assurance that the infrastructure or complementary products or services necessary to make the Web a viable commercial marketplace for the long term will be developed or that if they are developed, that the Web will become a viable commercial marketplace for services such as those offered by the Company. If the necessary infrastructure, standard or protocols or complementary products, services or facilities are not developed, or if the Web does not become a viable commercial marketplace, The Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition will be materially and adversely affected. Even if the infrastructure, standards or protocols or complementary products, services or facilities are developed and the Web becomes a viable commercial marketplace in the long term, The Company might be required to incur substantial expenditures in order to adapt its service to changing Web technologies, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks associated with Information Disseminated through the Company’s Service

The law relating to the liability of online services companies for information carried on or disseminated through their services is currently unsettled. It is possible that claims could be made against online services companies under both United States and foreign law for defamation, libel, invasion of privacy, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement, or other theories based on the nature and content of the materials disseminated through their services. Several private lawsuits seeking to impose such liability upon other online services companies are currently pending. In addition, legislation has been proposed that imposes liability for or prohibits the transmission over the Internet of certain types of information. The imposition upon the Company and other online services providers of potential liability for information carried on or disseminated through their services could require the Company to implement measures to reduce its exposure to such liability, which may require the Company to expend substantial resources and/or to discontinue certain service offerings. In addition, the increased attention focused upon liability issues as a result of these lawsuits and legislative proposals could impact the growth of Internet use. While the Company carries liability insurance, it may not be adequate to fully compensate the Company in the event the Company becomes liable for information carried on or disseminated through its service. Any costs not covered by insurance incurred as a result of such liability or asserted liability could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Governmental Regulation and Legal Uncertainties

The Company is not currently subject to direct federal, state or local regulation, and laws or regulations applicable to access to or commerce on the Internet, other than regulations applicable to businesses generally. However, due to the increasing popularity and use of the Internet and other online services, it is possible that a number of laws and regulations may be adopted with respect to the Internet or other online services covering issues such as user privacy, freedom of expression, pricing, content and quality of products and services, taxation, advertising, intellectual property rights and information security.

Several states have also proposed legislation that would limit the uses of personal user information gathered online or require online services to establish privacy policies. The Federal Trade Commission has also recently settled a proceeding with one online service regarding the manner in which personal information is collected from users and provided to third parties. Changes to existing laws or the passage of new laws intended to address these issues, including some recently proposed changes, could create uncertainty in the marketplace that could reduce demand for the services of the Company or increase the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or could in some other manner have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, because the Company’s services are accessible worldwide, and the Company facilitates sales of goods to users worldwide, other jurisdictions may claim that the Company is required to qualify to do business as a foreign corporation in a particular state or foreign country. The Company is qualified to do business in all fifty states in the United States, and failure by the Company to qualify as a foreign corporation in a jurisdiction where it is required to do so could subject the Company to taxes and penalties for the failure to qualify and could result in the inability of the Company to enforce contracts in such jurisdictions. Any such new legislation or regulation, or the application of laws or regulations from jurisdictions whose laws do not currently apply to the Company’s business, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks associated with International Operations

A component of the Company’s strategy is to expand internationally. Expansion into the international markets will require management attention and resources. The Company has limited experience in localizing its service, and the Company believes that many of its competitors are also undertaking expansion into foreign markets. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in expanding into international markets. In addition to the uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to generate revenues from foreign operations and expand its international presence, there are certain risks inherent in doing business on an international basis, including, among others, regulatory requirements, legal uncertainty regarding liability, tariffs, and other trade barriers, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer payment cycles, different accounting practices, problems in collecting accounts receivable, political instability, seasonal reductions in business activity and potentially adverse tax consequences, any of which could adversely affect the success of the Company’s international operations. To the extent the Company expands its international operations and has additional portions of its international revenues denominated in foreign currencies, the Company could become subject to increased risks relating to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. There can be no assurance that one or more of the factors discussed above will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s future international operations and, consequently, on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Protection and Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights

The Company regards the protection of its copyrights, service marks, trademarks, trade dress and trade secrets as critical to its future success and relies on a combination of copyright, trademark, service mark and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect its proprietary rights in products and services. The Company has entered into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with its employees and contractors, and nondisclosure agreements with parties with which it conducts business in order to limit access to and disclosure of its proprietary information. There can be no assurance that these contractual arrangements or the other steps taken by the Company to protect its intellectual property will prove sufficient to prevent misappropriation of the Company’s technology or to deter independent third-party development of similar technologies.

The Company pursues the registration of its trademarks and service marks in the U.S. and internationally. Effective trademark, service mark, copyright and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which the Company’s services are made available online.

To date, The Company has not been notified that its technologies infringe the proprietary rights of third parties, but there can be no assurance that third parties will not claim infringement by the Company with respect to past, current or future technologies. The Company expects that participants in its markets will be increasingly subject to infringement claims as the number of services and competitors in the Company’s industry segment grows. Any such claim, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, causes service upgrade delays or require the Company to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Such royalty or licensing agreements might not be available on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. As a result, any such claim could have a material adverse effect upon The Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Going-Concern Risk

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared on a going concern basis under which an entity is considered to be able to realize its assets and satisfy its liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Our future operations are dependent upon the identification and successful completion of equity or debt financing and the achievement of profitable operations at an indeterminate time in the future. There can be no assurances that we will be successful in completing equity or debt financing or in achieving profitability. The financial statements do not give effect to any adjustments relating to the carrying values and classification of assets and liabilities that would be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.