AUTONATION, INC. — Call Transcript 2026

Good morning, everyone. Welcome to AutoNation's Fourth Quarter 2025 Conference Call. Leading our call today will be Mike Manley, our Chief Executive Officer, and Tom Szlosek, our Chief Financial Officer. Following the remarks, we will open the call to questions. I'll now hand the call over to Derek Fiebig, Vice President of Investor Relations, to begin. Thanks, Adam, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to AutoNation's Fourth Quarter Conference Call. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that certain statements and information on this call, including any statements regarding our anticipated financial results and objectives, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks that may cause our actual results or performance to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Additional discussions of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially are contained in our press release issued today and in our filings with the SEC. Certain non-GAAP financial measures, as defined in our SEC rules, will be discussed on this call. Reconciliations of our numbers are on the website located at investors.autonation.com. With that, I'll turn the call over to Mike. Yeah, thank you, Derek. Good morning, everybody, and thank you for joining us today. I'm on the third slide. We're pleased to report a solid fourth quarter and full year results for AutoNation. During a turbulent year, we delivered 3% revenue growth and 8% adjusted net income growth, and four consecutive quarters of year-over-year EPS growth, ultimately leading to an increase in adjusted earnings per share of 16%. Adjusted free cash flow exceeded $1 billion, up approximately 39% from 2025, and we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital, half of which went to share repurchases, which resulted in a 10% reduction of the shares in circulation, with the remainder invested in the business, including $460 million in M&A, to acquire some strong brand assets. Our balance sheet remains extremely healthy, with year-end leverage largely unchanged from the prior year. 2025 was the first year that AutoNation delivered earnings and EPS growth since 2022, and as I said, it was a solid year of growth and performance by the group. Relative to the fourth quarter, the industry faced tougher sales comparisons to last year, when post-election sales surged, driving a Q4 2024 light vehicle SAAR of 16.7 million. Also, sales in this year's fourth quarter were negatively impacted by the strong pull ahead earlier in the year, as consumers reacted to the tariff announcements and purchased vehicles prior to the expiration of government incentives for electric-related powertrains. We felt these impacts across most brands, with the biggest impact in premium luxury. In the fourth quarter, our same-store unit sales of new vehicles decreased by 10%, including declines of 60% in battery electric vehicles and 10% in hybrid powertrain vehicles. For the year, however, our new unit growth was 2%, largely in line with the overall industry. With regard to new unit profitability, we delivered a sequential increase from Q3 to Q4 and ended up approximately $2,400 per unit. In the fourth quarter, we improved our used-to-new ratio from a year ago, as used sales tracked more favorably than new. Although used unit sales decreased 5% from 2024 on a same-store basis, with growth in units higher in the $40,000 price point, more than offset by declines in lower priced used unit sales increased by 1%. Used selling prices held up well in 2025 across all price bands. For the full year, our used vehicle gross profit increased 5%, reflecting improved gross profit on the retail side and strong results in used vehicle wholesale. Retail profitability per unit for the year was in line with 2024, but modestly lower in the fourth quarter, reflecting a tightening supply market. Notwithstanding this, our team continued to demonstrate strong performance in acquiring vehicles through trade-ins and directly from the consumer through our We'll Buy Your Car efforts, with more than 90% of our sourcing of vehicles through internal channels. And naturally, we're focused on continuing this discipline, but also improving our purchase and sales unit pricing discipline and cycle times. We ended December with 25,700 used vehicles in inventory and expect this number to increase as we progress towards the stronger March and summer selling periods. Customer Financial Services had an excellent quarter, growing unit profitability by 8% from the prior year and 4% sequentially. Fourth quarter and full-year gross profit per unit for CFS were the highest we have had in the history of AutoNation. Our customers continued to purchase more than two products per vehicle, with extended service contracts continuing to be the top offering, which is, of course, fantastic for our future after-sales revenue and customer retention. Our finance penetration continues to grow, with around three-quarters of units being sold with financing. The momentum in after-sales maintained, and we delivered record fourth quarter and full-year revenue and gross profit. For the quarter, total gross profit increased by 6% or 4% on a same-store basis. Our growth was led by customer pay, which increased 8% on a same-store basis, and warranty, which increased 6% on a same-store basis. Improvements in our after-sales performance were not restricted to just revenue. We also improved our total gross margin for the year by 80 basis points to 48.7%. We continue to focus on our technician workforce by recruiting, retaining, and developing our technicians, and I think the efforts are certainly paying off. Turnover has decreased. Franchise technician headcount increased more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis, and is up more than 5% on a total store basis.... The strong momentum at AN Finance was maintained, including a $19 million year-over-year swing in profitability to $10 million. Originations for the year increased by $700 million from 2024, with the portfolio now exceeding $2.2 billion. The portfolio continues to perform in line with our expectations from a delinquency and a loss perspective, and the business's base costs have remained stable, enabling attractive profit scaling from portfolio growth. As I mentioned earlier, this was the fourth consecutive quarter of year-over-year increases in adjusted EPS, with our full-year adjusted EPS growing by 16% from 2024. Cash flow for the quarter and the full year was also strong. Full adjusted free cash flow was up 39% from 2024, and our investment-grade credit rating and balance sheet, anchored on a low net capital, high free cash flow model, enabled us to once again deploy significant capital for CapEx, M&A, and share repurchases. During 2025, we expanded our presence in three key markets, including acquisition of a Ford and Mazda store in Denver, as well as an Audi and Mercedes store in Chicago, and a Toyota store in Baltimore. All in all, great results, I think good progress, and a solid performance by the AutoNation team. Now, Tom, I'm going to hand it all over to you to take everyone through the results in more detail. All right. Thanks, Mike. I'm turning the slide forward to discuss our third quarter P&L. Mike explained the factors that impacted our fourth quarter vehicle unit sales and revenues. Total revenue for the quarter was $6.9 billion, compared to $7.2 billion a year ago, driven by a decline in revenues from new vehicle sales of approximately 9%. New revenue per unit retailed was stable year-over-year. As Mike mentioned, our CFS and after-sales businesses delivered strong top-line results, with a highlight being the 6% growth in after-sales. Fourth quarter revenues from sales of used vehicles were essentially flat year-over-year. For the full year, revenue increased 3% to $27.6 billion, including our CFS and after-sales, which were up 8% and 5%, respectively, from 2024. Revenue for new vehicles was up approximately 3%, and for used vehicles, 1%. Revenue per unit retailed increased modestly year over year for both new and used. Fourth quarter gross profit of $1.2 billion increased by... decreased by 2% from a, from a year ago for the quarter, so only half of the rate, decline in revenue. The positive outcome reflects declines in new vehicle gross profit being significantly offset by 6% growth in after-sales. For the year, gross profit was up 3%, led by our CFS and after-sales, which were up 8% and 7%, respectively, from 2024. Our adjusted SG&A expenses were flat in the quarter and 68% of gross profit. During the quarter, we increased our advertising expenditures, specifically targeting upper funnel demand creation activities, and had higher expenses for our service loaner fleet to support the growth in our after-sales business. This also will help bolster used inventory levels. Full year SG&A was 67.3% of gross profit. Absent the fourth quarter investments I just mentioned, our SG&A as a percentage of gross profit would have been in line with our targeted range for both the quarter and the full year. Adjusted operating income, which decreased 7% from the fourth quarter last year, increased 3% for the full year. Below the operating line, the fourth quarter floorplan interest expense decreased by $6 million, or 10% from a year ago, as our disciplines, our disciplines around inventory, continued and average interest rates moderated, reflecting the movement in short-term interest rates in 2025. For the full year, floorplan interest expense decreased by $30 million or 14%, reflecting the same factors. Fourth quarter non-vehicle interest expense increased $3 million or 7% from a year ago, reflecting higher average balances and slightly higher blended interest rates stemming from our debt refinancings in 2025. Now, as a reminder, we reflect floorplan assistance received from OEMs in gross margin. This assistance totaled $35 million, in line with a year ago. Net of these OEM incentives, the net new vehicle floorplan expense for the fourth quarter totaled $13 million, down from $18 million a year ago. For the full year, new vehicle floorplan expense totaled $46 million, down from $74 million in 2024. In all, this resulted in fourth quarter adjusted net income of $186 million, compared to $199 million a year ago. For the full year, adjusted net income increased 8% to $757 million. I'll get into the details in a bit, but adjusted free cash flow for the year was outstanding, as Mike mentioned, and enabled share repurchases that reduced share count by 10% year-over-year. Adjusted EPS was $5.08 for the quarter, an increase of 2% from a year ago, and was $20.22 for the full year, an increase of 16% from 2024. Adjusted earnings per share excludes the business interruption insurance recoveries related to the second quarter, 2024 CDK business incident. This amounted to $40 million on a pre-tax basis for the quarter and $80 million for the full year. Adjusted earnings per share also excludes charges for severance expenses and asset impairments. Slide 5 provides some color for vehicle performance. We've covered the market conditions leading to the fourth quarter's new unit sales decline of 9% or 10% on the same store basis for the quarter. The decline in sales of electric vehicles contributed to half of the unit sales decline. Sequentially, internal combustion engines were up 8% from the third quarter, which is in line with historical norms. Our market share also improved from the third quarter. For the year, unit sales were up 2%. As I mentioned, average sales prices were stable for the quarter and the year. New vehicle unit profitability averaged approximately $2,400 for the quarter, increasing more than $100 or 5% from the third quarter. This sequential increase was consistent with prior years and reflects strong commercial performance in the face of declining OEM dealer incentives. New vehicle inventory amounted to 45 days of supply, up 6 days from the fourth quarter of last year and down from two days at the end of September. Turning to slide six, used vehicle fourth quarter retail unit sales decreased by 5% on a same-store basis and 3% on a total store basis. Average retail prices were up about 3% for the quarter and 1% for the year. For the full year, used unit sales increased by 1%. Overall, used vehicle profit was down 6% for the quarter, but up 5% for the year, reflecting increases in used retail and used wholesale. Q4 used vehicle profit per unit of $1,438 was lower than a year ago, reflecting higher acquisition costs, as Mike mentioned. For the full year, used profit per unit of $1,555 was flat from a year ago. We remain focused on optimizing vehicle acquisition, reconditioning, inventory velocity, and acquisition pricing, and we're also investing in creating a better customer experience. Overall, industry supply of used vehicles remains tight. We continue to be competitive in securing used vehicles from our own retail operations, including trade-ins, We'll Buy Your Car, services, loaner conversions, and lease returns, and we continue to source more than 90% of our vehicles through these internal sources. Let me move to slide seven on customer financial services. The momentum in CFS performance continues. Unit profitability was up 8% in the fourth quarter and 6% for the full year, reflecting improved margins on vehicle service contracts, consistent product attachment, and higher penetration of finance products. The continued strong unit profitability performance at CFS is even more impressive, considering the growth of AN Finance, which, while superior in long-term profitability, diluted our CFS PVR unit profitability in the fourth quarter by approximately $130 per unit. Absent this impact, our CFS unit profitability of 2,891 that you see on the slide for the fourth quarter would have been greater than $3,000. CFS total profit grew at a rate lower than our historical norms in the fourth quarter, given the new and used volumes, but was still up 8% for the full year. Slide eight provides an update on AN Finance, our captive finance company, and its excellent performance. As expected, the profitability of AN Finance is gaining meaningful traction as the portfolio matures and we get leverage of the fixed cost structure from the outstanding growth. For the full year, we improved from $9 million operating loss in 2024 to a $10 million operating profit, including $6 million profit in the fourth quarter. During the quarter, we originated $400 million in loans, bringing the full-year originations to $1.76 billion, up from $1.06 billion in 2024. We had approximately $170 million in customer repayments in the quarter. The AN Finance portfolio ended the year at $2.2 billion and has more than doubled since last year. The quality of the portfolio continues to improve. Our credit and performance metrics are improving, with average FICO scores on originations of 696 for the full year of 2025, compared to 678 a year ago and 623 in 2023. Thirty-day delinquencies at around 2.7% were largely stable as a percentage of the portfolio and in line with our expectations. As we've discussed in the past, we do expect delinquency rates to continue to normalize as the portfolio continues toward full maturity, with delinquency rates migrating to the 3% range. Our loss reserving methodology incorporates this expectation. The non-recourse debt-funded status of the portfolio also continued to improve, as we have improved advance rates for our warehouse facilities and are benefiting from higher non-recourse debt funding levels from our $700 million ABS issuance completed during the second quarter. Our debt-funded status at December was 88%, compared to 75% a year ago and 59% in 2023. And this improved funding has freed up over $140 million of equity funding that we have used for other capital allocation opportunities. In January of this year, we completed our second ABS offering for AN Finance for just under $750 million at a blended interest rate of 4.25%, with an advance rate of 98.7%, both improvements from our second quarter 2025 ABS offering. On a pro forma basis, this new offer will increase the funded status of the portfolio to more than 90%. Closing off on AN Finance, the business's attractive offerings are driving strong customer take-up, and we continue to expect attractive ROEs in the business, driven by profitability growth and moderating equity requirements. Moving to slide nine, after sales represents nearly one half of our gross profits, continued its impressive revenue and growth profit momentum. Gross profit for the quarter of close to $600 million was an AutoNation record. Our results reflect higher repair order count, higher value repair order, and improved labor productivity. For the quarter, same-store revenue increased 5%, and gross profit was up 4%. For the full year, same-store revenue increased 6%, and gross profit increased 7%. The improvement in fourth quarter's gross profit was led by customer pay, which increased by 8%, and warranty, which increased 6%. Internal reconditioning was modestly lower in the quarter, reflecting lower used vehicle sales, as we've discussed. Our fourth quarter gross margin was stable versus 2024, at 48.3%. Now, this reflects higher growth in the wholesale parts business, which has more modest margins than the rest of the after-sales business, but it was offset by improvements in growth rates and customer pay, which were up 70 basis points. We remain focused on deploying technology to drive additional volume and productivity on, and, and on hiring, developing, and retaining our technicians. As Mike mentioned, these efforts have helped to increase our franchise technician headcount by more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis, reflecting better technician retention. The increased technician workforce is key to consistently delivering mid-single-digit growth in after-sales gross profit. To slide 10, adjusted free cash flow for the year was $1.05 billion, or 125% of our adjusted net income. Adjusted free cash flow increased by nearly $300 million a year ago, and free cash flow conversion improved by 20 basis points. The increased cash flow represents stronger operational performance, including our continued focus on working capital and cycle times, CapEx management and prioritization, resulting in $20 million less CapEx in 2025, and the recovery from the CDK outage, including the $80 million in business interruption-related insurance receipts I mentioned earlier. We excluded the CDK recovery from the 125, 125% free cash flow conversion calculation. Our capital expenditures depreciation ratio was 1.25, compared to 1.4 a year ago. We continued to focus on driving free cash flow to improve, to provide maximum, capital deployment capacity. Turning to slide 11. For the full year, we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital, with half of it being reinvested in the business in the form of CapEx and M&A, and half returned to our shareholders. We remain prudent in our CapEx methodology, which is mostly maintenance-related, compulsory spending, and totaled $309 million for 2025. We continue to actively explore M&A opportunities to add scale and density to our existing markets. In 2025, we invested $460 million, closing on transactions in Baltimore, Denver, and Chicago, as Mike discussed. Share repurchases are an important part of our playbook. For the full year, we repurchased $785 million, or 10% of shares at the beginning of the year, at an average price of $193 per share. In the last three years, we've repurchased a total of $2.1 billion, representing 36% share count reduction at an average price of $170 a share. In our capital allocation decisioning, we also consider our investment-grade balance sheet and the associated leverage levels. At quarter end, our leverage was 2.44x EBITDA, almost identical with a 2.45x EBITDA at the end of last year, and well within our 2-3 times long-term target, giving us additional dry powder for capital allocation going forward. Now, let me turn the call back to Mike before we go into question and answer. Yeah, thanks, Tom. So in summary, 2025 was a year of growth for AutoNation. Organic growth with volume up, revenue up, and after-sales margin up. Acquisition growth, with the addition of five dealerships with great brands. Cash flow growth, as Tom mentioned, with Adjusted Free Cash Flow over $1 billion, up 39%. Capital allocation, I think, in the year was very balanced and disciplined, and all of this, in combination, resulted in an increase in adjusted net income and improvements in Adjusted EPS of over 16% that both Tom and I have been talking about, and I think capped off a very solid year of growth for AutoNation. I'd like to thank all of our colleagues and associates in the business for everything that they did. Just briefly turning and looking ahead to 2026 and just some of the commentary that we have. We obviously expect to move in line with the, in line with the market, and we think the market will be slightly down in 2026 compared to 2025, but there could be some benefits from known tailwinds around withholding tax rates, refunds, and bonus depreciation. But that's our expectations we see here today. From a new unit profitability, we think it will remain fairly stable with the second half of 2025 levels. That's our expectation, at least for the, the coming few months. And we believe that the used vehicle market is going to still remain constrained, to some extent, but we think it will show improvements year-over-year. And from our CFS business, we spent some time talking about that on the call. But, what's important for us is to maintain the performance that we have, and that's a big, big focus for all of us, but being very aware of customer sensitivity to monthly payments, which clearly is a key topic for the business, and for us going forward. We're gonna continue to expand AM Finance portfolio and grow its profitability. That will drive more SG&A leverage that Tom mentioned in his commentary. And then just finally, turning to aftersales, I'd like to thank our aftersales colleagues across the entire business for the record that they delivered in Q4. We think we're well positioned, frankly, to continue that growth in mid-single digit growth numbers, and I think we have believers, and we're certainly putting the resource in place to help facilitate that. I think all of that will enable us to continue to deliver strong cash flow and obviously be able to deploy significant capital. We've got a strong financial position. Tom mentioned our investment-grade balance sheet. I think our operations are disciplined. I think we can continue to do that and continue to improve productivity. Ultimately, the aim is to continue the growth that I mentioned before. With that, I'm going to open it up for questions, if I may. Yeah, Adam, if you could please remind the audience how to get in queue. Of course. If you'd like to ask a question today, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you find your question has been answered or you'd like to withdraw, please press star followed by two. Our first question today comes from Rajat Gupta from JP Morgan. Rajat, your line is open. Please go ahead. Great. Thanks for taking the question. Just had a couple, you know, just first on the new car business. The unit numbers seem a little weaker, you know, than some of the peers, you know, some of the industry metrics, although the profitability was better. I'm curious, was there a temporary trade-off decision that you made in the quarter, around, you know, profitability versus sales, or was it just a function of, you know, comparisons and just your regional and brand mix, that might have driven that 10% same store decline? And I have a quick follow-up. Thanks. Yeah, Rajat, this is Mike. I think there are a number of things that we were taking into consideration. Firstly, we mentioned that we saw year-over-year and in fact, quarter-over-quarter, a reduction in OEM dealer-facing incentives. We offset some of that with margin because obviously, it impacts net transaction price. But particularly year-over-year, that reduction we had to be very careful in our consideration and balance between volume and margin. In fact, the largest drop, by the way, was dealers, OEM dealer support for hybrid and battery electric vehicles, as you can imagine. So that was one dynamic that we saw in the quarter. The second one was, if you think about where the key reduction came from us, EVs and BEVs represented about 30% of our mix Q4 2024. That dropped to 20% in Q4 2025. That's 60% reduction in EV volume. So the biggest impact on that 10% that you referenced, by far, came from electrified powertrains. And I think the combination of those things and the way that we were trying to make sure we had a good balance between our market share performance, but also margin, led to what we delivered, which was, I think, a good sequential improvement in new vehicle margin and also reflective of some of the things we were trying to do in the business. And it was those two things really that resulted in our position that we ended up with. Understood. Understood. That's, that's helpful. And then just, you know, maybe for Tom, you know, on, on AutoNation Finance, really, really quick and, you know, good progress there in terms of the maturity of that portfolio. I'm curious, you know, how should we think about, you know, the cadence of profitability here over the next year or maybe, you know, the year beyond? I mean, are, are we at a point in your trade-off between penetration pace versus portfolio maturity, that it's safe to expect a continued inflection in the profitability here? I'm curious, like, how you plan to balance that. You know, any guardrails you can give us, you know, maybe even around net interest margin or, or loss ratios also would be helpful. Thanks. Thanks, Rajat. Yeah, we're really happy with the growth that we're seeing in the portfolio. I mean, the growth rates, I mean, let's put it this way, the doubling of the portfolio, you know, is a real harbinger for the future. And, you know, we don't realize all those benefits in the year it doubles, as you realize, because of the, you know, the charges, the upfront charges for CECL and so forth. As we mentioned, $6 million we achieved in the fourth quarter. And I think that's probably a decent starting point as you look, you know, on a quarterly basis through 2026. So that, you know, will give you some, you know, a nice starting point for what the, what the P&L will look like for ANF. I think we're reasonably confident on net interest margin. The portfolio from a delinquency perspective and risk perspective is well managed by the team. The delinquency, as I said, will grow as... You know, it's mostly a brand-new portfolio, so you start to see your delinquencies as it matures, but we've got that factored in. So I believe that our performance trajectory and the income improvement will continue. We'll be in a good position throughout, you know, 2026. Do you expect to maintain these? What's the upper end you have in mind on penetration for the portfolio or immediate- I think it's, I mean, it's really strong on, on the used, side, as you know. I mean, on, on the, on the new side, we, you know, we're, we're partnering with our OEMs as well, you know, from a financing perspective. You know, so as we grow, continue to grow our, our used business, we, we do see opportunity to drive, further penetration. We got great partnerships, some great programs with our, our lending partners outside of ANF, that I think are going to, you know, help continue this trajectory. Well, let me just add just some color to it, if I may, Tom. Sure. I think Tom's exactly right. There are a few things that are important to us. One is, we work in partnership with all of our OEM captives, which means we're very, very clear with our teams about that relationship. And frankly, we cannot compete with an OEM captive because of the way that they subsidize either their leases, obviously, or their finance rates, and that is not our job to do. We've improved our penetration in what we call the market that is open for us to be competitive in, and that is those new vehicles, those few new vehicles that don't qualify or wouldn't benefit our customers wouldn't benefit from subsidized finance. And obviously, all of our used vehicle volume that falls within the buy box that we've established for the company. We're very, very disciplined in that buy box, and our penetration has improved over the years, but we still have headroom to improve even further. The constraint, really, on our growth, even though it was very good, was well-balanced between Jeff Butler, who's our CEO of our business, and Tom, to make sure that in terms of the way we're thinking about allocation of resources in the business, we had balance. But it could have grown, it could have grown faster than it did, but I was very pleased with the discipline that they set. So I do think that there is opportunity from a penetration point of view. And as we mentioned earlier, our penetration mainly is coming from the used car market, and as I said, we think there will be some stability in volumes in that area. Understood. Understood. Great. Thanks for all the color, and good luck. The next question comes from John Babcock at Barclays. John, please go ahead. Your line is open. Hey, good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. I guess just quickly, just on capital spending, is there any reason to think that 2026 would be any different from 2025? And then also, if you could just talk about the M&A market, how that looks right now, and how you plan to balance that with share buybacks in the near ahead, that'd be great. Yeah. Thanks, John. Thanks for the question. From a CapEx perspective, I think we're, I think 2025 levels are a reasonable starting point for 2026. I mean, it's pretty locked down in terms of the spending that we do. As you know, it's mostly you know, maintaining our properties and keeping up with OEM requirements on the latest you know, models to the stores. We've got some service growth as well that we're you know, supporting. But I think the levels that we spent at in 2025 are sustainable for 2026. In terms of M&A, and Mike is as involved in this as I am, so it'd be good to hear his commentary as well. But you know, we had a really strong year. We saw a number of opportunities across, you know, all four quarters in 2025 in terms of, you know, opportunities. I think we were selective. I think you saw where we spent our money in terms of regions and brands. And as Mike said, you know, we've got we ended up with some like very high-quality brands and, you know, in territories where we have density, where we think we can create operating synergies. And I'm confident that, you know, 2026, there will be, you know, continued opportunities for us in the dealership space, and we'll remain disciplined, and then we'll go for the ones that, you know, pencil out for us, and then allow us to take advantage of, you know, where we're present and where we can drive operating synergies. Well, I think it's a pretty complete answer, but just to add some color on the process that we have. Like all organizations, when we think about the capital deployed, we have a number of hurdle rates, but the key one for us is on a per shareholder basis, and what are we able to return, thinking about it from individual shareholder perspective, which to a large extent can be an interesting hurdle to have when you think about M&A. The good news is there are opportunities where not only does the business that we're interested in deliver reasonable event, we can bring significant synergies to it. And obviously, that's not something that is usually or very easily apparent when you first think about purchase prices of some of these assets. But it is clearly a big consideration for us because we have significant invested resources and capabilities that we obviously get leverage in the businesses that we're adding, so long as we're adding them into geographies and densities that makes sense, and that is a big part of the calculation. We're also thinking about the incremental EBITDA that is delivered from these acquisitions and how we can leverage that in the business for further return to our shareholders, whether it is through revenue or net income growth or whether it is in terms of share repurchases. So I think there are opportunities that are coming to the market. It is reasonably buoyant in my view. We are, like everybody would tell you, very selective and very clear on the hurdles of what makes an attractive target or not. I think that's the best I can add to what Tom said. All right. Thanks for that color. And then just one follow-on. I am just kind of curious, how did hybrid GPUs trend in the quarter? And then also, what are your expectations on when EVG, electric vehicle GPUs might start to normalize with typical combustion engine vehicles? Any color on that would be helpful. Yeah. Well, as I already mentioned on comments, we saw quite a significant pullback in terms of incentive contribution from our OEMs in terms of dealer support incentives. So let me get the exact numbers for you so that I can be completely accurate with you. Overall, GPUs on hybrids reduced on battery electric vehicles in Q4 and were largely flat. Tom, check my numbers on that on HEVs. But we obviously benefited from a very significant mix change in the quarter. From a stabilization of margins, I think if the industry stabilizes around 2%-3% penetration, that will be based upon a proper demand and supply balance, then I think you will begin to see some improvement in margins, both on battery electric vehicles in particular, but that, in my view, is not going to happen in 2026. I think it will take longer for that, but I do think you will see improvement in hybrid margins throughout 2026 with a better balance, because many people find that a much more attractive powertrain combination than just battery electric vehicles. Tom, just- Yeah, just yeah. Yeah. On the sequentials, you know, we've been very stable in terms of hybrid electrics as relative to total revenues or total unit sales on new, roughly 20% a quarter, and that has remained very stable. We have seen a decline in BEVs themselves in favor of ICE engines, probably to the extent of 5%-6% from first quarter to fourth quarter. Okay, thanks. I'll get back in queue. The next question comes from Jeff Lick at Stephens. Jeff, please go ahead. Your line is open. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Mike, as you point out in your several times in the prepared remarks, obviously, there was a lot of extraordinary items this year in terms of pull forwards and obviously the compare from last year after the election. I was just wondering if you could just break down the year, you know, thinking of 2025 as the base, and now you're... As you go in, is there any particular call-outs in terms of parts of the year or items that you would kind of call it, Hey, this is gonna be a particularly more challenging compare, or, Hey, things get a little easier here or there? Just wondering, you know, your perspective there, just kinda thinking of, you know, an extraordinary year of 2025 is not what you're comparing against. Yeah, I think it's a great question. You know, we, we obviously, we obviously saw the dynamics of, of, various different announcements impact in March, April, for example, when tariffs really became very much front of mind. And then as we, we approached for those electrified powertrains, the end of incentives. They're the two key points where I think when we think about comms, we just need to be mindful, we just need to be mindful of that. I do think that there's... When I review the year, what I feel we did well was really to navigate those events. Obviously, you feel good when you're in a period of pullback, but when that goes away, you try and make sure that you fill that vacuum as effectively as you can to continue the performance and the momentum in the business. And I think the demonstration from us and our results over the full year show that even in a turbulent year, we can continue to perform at a reasonable level and deliver the results to our shareholders. And I'm pleased about that because, you know, as we came into 2025, I think none of us had the expectations of how it would actually play out. We obviously think 2026 will be more stable, but I'm—there's no way I can call that. What I can tell you is that we have a business model that I think is robust, a business model that is disciplined, and what gets thrown at us will not only navigate, but we'll try and find those areas where we can maximize the opportunities that come. I think this year, we're gonna be, as we have always done, focused on affordability, frankly. You know, we all know what's happened with net transaction prices over the last few years and how that's impacted monthly payments. And it's been a topic of discussion, both on our calls, but with other people's calls as well. And I think we're gonna be... Everybody will be very mindful of that and seeing how that may move through the year, as really an indicator of whatever strength is in the new retail market and used market as well. So that's kind of my top-of-mind thoughts in response to your question. And then just a quick follow-up. I was wondering if you could put your OEM hat back on. You know, as we get into the second half of this year, there's gonna be a, you know, a sizable year-over-year increase in lease returns. Just thinking about what that, how that might impact, you know, the dealership business, but also some of these lease returns are gonna be deeply underwater, specifically the EV ones. Just wondering how you see that dynamic of how the OEMs will handle that and how that will affect the franchise business. Well, I would imagine every single OEM has already provided for that, frankly, because I don't think it... You know, we don't need to get there and it suddenly be a surprise. I think it is very well forecasted. I think it's very evident from some of the early signs that we are seeing, and any OEM should have assessed that in their portfolio and should have provided for it. There have been a number of very large provisions that have been announced, and I'm sure it also would cover forward-looking liabilities, such as residual values. I think increased lease returns into the business is a very, very good thing. I think the important part of that is that they return to market at a correct market price.... and that the OEMs work with the dealers to try and make sure that that is a stable price in the marketplace, and not transfer some of the liability that may be there in terms of actual residual values onto the dealers and ultimately, to some extent, onto consumers. So, firstly, in summary, it's well known that there are certain models, certain powertrains, where the original residual value estimates are incorrect. I think they're well known. They should be provided for, and I think the dealers will benefit from those lease returns and work with their OEMs to try and get a reasonable, fair price for those vehicles in the marketplace. We're certainly looking forward to the benefits that come from improved lease returns in our business. Thank you very much for the questions and answers, and best of luck on 2026. The next question comes from Daniela Haigian from Morgan Stanley. Daniela, please go ahead. Your line is open. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. So you touched on this a little bit in the prior question, but how are you viewing affordability pressures as it relates to consumer credit availability as we enter this new year? You also mentioned consumer sensitivity to monthly payments. Have you seen any change in consumer behavior in the after-sales business, whether it's willingness to pay for certain repair orders or otherwise? Yeah, as I said earlier, obviously, it depends how far you wanna go back, but people still referring back six years now to pre-pandemic. But we've seen significant compound growth in monthly payments that have basically been driven by a combination of average transaction price, but also some differences in charged APR. I think there will be some relief in charged APR as we get into this year, further into this year, particularly towards the back end. But there's no doubt that affordability is front of mind. I think the OEMs are going to look at how they can provide more affordable models in the marketplace, either through decontenting, because they are also absorbing, as you know, whatever the residual tariff impact will be on their cost of goods sold as well. So I think that, they, they're gonna try and manage that without significantly impacting, net transaction price and maybe with some, maybe with some repackaging. But, I think as a result of that, that's one of the reasons why we think the new car market, in particular, will probably be down somewhere between 2% and 5% for the year. We anticipate that. That's in our view. We think that we will perform at a minimum in line with that, maybe slightly better. But we think that there is pent-up demand that will hold, the used car market relatively stable. Albeit there may well be some, shifting down to slightly lower prices in there. In terms of consumer behavior, we haven't really seen much behavior in the after-sales business. It's very competitive. We have seen over the last few years, and Christian tracks this religiously with his team, we have seen much, much more attention to the cost and pricing of service and parts within the business. And we know we compete with non-franchise providers of service and parts because our growth really is targeted on improving our penetration in the three-year-old-plus after-sales market. And to do that, you obviously have to provide great convenience, great service, but you've got to be very competitive on price. So we can achieve that without an impact on our margin, and the after-sales team, I think, did a good job. We talked about the improvement in after-sales margin. We just got to keep doing that. There is no right to that business. We have to conquest it, and to do that, it's the combination of price and service. So they're much, much more price sensitive, particularly as the vehicle gets a bit older, and you just have to be aware of it and respond accordingly. That's helpful. And then digging more into the used market, have you seen any mix shifts or do you expect to see your strategy evolve in, in terms of older or newer, within that, that segment, especially as off-lease volumes begin to return later this year? And then you also spoke to an opportunity to acquire more competitively in that market. So any commentary or color there would be helpful. Thank you. Yeah. So firstly, if you just take our results, I think we performed really well in $40,000+ vehicles. We saw growth in that segment, and it's, it's a segment that I think we're very strong in. Where we did not perform really to market was in that... particularly that sub-$20,000 price range. And some of that is because when we think about vehicles we want to sell to our customers, many of those vehicles don't fit the profile that we wanna put in the marketplace. And I think chasing volume of a poor used car is not what we wanna do for the brand. But notwithstanding that, we are looking very, very carefully at how we can achieve a slightly different balance in terms of price segments of our used vehicles, which would naturally mean stocking vehicles of a lower price band, say sub $30,000, for the purpose of this discussion. But how do we do that and get the right inventory? That is a very, very competitive... That's a very, very competitive marketplace, as you can imagine. And this is where we've got to leverage our scale and our reach. And the way we would do that is our ability to respond to customers very quickly when they're looking for values.... Our ability to be flexible in terms of how we can go and get those vehicles or have those vehicles dropped off, the speed of our payment, and the fact that when you sell a vehicle to AutoNation, you're selling it to an investment grade company, and you get certainty with that. So, I think we got to leverage the infrastructure and the teams we have. So in summary, I think there is mix shifting that we should be aware of, and we should also make sure that we are playing in that, which is, say, sub-$30,000 vehicles, and we've got to leverage our strengths to be more successful at acquiring inventory in that area, and that's what Chris and team is focused on. Thank you. The next question comes from John Saager at Evercore ISI. John, please go ahead. Your line is open. Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my call. Good morning. I was hoping you could discuss some of the, dig deeper into the used market. The GPUs in the second half were down, versus the previous six quarters, more at the $1,600 level. Do you think this is more of a demand or a supply issue, and, and how should we think about that heading into 2026? So, Tom, do you want to answer this, and then I'll add some color? Yes, sure. Or would you like me to answer it? No, happy to do it. I'll build off of what you said earlier. I mean, you know, you're right, John. You know, the fourth quarter was a low mark for the year in terms of used GPU. We were disappointed. We know that some actions that we can take, and will get us back to the norms that we had in the first and second quarters. We, you know, eventually we expect to be in target on a longer-term basis, 2,000 per unit. Some of it is the basics Mike mentioned, acquiring at the right price, reconditioning properly, not excessively, and getting the day one pricing correct. The market is tighter, so it's important to move with speed when, you know, when we're, you know, doing acquisitions. But we do have opportunity. I mean, the short term, getting the right mix, as Mike mentioned, you know, calibrating, brands, price points and the like, aging. Managing our funnel, our, our commercial funnel of opportunities all the way through to closure, the second, you know, shorter-term opportunity we have. And as, as we said, doing reconditioning, you know, efficiently and quickly and getting the vehicles out to the floor. Longer term, we're really encouraged by the business. We'll be making some investments in it. We do want to improve the, you know, customer journey. As you know, it's become much more virtual and digital, and we're putting that capability in place. And we'll continue to work on that too. That's an investment we want to make. So in summary, you know, we're paying a lot of attention to the business and you know that we'll be driving the unit profitability and overall profitability higher. You know, I think that was a really comprehensive answer. There's not much that I can add, but, one thing I think that is going to show is the strength of being a new car retailer, and that is, if you look at sourcing channels, there has been increased competition really across all sourcing channels, not just trade-ins. We buy your car, obviously, auction, that's going to continue. We've been able to offset some of that cost pressure through mix changes as well, in terms of how we've sourced vehicles. And I think that's something that we have the ability to do because we operate a very, very sizable new car sales organization, and, that, that is a great and often, often undervalued channel because it is still the best channel to source excellent used car vehicles. And I think it will... I think it will play. I think there will be more competition, and I think that will be part that channel will partially offset that. Partially, not completely, because you also get price pressure in that channel, which is knock on price pressure from more visible channels, but it will partially offset some of that price pressure. And, I think Tom answered the rest really, really incredibly, really well. Thanks, Tom. Okay, great. Thanks for that. Really, good answer. And then on new GPUs, can you give us a sense of what you're seeing in the marketplace? You mentioned that you're seeing sort of continued stabilization, and I think the market is going to be very encouraged if we see that continue. Yeah, thanks, John. I mean, I mean, the third quarter to fourth quarter, Mike talked through the, you know, the improvement in the overall, the weighted GPU, notwithstanding the, you know, the pressure we, we've got on, OEM dealer incentives. We're encouraged as we built our plan for the 2026, that there are actions that we can take to continue that stabilization. So far, so good. I mean, we haven't closed January. I expect to see, stable, December to January. So off to a good start, I'd say, you know, on that front. It takes, it takes discipline. To do this with the industry inventory levels also. My apologies. Please stand by. ... Adam, can you hear us now? We can hear you loud and clear. Are we live with all of our guests? Yeah, we're good. We are. Good. Sorry about that, guys. I don't know what happened from a technology point of view, but I will just repeat what I said. I was referencing Raj's question right at the very beginning about the balances, the puts and takes in our business, and I think that's an important one to know as we get into this year. I think what we're trying to build is obviously a growing after-sales base, a pool of customers that we can continue to serve and drive up our loyalty. And that means that we want to make sure that we don't lose pace with the marketplace, and to do that, we obviously have to be competitive to make sure that we stay at a minimum, in line, in line with market. We do try and balance it where we can balance it. As that market develops and we see what happens, there may well be more or less pressure on margins, but as Tom said, we have seen stability from third quarter to fourth quarter, and our expectation, particularly in H1, is that we think to a large extent, that will continue in 2026. Yep. Thanks so much. Yep. Next question comes from Colin Langan, from Wells Fargo. Colin, please go ahead. Your line is open. Oh, great. Thanks for taking my questions. Just want to ask on aftersales, growth was, you know, 6% on a same-store basis, which, you know, I think historically it's, you know, go back many years, it was 3% or 4%. I mean, should we think of that staying at the, the higher end of sort of mid-single, or do you think there's just some, you know, maybe good news this year, some catch-up this year from some of the issues last year? And then also on the margin there, margins also have been actually quite strong, you know, much higher than they were five years ago. Is that sustainable or does that moderate a little bit into, to 2026? So I'll give you my view on that. We talked about the competitive nature of aftersales and the fact that what we want to do is to conquest in particular vehicle park of three-year-old vehicles. I think what that means is that our hourly rate obviously needs to be competitive. So the fact that that by its very nature says that we the margins that we delivered are going to be constrained to some extent, albeit still incredibly healthy, and we're very pleased with them. We do think that there's opportunity for us with different products that we can offer and different ways of communicating with the customer, that we can provide more work on a per RO basis. That doesn't necessarily drive up margin, per se, but it does help us a lot with regard to the productivity that we have in our business. So there may be some incremental opportunity on the margin side, but that's not what we bake into our plans. What we bake into our plans is more sustainable growth, not margin growth per se. Tom? Yeah, I guess the other thing is, we have plenty of capacity to support, you know, more repair orders, physical capacity. And as Mike said, you know, we've been able to grow our technician workforce. But if we can continue that, with minimal additional investment, you know, we have the plan in place to support more business, which itself will drive, you know, higher margin rates as well, better absorption. So, I think we're positioned, you know, to sustain the trends we've had, and, you know, continue to... Christian and the team continue to manage this very closely. Yeah, I think the other thing that you mentioned earlier in your commentary that we should just, we should just remind Colin of, you know, between Christian and Gianluca, we have, I think, been successful at growing our wholesale business. And wholesale, as we know, is much, much more competitive and the margin is diluted. So I think that is, for us, a big area, again, of opportunity of growth, and that will have, from a headline perspective, downward pressure on the margin. So, you know, when we talk about aftersales margin, I think we need to be clear that you may see a moderation in, the margin that we report, and that may well be a mix-driven thing. It may not be, margin per se, through our workshop. Colin, please just bear that in mind when you're thinking about the future and what Tom and I just said. Got it. And just secondly, any thoughts on SG&A? I think in the past you've talked about 66%-67% being the right target. Is that still sort of the long-term target and any sort of actions that might help, you, you know, reduce costs into next year that gets you closer to 66%? Yeah, good question, Colin. Yeah, first of all, reaffirm 66-67 is a, is a, our intent, our intended target. We were a bit higher in the fourth quarter, and probably will be a little bit higher as we go forward here, at least in the early part of the year. You know, we've made some upfront investments on advertising, and it's really to in the upper funnel, which, you know, for us means, you know, creating demand as opposed to lower funnel, where you're actually trying to capitalize on known demand. And we feel like we've got some opportunity to drive better, you know, upper funnel activity, so that's requiring a little bit of incremental investment here. And as we also talked about our loaner pool, we've made some conscious investments in. It helps you on the used vehicle side when they come out of the pool. So we've talked about, you know, a tight market, but that gives us a little bit of a relief valve in terms of supply. But importantly, it's also helping us support the service business, you know, in its totality. So apart from those, you know, two incremental things, I expect us to, you know, continue to drive towards the, you know, lower end of that range we talked about over the long term. And we've got, you know, a number of different initiatives in place. As you know, the biggest component of SG&A is compensation, and it's important for us to have good productivity when it comes to both sales and service. We feel like we've got excellent training programs and standard procedures that we've got on the cycle, service cycles to drive productivity and comp and benefits. I meant—I talked about advertising. And then the, you know, the big category is just, you know, other SG&A. We've got a number of good initiatives to manage through some of these inflationary things that we're seeing, like energy costs, you know, as an example. We're trying to standardize our usage model around the utilities to offset some of that. So, it's an effort that we're heavily focused on and just reiterating where we are in terms of the range. Hopefully, that helps, Colin. Yeah, super helpful. Thank you very much for taking my question. We'll now head back to the management team for any closing comments. Yeah. Thanks, Adam. Again, thank you very much for joining the call today and, and all of your questions. And just finally, as I mentioned earlier, I just wanna thank the operations team for what we delivered. And as usual, and you all know this, that's behind us now. We've got 2026 ahead of us, so let's get to it. This concludes today's call. Thank you very much for your attendance. You may now disconnect your line.

Speaker 8: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to AutoNation's Fourth Quarter 2025 Conference Call. Leading our call today will be Mike Manley, our Chief Executive Officer, and Tom Szlosek, our Chief Financial Officer. Following the remarks, we will open the call to questions. I'll now hand the call over to Derek Fiebig, Vice President of Investor Relations, to begin. Good morning, everyone. good morning everyone Welcome to AutoNation's Fourth Quarter 2025 Conference Call. welcome to autonation's fourth quarter 2025 conference call Leading our call today will be Mike Manley, our Chief Executive Officer, and Tom Szlosek, our Chief Financial Officer. leading our call today will be mike manley our chief executive officer and tom szlosek our chief financial officer Following the remarks, we will open the call to questions. following the remarks we will open the call to questions I'll now hand the call over to Derek Fiebig, Vice President of Investor Relations, to begin. i'll now hand the call over to derek fiebig vice president of investor relations to begin

Speaker 3: Thanks, Adam, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to AutoNation's Fourth Quarter Conference Call. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that certain statements and information on this call, including any statements regarding our anticipated financial results and objectives, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks that may cause our actual results or performance to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Additional discussions of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially are contained in our press release issued today and in our filings with the SEC. Certain non-GAAP financial measures, as defined in our SEC rules, will be discussed on this call. Reconciliations of our numbers are on the website located at investors.autonation.com. With that, I'll turn the call over to Mike. Thanks, Adam, and good morning, everyone. thanks adam and good morning everyone Welcome to AutoNation's Fourth Quarter Conference Call. welcome to autonation's fourth quarter conference call Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that certain statements and information on this call, including any statements regarding our anticipated financial results and objectives, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. before we begin i'd like to remind you that certain statements and information on this call including any statements regarding our anticipated financial results and objectives constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal private securities litigation reform act of 1995 Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks that may cause our actual results or performance to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks that may cause our actual results or performance to differ materially from such forward-looking statements Additional discussions of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially are contained in our press release issued today and in our filings with the SEC. additional discussions of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially are contained in our press release issued today and in our filings with the sec Certain non-GAAP financial measures, as defined in our SEC rules, will be discussed on this call. Reconciliations of our numbers are on the website located at investors.autonation.com. certain non-gaap financial measures as defined in our sec rules will be discussed on this call. reconciliations of our numbers are on the website located at investors.autonation.com With that, I'll turn the call over to Mike. with that i'll turn the call over to mike

Speaker 7: Yeah, thank you, Derek. Good morning, everybody, and thank you for joining us today. I'm on the third slide. We're pleased to report a solid fourth quarter and full year results for AutoNation. During a turbulent year, we delivered 3% revenue growth and 8% adjusted net income growth, and four consecutive quarters of year-over-year EPS growth, ultimately leading to an increase in adjusted earnings per share of 16%. Adjusted free cash flow exceeded $1 billion, up approximately 39% from 2025, and we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital, half of which went to share repurchases, which resulted in a 10% reduction of the shares in circulation, with the remainder invested in the business, including $460 million in M&A, to acquire some strong brand assets. Yeah, thank you, Derek. yeah thank you derek Good morning, everybody, and thank you for joining us today. good morning everybody and thank you for joining us today I'm on the third slide. i'm on the third slide We're pleased to report a solid fourth quarter and full year results for AutoNation. we're pleased to report a solid fourth quarter and full year results for autonation During a turbulent year, we delivered 3% revenue growth and 8% adjusted net income growth, and four consecutive quarters of year-over-year EPS growth, ultimately leading to an increase in adjusted earnings per share of 16%. during a turbulent year we delivered 3% revenue growth and 8% adjusted net income growth and four consecutive quarters of year-over-year eps growth ultimately leading to an increase in adjusted earnings per share of 16% Adjusted free cash flow exceeded $1 billion, up approximately 39% from 2025, and we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital, half of which went to share repurchases, which resulted in a 10% reduction of the shares in circulation, with the remainder invested in the business, including $460 million in M&A, to acquire some strong brand assets. adjusted free cash flow exceeded $1 billion up approximately 39% from 2025 and we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital half of which went to share repurchases which resulted in a 10% reduction of the shares in circulation with the remainder invested in the business including $460 million in m&a to acquire some strong brand assets Our balance sheet remains extremely healthy, with year-end leverage largely unchanged from the prior year. 2025 was the first year that AutoNation delivered earnings and EPS growth since 2022, and as I said, it was a solid year of growth and performance by the group. Relative to the fourth quarter, the industry faced tougher sales comparisons to last year, when post-election sales surged, driving a Q4 2024 light vehicle SAAR of 16.7 million. Also, sales in this year's fourth quarter were negatively impacted by the strong pull ahead earlier in the year, as consumers reacted to the tariff announcements and purchased vehicles prior to the expiration of government incentives for electric-related powertrains. We felt these impacts across most brands, with the biggest impact in premium luxury. Our balance sheet remains extremely healthy, with year-end leverage largely unchanged from the prior year. 2025 was the first year that AutoNation delivered earnings and EPS growth since 2022, and as I said, it was a solid year of growth and performance by the group. our balance sheet remains extremely healthy with year-end leverage largely unchanged from the prior year 2025 was the first year that autonation delivered earnings and eps growth since 2022 and as i said it was a solid year of growth and performance by the group Relative to the fourth quarter, the industry faced tougher sales comparisons to last year, when post-election sales surged, driving a Q4 2024 light vehicle SAAR of 16.7 million. relative to the fourth quarter the industry faced tougher sales comparisons to last year when post-election sales surged driving a q4 2024 light vehicle saar of 16.7 million Also, sales in this year's fourth quarter were negatively impacted by the strong pull ahead earlier in the year, as consumers reacted to the tariff announcements and purchased vehicles prior to the expiration of government incentives for electric-related powertrains. also sales in this year's fourth quarter were negatively impacted by the strong pull ahead earlier in the year as consumers reacted to the tariff announcements and purchased vehicles prior to the expiration of government incentives for electric-related powertrains We felt these impacts across most brands, with the biggest impact in premium luxury. we felt these impacts across most brands with the biggest impact in premium luxury In the fourth quarter, our same-store unit sales of new vehicles decreased by 10%, including declines of 60% in battery electric vehicles and 10% in hybrid powertrain vehicles. For the year, however, our new unit growth was 2%, largely in line with the overall industry. With regard to new unit profitability, we delivered a sequential increase from Q3 to Q4 and ended up approximately $2,400 per unit. In the fourth quarter, we improved our used-to-new ratio from a year ago, as used sales tracked more favorably than new. Although used unit sales decreased 5% from 2024 on a same-store basis, with growth in units higher in the $40,000 price point, more than offset by declines in lower priced used unit sales increased by 1%. Used selling prices held up well in 2025 across all price bands. In the fourth quarter, our same-store unit sales of new vehicles decreased by 10%, including declines of 60% in battery electric vehicles and 10% in hybrid powertrain vehicles. in the fourth quarter our same-store unit sales of new vehicles decreased by 10% including declines of 60% in battery electric vehicles and 10% in hybrid powertrain vehicles For the year, however, our new unit growth was 2%, largely in line with the overall industry. for the year however our new unit growth was 2% largely in line with the overall industry With regard to new unit profitability, we delivered a sequential increase from Q3 to Q4 and ended up approximately $2,400 per unit. with regard to new unit profitability we delivered a sequential increase from q3 to q4 and ended up approximately $2,400 per unit In the fourth quarter, we improved our used-to-new ratio from a year ago, as used sales tracked more favorably than new. in the fourth quarter we improved our used-to-new ratio from a year ago as used sales tracked more favorably than new Although used unit sales decreased 5% from 2024 on a same-store basis, with growth in units higher in the $40,000 price point, more than offset by declines in lower priced used unit sales increased by 1%. although used unit sales decreased 5% from 2024 on a same-store basis with growth in units higher in the $40,000 price point more than offset by declines in lower priced used unit sales increased by 1% Used selling prices held up well in 2025 across all price bands. used selling prices held up well in 2025 across all price bands For the full year, our used vehicle gross profit increased 5%, reflecting improved gross profit on the retail side and strong results in used vehicle wholesale. Retail profitability per unit for the year was in line with 2024, but modestly lower in the fourth quarter, reflecting a tightening supply market. Notwithstanding this, our team continued to demonstrate strong performance in acquiring vehicles through trade-ins and directly from the consumer through our We'll Buy Your Car efforts, with more than 90% of our sourcing of vehicles through internal channels. And naturally, we're focused on continuing this discipline, but also improving our purchase and sales unit pricing discipline and cycle times. We ended December with 25,700 used vehicles in inventory and expect this number to increase as we progress towards the stronger March and summer selling periods. For the full year, our used vehicle gross profit increased 5%, reflecting improved gross profit on the retail side and strong results in used vehicle wholesale. for the full year our used vehicle gross profit increased 5% reflecting improved gross profit on the retail side and strong results in used vehicle wholesale Retail profitability per unit for the year was in line with 2024, but modestly lower in the fourth quarter, reflecting a tightening supply market. retail profitability per unit for the year was in line with 2024 but modestly lower in the fourth quarter reflecting a tightening supply market Notwithstanding this, our team continued to demonstrate strong performance in acquiring vehicles through trade-ins and directly from the consumer through our We'll Buy Your Car efforts, with more than 90% of our sourcing of vehicles through internal channels. notwithstanding this our team continued to demonstrate strong performance in acquiring vehicles through trade-ins and directly from the consumer through our we'll buy your car efforts with more than 90% of our sourcing of vehicles through internal channels And naturally, we're focused on continuing this discipline, but also improving our purchase and sales unit pricing discipline and cycle times. and naturally we're focused on continuing this discipline but also improving our purchase and sales unit pricing discipline and cycle times We ended December with 25,700 used vehicles in inventory and expect this number to increase as we progress towards the stronger March and summer selling periods. we ended december with 25,700 used vehicles in inventory and expect this number to increase as we progress towards the stronger march and summer selling periods Customer Financial Services had an excellent quarter, growing unit profitability by 8% from the prior year and 4% sequentially. Fourth quarter and full-year gross profit per unit for CFS were the highest we have had in the history of AutoNation. Our customers continued to purchase more than two products per vehicle, with extended service contracts continuing to be the top offering, which is, of course, fantastic for our future after-sales revenue and customer retention. Our finance penetration continues to grow, with around three-quarters of units being sold with financing. The momentum in after-sales maintained, and we delivered record fourth quarter and full-year revenue and gross profit. For the quarter, total gross profit increased by 6% or 4% on a same-store basis. Customer Financial Services had an excellent quarter, growing unit profitability by 8% from the prior year and 4% sequentially. customer financial services had an excellent quarter growing unit profitability by 8% from the prior year and 4% sequentially Fourth quarter and full-year gross profit per unit for CFS were the highest we have had in the history of AutoNation. fourth quarter and full-year gross profit per unit for cfs were the highest we have had in the history of autonation Our customers continued to purchase more than two products per vehicle, with extended service contracts continuing to be the top offering, which is, of course, fantastic for our future after-sales revenue and customer retention. our customers continued to purchase more than two products per vehicle with extended service contracts continuing to be the top offering which is of course fantastic for our future after-sales revenue and customer retention Our finance penetration continues to grow, with around three-quarters of units being sold with financing. our finance penetration continues to grow with around three-quarters of units being sold with financing The momentum in after-sales maintained, and we delivered record fourth quarter and full-year revenue and gross profit. the momentum in after-sales maintained and we delivered record fourth quarter and full-year revenue and gross profit For the quarter, total gross profit increased by 6% or 4% on a same-store basis. for the quarter total gross profit increased by 6% or 4% on a same-store basis Our growth was led by customer pay, which increased 8% on a same-store basis, and warranty, which increased 6% on a same-store basis. Improvements in our after-sales performance were not restricted to just revenue. We also improved our total gross margin for the year by 80 basis points to 48.7%. We continue to focus on our technician workforce by recruiting, retaining, and developing our technicians, and I think the efforts are certainly paying off. Turnover has decreased. Franchise technician headcount increased more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis, and is up more than 5% on a total store basis.... The strong momentum at AN Finance was maintained, including a $19 million year-over-year swing in profitability to $10 million. Our growth was led by customer pay, which increased 8% on a same-store basis, and warranty, which increased 6% on a same-store basis. our growth was led by customer pay which increased 8% on a same-store basis and warranty which increased 6% on a same-store basis Improvements in our after-sales performance were not restricted to just revenue. improvements in our after-sales performance were not restricted to just revenue We also improved our total gross margin for the year by 80 basis points to 48.7%. we also improved our total gross margin for the year by 80 basis points to 48.7% We continue to focus on our technician workforce by recruiting, retaining, and developing our technicians, and I think the efforts are certainly paying off. we continue to focus on our technician workforce by recruiting retaining and developing our technicians and i think the efforts are certainly paying off Turnover has decreased. turnover has decreased Franchise technician headcount increased more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis, and is up more than 5% on a total store basis.... franchise technician headcount increased more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis and is up more than 5% on a total store basis The strong momentum at AN Finance was maintained, including a $19 million year-over-year swing in profitability to $10 million. the strong momentum at an finance was maintained including a $19 million year-over-year swing in profitability to $10 million Originations for the year increased by $700 million from 2024, with the portfolio now exceeding $2.2 billion. The portfolio continues to perform in line with our expectations from a delinquency and a loss perspective, and the business's base costs have remained stable, enabling attractive profit scaling from portfolio growth. As I mentioned earlier, this was the fourth consecutive quarter of year-over-year increases in adjusted EPS, with our full-year adjusted EPS growing by 16% from 2024. Cash flow for the quarter and the full year was also strong. Full adjusted free cash flow was up 39% from 2024, and our investment-grade credit rating and balance sheet, anchored on a low net capital, high free cash flow model, enabled us to once again deploy significant capital for CapEx, M&A, and share repurchases. Originations for the year increased by $700 million from 2024, with the portfolio now exceeding $2.2 billion. originations for the year increased by $700 million from 2024 with the portfolio now exceeding $2.2 billion The portfolio continues to perform in line with our expectations from a delinquency and a loss perspective, and the business's base costs have remained stable, enabling attractive profit scaling from portfolio growth. the portfolio continues to perform in line with our expectations from a delinquency and a loss perspective and the business's base costs have remained stable enabling attractive profit scaling from portfolio growth As I mentioned earlier, this was the fourth consecutive quarter of year-over-year increases in adjusted EPS, with our full-year adjusted EPS growing by 16% from 2024. as i mentioned earlier this was the fourth consecutive quarter of year-over-year increases in adjusted eps with our full-year adjusted eps growing by 16% from 2024 Cash flow for the quarter and the full year was also strong. cash flow for the quarter and the full year was also strong Full adjusted free cash flow was up 39% from 2024, and our investment-grade credit rating and balance sheet, anchored on a low net capital, high free cash flow model, enabled us to once again deploy significant capital for CapEx, M&A, and share repurchases. full adjusted free cash flow was up 39% from 2024 and our investment-grade credit rating and balance sheet anchored on a low net capital high free cash flow model enabled us to once again deploy significant capital for capex m&a and share repurchases During 2025, we expanded our presence in three key markets, including acquisition of a Ford and Mazda store in Denver, as well as an Audi and Mercedes store in Chicago, and a Toyota store in Baltimore. All in all, great results, I think good progress, and a solid performance by the AutoNation team. Now, Tom, I'm going to hand it all over to you to take everyone through the results in more detail. During 2025, we expanded our presence in three key markets, including acquisition of a Ford and Mazda store in Denver, as well as an Audi and Mercedes store in Chicago, and a Toyota store in Baltimore. during 2025 we expanded our presence in three key markets including acquisition of a ford and mazda store in denver as well as an audi and mercedes store in chicago and a toyota store in baltimore All in all, great results, I think good progress, and a solid performance by the AutoNation team. all in all great results i think good progress and a solid performance by the autonation team Now, Tom, I'm going to hand it all over to you to take everyone through the results in more detail. now tom i'm going to hand it all over to you to take everyone through the results in more detail

Speaker 10: All right. Thanks, Mike. I'm turning the slide forward to discuss our third quarter P&L. Mike explained the factors that impacted our fourth quarter vehicle unit sales and revenues. Total revenue for the quarter was $6.9 billion, compared to $7.2 billion a year ago, driven by a decline in revenues from new vehicle sales of approximately 9%. New revenue per unit retailed was stable year-over-year. As Mike mentioned, our CFS and after-sales businesses delivered strong top-line results, with a highlight being the 6% growth in after-sales. Fourth quarter revenues from sales of used vehicles were essentially flat year-over-year. For the full year, revenue increased 3% to $27.6 billion, including our CFS and after-sales, which were up 8% and 5%, respectively, from 2024. All right. all right Thanks, Mike. thanks mike I'm turning the slide forward to discuss our third quarter P&L. i'm turning the slide forward to discuss our third quarter p&l Mike explained the factors that impacted our fourth quarter vehicle unit sales and revenues. mike explained the factors that impacted our fourth quarter vehicle unit sales and revenues Total revenue for the quarter was $6.9 billion, compared to $7.2 billion a year ago, driven by a decline in revenues from new vehicle sales of approximately 9%. total revenue for the quarter was $6.9 billion compared to $7.2 billion a year ago driven by a decline in revenues from new vehicle sales of approximately 9% New revenue per unit retailed was stable year-over-year. new revenue per unit retailed was stable year-over-year As Mike mentioned, our CFS and after-sales businesses delivered strong top-line results, with a highlight being the 6% growth in after-sales. as mike mentioned our cfs and after-sales businesses delivered strong top-line results with a highlight being the 6% growth in after-sales Fourth quarter revenues from sales of used vehicles were essentially flat year-over-year. fourth quarter revenues from sales of used vehicles were essentially flat year-over-year For the full year, revenue increased 3% to $27.6 billion, including our CFS and after-sales, which were up 8% and 5%, respectively, from 2024. for the full year revenue increased 3% to $27.6 billion including our cfs and after-sales which were up 8% and 5% respectively from 2024 Revenue for new vehicles was up approximately 3%, and for used vehicles, 1%. Revenue per unit retailed increased modestly year over year for both new and used. Fourth quarter gross profit of $1.2 billion increased by... decreased by 2% from a, from a year ago for the quarter, so only half of the rate, decline in revenue. The positive outcome reflects declines in new vehicle gross profit being significantly offset by 6% growth in after-sales. For the year, gross profit was up 3%, led by our CFS and after-sales, which were up 8% and 7%, respectively, from 2024. Our adjusted SG&A expenses were flat in the quarter and 68% of gross profit. Revenue for new vehicles was up approximately 3%, and for used vehicles, 1%. revenue for new vehicles was up approximately 3% and for used vehicles 1% Revenue per unit retailed increased modestly year over year for both new and used. revenue per unit retailed increased modestly year over year for both new and used Fourth quarter gross profit of $1.2 billion increased by... decreased by 2% from a, from a year ago for the quarter, so only half of the rate, decline in revenue. fourth quarter gross profit of $1.2 billion increased by decreased by 2% from a from a year ago for the quarter so only half of the rate decline in revenue The positive outcome reflects declines in new vehicle gross profit being significantly offset by 6% growth in after-sales. the positive outcome reflects declines in new vehicle gross profit being significantly offset by 6% growth in after-sales For the year, gross profit was up 3%, led by our CFS and after-sales, which were up 8% and 7%, respectively, from 2024. for the year gross profit was up 3% led by our cfs and after-sales which were up 8% and 7% respectively from 2024 Our adjusted SG&A expenses were flat in the quarter and 68% of gross profit. our adjusted sg&a expenses were flat in the quarter and 68% of gross profit During the quarter, we increased our advertising expenditures, specifically targeting upper funnel demand creation activities, and had higher expenses for our service loaner fleet to support the growth in our after-sales business. This also will help bolster used inventory levels. Full year SG&A was 67.3% of gross profit. Absent the fourth quarter investments I just mentioned, our SG&A as a percentage of gross profit would have been in line with our targeted range for both the quarter and the full year. Adjusted operating income, which decreased 7% from the fourth quarter last year, increased 3% for the full year. During the quarter, we increased our advertising expenditures, specifically targeting upper funnel demand creation activities, and had higher expenses for our service loaner fleet to support the growth in our after-sales business. during the quarter we increased our advertising expenditures specifically targeting upper funnel demand creation activities and had higher expenses for our service loaner fleet to support the growth in our after-sales business This also will help bolster used inventory levels. this also will help bolster used inventory levels Full year SG&A was 67.3% of gross profit. full year sg&a was 67.3% of gross profit Absent the fourth quarter investments I just mentioned, our SG&A as a percentage of gross profit would have been in line with our targeted range for both the quarter and the full year. absent the fourth quarter investments i just mentioned our sg&a as a percentage of gross profit would have been in line with our targeted range for both the quarter and the full year Adjusted operating income, which decreased 7% from the fourth quarter last year, increased 3% for the full year. adjusted operating income which decreased 7% from the fourth quarter last year increased 3% for the full year Below the operating line, the fourth quarter floorplan interest expense decreased by $6 million, or 10% from a year ago, as our disciplines, our disciplines around inventory, continued and average interest rates moderated, reflecting the movement in short-term interest rates in 2025. For the full year, floorplan interest expense decreased by $30 million or 14%, reflecting the same factors. Fourth quarter non-vehicle interest expense increased $3 million or 7% from a year ago, reflecting higher average balances and slightly higher blended interest rates stemming from our debt refinancings in 2025. Now, as a reminder, we reflect floorplan assistance received from OEMs in gross margin. This assistance totaled $35 million, in line with a year ago. Below the operating line, the fourth quarter floorplan interest expense decreased by $6 million, or 10% from a year ago, as our disciplines, our disciplines around inventory, continued and average interest rates moderated, reflecting the movement in short-term interest rates in 2025. below the operating line the fourth quarter floorplan interest expense decreased by $6 million or 10% from a year ago as our disciplines our disciplines around inventory continued and average interest rates moderated reflecting the movement in short-term interest rates in 2025 For the full year, floorplan interest expense decreased by $30 million or 14%, reflecting the same factors. for the full year floorplan interest expense decreased by $30 million or 14% reflecting the same factors Fourth quarter non-vehicle interest expense increased $3 million or 7% from a year ago, reflecting higher average balances and slightly higher blended interest rates stemming from our debt refinancings in 2025. fourth quarter non-vehicle interest expense increased $3 million or 7% from a year ago reflecting higher average balances and slightly higher blended interest rates stemming from our debt refinancings in 2025 Now, as a reminder, we reflect floorplan assistance received from OEMs in gross margin. now as a reminder we reflect floorplan assistance received from oems in gross margin This assistance totaled $35 million, in line with a year ago. this assistance totaled $35 million in line with a year ago Net of these OEM incentives, the net new vehicle floorplan expense for the fourth quarter totaled $13 million, down from $18 million a year ago. For the full year, new vehicle floorplan expense totaled $46 million, down from $74 million in 2024. In all, this resulted in fourth quarter adjusted net income of $186 million, compared to $199 million a year ago. For the full year, adjusted net income increased 8% to $757 million. I'll get into the details in a bit, but adjusted free cash flow for the year was outstanding, as Mike mentioned, and enabled share repurchases that reduced share count by 10% year-over-year. Net of these OEM incentives, the net new vehicle floorplan expense for the fourth quarter totaled $13 million, down from $18 million a year ago. net of these oem incentives the net new vehicle floorplan expense for the fourth quarter totaled $13 million down from $18 million a year ago For the full year, new vehicle floorplan expense totaled $46 million, down from $74 million in 2024. for the full year new vehicle floorplan expense totaled $46 million down from $74 million in 2024 In all, this resulted in fourth quarter adjusted net income of $186 million, compared to $199 million a year ago. in all this resulted in fourth quarter adjusted net income of $186 million compared to $199 million a year ago For the full year, adjusted net income increased 8% to $757 million. for the full year adjusted net income increased 8% to $757 million I'll get into the details in a bit, but adjusted free cash flow for the year was outstanding, as Mike mentioned, and enabled share repurchases that reduced share count by 10% year-over-year. i'll get into the details in a bit but adjusted free cash flow for the year was outstanding as mike mentioned and enabled share repurchases that reduced share count by 10% year-over-year Adjusted EPS was $5.08 for the quarter, an increase of 2% from a year ago, and was $20.22 for the full year, an increase of 16% from 2024. Adjusted earnings per share excludes the business interruption insurance recoveries related to the second quarter, 2024 CDK business incident. This amounted to $40 million on a pre-tax basis for the quarter and $80 million for the full year. Adjusted earnings per share also excludes charges for severance expenses and asset impairments. Slide 5 provides some color for vehicle performance. We've covered the market conditions leading to the fourth quarter's new unit sales decline of 9% or 10% on the same store basis for the quarter. The decline in sales of electric vehicles contributed to half of the unit sales decline. Adjusted EPS was $5.08 for the quarter, an increase of 2% from a year ago, and was $20.22 for the full year, an increase of 16% from 2024. adjusted eps was $5.08 for the quarter an increase of 2% from a year ago and was $20.22 for the full year an increase of 16% from 2024 Adjusted earnings per share excludes the business interruption insurance recoveries related to the second quarter, 2024 CDK business incident. adjusted earnings per share excludes the business interruption insurance recoveries related to the second quarter 2024 cdk business incident This amounted to $40 million on a pre-tax basis for the quarter and $80 million for the full year. this amounted to $40 million on a pre-tax basis for the quarter and $80 million for the full year Adjusted earnings per share also excludes charges for severance expenses and asset impairments. adjusted earnings per share also excludes charges for severance expenses and asset impairments Slide 5 provides some color for vehicle performance. slide 5 provides some color for vehicle performance We've covered the market conditions leading to the fourth quarter's new unit sales decline of 9% or 10% on the same store basis for the quarter. we've covered the market conditions leading to the fourth quarter's new unit sales decline of 9% or 10% on the same store basis for the quarter The decline in sales of electric vehicles contributed to half of the unit sales decline. the decline in sales of electric vehicles contributed to half of the unit sales decline Sequentially, internal combustion engines were up 8% from the third quarter, which is in line with historical norms. Our market share also improved from the third quarter. For the year, unit sales were up 2%. As I mentioned, average sales prices were stable for the quarter and the year. New vehicle unit profitability averaged approximately $2,400 for the quarter, increasing more than $100 or 5% from the third quarter. This sequential increase was consistent with prior years and reflects strong commercial performance in the face of declining OEM dealer incentives. New vehicle inventory amounted to 45 days of supply, up 6 days from the fourth quarter of last year and down from two days at the end of September. Sequentially, internal combustion engines were up 8% from the third quarter, which is in line with historical norms. sequentially internal combustion engines were up 8% from the third quarter which is in line with historical norms Our market share also improved from the third quarter. our market share also improved from the third quarter For the year, unit sales were up 2%. for the year unit sales were up 2% As I mentioned, average sales prices were stable for the quarter and the year. as i mentioned average sales prices were stable for the quarter and the year New vehicle unit profitability averaged approximately $2,400 for the quarter, increasing more than $100 or 5% from the third quarter. new vehicle unit profitability averaged approximately $2,400 for the quarter increasing more than $100 or 5% from the third quarter This sequential increase was consistent with prior years and reflects strong commercial performance in the face of declining OEM dealer incentives. this sequential increase was consistent with prior years and reflects strong commercial performance in the face of declining oem dealer incentives New vehicle inventory amounted to 45 days of supply, up 6 days from the fourth quarter of last year and down from two days at the end of September. new vehicle inventory amounted to 45 days of supply up 6 days from the fourth quarter of last year and down from two days at the end of september Turning to slide six, used vehicle fourth quarter retail unit sales decreased by 5% on a same-store basis and 3% on a total store basis. Average retail prices were up about 3% for the quarter and 1% for the year. For the full year, used unit sales increased by 1%. Overall, used vehicle profit was down 6% for the quarter, but up 5% for the year, reflecting increases in used retail and used wholesale. Q4 used vehicle profit per unit of $1,438 was lower than a year ago, reflecting higher acquisition costs, as Mike mentioned. For the full year, used profit per unit of $1,555 was flat from a year ago. We remain focused on optimizing vehicle acquisition, reconditioning, inventory velocity, and acquisition pricing, and we're also investing in creating a better customer experience. Turning to slide six, used vehicle fourth quarter retail unit sales decreased by 5% on a same-store basis and 3% on a total store basis. turning to slide six used vehicle fourth quarter retail unit sales decreased by 5% on a same-store basis and 3% on a total store basis Average retail prices were up about 3% for the quarter and 1% for the year. average retail prices were up about 3% for the quarter and 1% for the year For the full year, used unit sales increased by 1%. for the full year used unit sales increased by 1% Overall, used vehicle profit was down 6% for the quarter, but up 5% for the year, reflecting increases in used retail and used wholesale. overall used vehicle profit was down 6% for the quarter but up 5% for the year reflecting increases in used retail and used wholesale Q4 used vehicle profit per unit of $1,438 was lower than a year ago, reflecting higher acquisition costs, as Mike mentioned. q4 used vehicle profit per unit of $1,438 was lower than a year ago reflecting higher acquisition costs as mike mentioned For the full year, used profit per unit of $1,555 was flat from a year ago. for the full year used profit per unit of $1,555 was flat from a year ago We remain focused on optimizing vehicle acquisition, reconditioning, inventory velocity, and acquisition pricing, and we're also investing in creating a better customer experience. we remain focused on optimizing vehicle acquisition reconditioning inventory velocity and acquisition pricing and we're also investing in creating a better customer experience Overall, industry supply of used vehicles remains tight. We continue to be competitive in securing used vehicles from our own retail operations, including trade-ins, We'll Buy Your Car, services, loaner conversions, and lease returns, and we continue to source more than 90% of our vehicles through these internal sources. Let me move to slide seven on customer financial services. The momentum in CFS performance continues. Unit profitability was up 8% in the fourth quarter and 6% for the full year, reflecting improved margins on vehicle service contracts, consistent product attachment, and higher penetration of finance products. The continued strong unit profitability performance at CFS is even more impressive, considering the growth of AN Finance, which, while superior in long-term profitability, diluted our CFS PVR unit profitability in the fourth quarter by approximately $130 per unit. Overall, industry supply of used vehicles remains tight. overall industry supply of used vehicles remains tight We continue to be competitive in securing used vehicles from our own retail operations, including trade-ins, We'll Buy Your Car, services, loaner conversions, and lease returns, and we continue to source more than 90% of our vehicles through these internal sources. we continue to be competitive in securing used vehicles from our own retail operations including trade-ins we'll buy your car services loaner conversions and lease returns and we continue to source more than 90% of our vehicles through these internal sources Let me move to s lide seven on customer financial services. let me move to s lide seven on customer financial services The momentum in CFS performance continues. the momentum in cfs performance continues Unit profitability was up 8% in the fourth quarter and 6% for the full year, reflecting improved margins on vehicle service contracts, consistent product attachment, and higher penetration of finance products. unit profitability was up 8% in the fourth quarter and 6% for the full year reflecting improved margins on vehicle service contracts consistent product attachment and higher penetration of finance products The continued strong unit profitability performance at CFS is even more impressive, considering the growth of AN Finance, which, while superior in long-term profitability, diluted our CFS PVR unit profitability in the fourth quarter by approximately $130 per unit. the continued strong unit profitability performance at cfs is even more impressive considering the growth of an finance which while superior in long-term profitability diluted our cfs pvr unit profitability in the fourth quarter by approximately $130 per unit Absent this impact, our CFS unit profitability of 2,891 that you see on the slide for the fourth quarter would have been greater than $3,000. CFS total profit grew at a rate lower than our historical norms in the fourth quarter, given the new and used volumes, but was still up 8% for the full year. Slide eight provides an update on AN Finance, our captive finance company, and its excellent performance. As expected, the profitability of AN Finance is gaining meaningful traction as the portfolio matures and we get leverage of the fixed cost structure from the outstanding growth. For the full year, we improved from $9 million operating loss in 2024 to a $10 million operating profit, including $6 million profit in the fourth quarter. Absent this impact, our CFS unit profitability of 2,891 that you see on the slide for the fourth quarter would have been greater than $3,000. absent this impact our cfs unit profitability of 2,891 that you see on the slide for the fourth quarter would have been greater than $3,000 CFS total profit grew at a rate lower than our historical norms in the fourth quarter, given the new and used volumes, but was still up 8% for the full year. cfs total profit grew at a rate lower than our historical norms in the fourth quarter given the new and used volumes but was still up 8% for the full year Slide eight provides an update on AN Finance, our captive finance company, and its excellent performance. slide eight provides an update on an finance our captive finance company and its excellent performance As expected, the profitability of AN Finance is gaining meaningful traction as the portfolio matures and we get leverage of the fixed cost structure from the outstanding growth. as expected the profitability of an finance is gaining meaningful traction as the portfolio matures and we get leverage of the fixed cost structure from the outstanding growth For the full year, we improved from $9 million operating loss in 2024 to a $10 million operating profit, including $6 million profit in the fourth quarter. for the full year we improved from $9 million operating loss in 2024 to a $10 million operating profit including $6 million profit in the fourth quarter During the quarter, we originated $400 million in loans, bringing the full-year originations to $1.76 billion, up from $1.06 billion in 2024. We had approximately $170 million in customer repayments in the quarter. The AN Finance portfolio ended the year at $2.2 billion and has more than doubled since last year. The quality of the portfolio continues to improve. Our credit and performance metrics are improving, with average FICO scores on originations of 696 for the full year of 2025, compared to 678 a year ago and 623 in 2023. Thirty-day delinquencies at around 2.7% were largely stable as a percentage of the portfolio and in line with our expectations. During the quarter, we originated $400 million in loans, bringing the full-year originations to $1.76 billion, up from $1.06 billion in 2024. during the quarter we originated $400 million in loans bringing the full-year originations to $1.76 billion up from $1.06 billion in 2024 We had approximately $170 million in customer repayments in the quarter. we had approximately $170 million in customer repayments in the quarter The AN Finance portfolio ended the year at $2.2 billion and has more than doubled since last year. the an finance portfolio ended the year at $2.2 billion and has more than doubled since last year The quality of the portfolio continues to improve. the quality of the portfolio continues to improve Our credit and performance metrics are improving, with average FICO scores on originations of 696 for the full year of 2025, compared to 678 a year ago and 623 in 2023. our credit and performance metrics are improving with average fico scores on originations of 696 for the full year of 2025 compared to 678 a year ago and 623 in 2023 Thirty-day delinquencies at around 2.7% were largely stable as a percentage of the portfolio and in line with our expectations. thirty-day delinquencies at around 2.7% were largely stable as a percentage of the portfolio and in line with our expectations As we've discussed in the past, we do expect delinquency rates to continue to normalize as the portfolio continues toward full maturity, with delinquency rates migrating to the 3% range. Our loss reserving methodology incorporates this expectation. The non-recourse debt-funded status of the portfolio also continued to improve, as we have improved advance rates for our warehouse facilities and are benefiting from higher non-recourse debt funding levels from our $700 million ABS issuance completed during the second quarter. Our debt-funded status at December was 88%, compared to 75% a year ago and 59% in 2023. And this improved funding has freed up over $140 million of equity funding that we have used for other capital allocation opportunities. As we've discussed in the past, we do expect delinquency rates to continue to normalize as the portfolio continues toward full maturity, with delinquency rates migrating to the 3% range. as we've discussed in the past we do expect delinquency rates to continue to normalize as the portfolio continues toward full maturity with delinquency rates migrating to the 3% range Our loss reserving methodology incorporates this expectation. our loss reserving methodology incorporates this expectation The non-recourse debt-funded status of the portfolio also continued to improve, as we have improved advance rates for our warehouse facilities and are benefiting from higher non-recourse debt funding levels from our $700 million ABS issuance completed during the second quarter. the non-recourse debt-funded status of the portfolio also continued to improve as we have improved advance rates for our warehouse facilities and are benefiting from higher non-recourse debt funding levels from our $700 million abs issuance completed during the second quarter Our debt-funded status at December was 88%, compared to 75% a year ago and 59% in 2023. our debt-funded status at december was 88% compared to 75% a year ago and 59% in 2023 And this improved funding has freed up over $140 million of equity funding that we have used for other capital allocation opportunities. and this improved funding has freed up over $140 million of equity funding that we have used for other capital allocation opportunities In January of this year, we completed our second ABS offering for AN Finance for just under $750 million at a blended interest rate of 4.25%, with an advance rate of 98.7%, both improvements from our second quarter 2025 ABS offering. On a pro forma basis, this new offer will increase the funded status of the portfolio to more than 90%. Closing off on AN Finance, the business's attractive offerings are driving strong customer take-up, and we continue to expect attractive ROEs in the business, driven by profitability growth and moderating equity requirements. Moving to slide nine, after sales represents nearly one half of our gross profits, continued its impressive revenue and growth profit momentum. Gross profit for the quarter of close to $600 million was an AutoNation record. In January of this year, we completed our second ABS offering for AN Finance for just under $750 million at a blended interest rate of 4.25%, with an advance rate of 98.7%, both improvements from our second quarter 2025 ABS offering. in january of this year we completed our second abs offering for an finance for just under $750 million at a blended interest rate of 4.25% with an advance rate of 98.7% both improvements from our second quarter 2025 abs offering On a pro forma basis, this new offer will increase the funded status of the portfolio to more than 90%. on a pro forma basis this new offer will increase the funded status of the portfolio to more than 90% Closing off on AN Finance, the business's attractive offerings are driving strong customer take-up, and we continue to expect attractive ROEs in the business, driven by profitability growth and moderating equity requirements. closing off on an finance the business's attractive offerings are driving strong customer take-up and we continue to expect attractive roes in the business driven by profitability growth and moderating equity requirements Moving to slide nine, after sales represents nearly one half of our gross profits, continued its impressive revenue and growth profit momentum. moving to slide nine after sales represents nearly one half of our gross profits continued its impressive revenue and growth profit momentum Gross profit for the quarter of close to $600 million was an AutoNation record. gross profit for the quarter of close to $600 million was an autonation record Our results reflect higher repair order count, higher value repair order, and improved labor productivity. For the quarter, same-store revenue increased 5%, and gross profit was up 4%. For the full year, same-store revenue increased 6%, and gross profit increased 7%. The improvement in fourth quarter's gross profit was led by customer pay, which increased by 8%, and warranty, which increased 6%. Internal reconditioning was modestly lower in the quarter, reflecting lower used vehicle sales, as we've discussed. Our fourth quarter gross margin was stable versus 2024, at 48.3%. Now, this reflects higher growth in the wholesale parts business, which has more modest margins than the rest of the after-sales business, but it was offset by improvements in growth rates and customer pay, which were up 70 basis points. Our results reflect higher repair order count, higher value repair order, and improved labor productivity. our results reflect higher repair order count higher value repair order and improved labor productivity For the quarter, same-store revenue increased 5%, and gross profit was up 4%. for the quarter same-store revenue increased 5% and gross profit was up 4% For the full year, same-store revenue increased 6%, and gross profit increased 7%. for the full year same-store revenue increased 6% and gross profit increased 7% The improvement in fourth quarter's gross profit was led by customer pay, which increased by 8%, and warranty, which increased 6%. the improvement in fourth quarter's gross profit was led by customer pay which increased by 8% and warranty which increased 6% Internal reconditioning was modestly lower in the quarter, reflecting lower used vehicle sales, as we've discussed. internal reconditioning was modestly lower in the quarter reflecting lower used vehicle sales as we've discussed Our fourth quarter gross margin was stable versus 2024, at 48.3%. our fourth quarter gross margin was stable versus 2024 at 48.3% Now, this reflects higher growth in the wholesale parts business, which has more modest margins than the rest of the after-sales business, but it was offset by improvements in growth rates and customer pay, which were up 70 basis points. now this reflects higher growth in the wholesale parts business which has more modest margins than the rest of the after-sales business but it was offset by improvements in growth rates and customer pay which were up 70 basis points We remain focused on deploying technology to drive additional volume and productivity on, and, and on hiring, developing, and retaining our technicians. As Mike mentioned, these efforts have helped to increase our franchise technician headcount by more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis, reflecting better technician retention. The increased technician workforce is key to consistently delivering mid-single-digit growth in after-sales gross profit. To slide 10, adjusted free cash flow for the year was $1.05 billion, or 125% of our adjusted net income. Adjusted free cash flow increased by nearly $300 million a year ago, and free cash flow conversion improved by 20 basis points. We remain focused on deploying technology to drive additional volume and productivity on, and, and on hiring, developing, and retaining our technicians. we remain focused on deploying technology to drive additional volume and productivity on and and on hiring developing and retaining our technicians As Mike mentioned, these efforts have helped to increase our franchise technician headcount by more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis, reflecting better technician retention. as mike mentioned these efforts have helped to increase our franchise technician headcount by more than 3% from a year ago on a same-store basis reflecting better technician retention The increased technician workforce is key to consistently delivering mid-single-digit growth in after-sales gross profit. the increased technician workforce is key to consistently delivering mid-single-digit growth in after-sales gross profit To slide 10, adjusted free cash flow for the year was $1.05 billion, or 125% of our adjusted net income. to slide 10 adjusted free cash flow for the year was $1.05 billion or 125% of our adjusted net income Adjusted free cash flow increased by nearly $300 million a year ago, and free cash flow conversion improved by 20 basis points. adjusted free cash flow increased by nearly $300 million a year ago and free cash flow conversion improved by 20 basis points The increased cash flow represents stronger operational performance, including our continued focus on working capital and cycle times, CapEx management and prioritization, resulting in $20 million less CapEx in 2025, and the recovery from the CDK outage, including the $80 million in business interruption-related insurance receipts I mentioned earlier. We excluded the CDK recovery from the 125, 125% free cash flow conversion calculation. Our capital expenditures depreciation ratio was 1.25, compared to 1.4 a year ago. We continued to focus on driving free cash flow to improve, to provide maximum, capital deployment capacity. Turning to slide 11. The increased cash flow represents stronger operational performance, including our continued focus on working capital and cycle times, CapEx management and prioritization, resulting in $20 million less CapEx in 2025, and the recovery from the CDK outage, including the $80 million in business interruption-related insurance receipts I mentioned earlier. the increased cash flow represents stronger operational performance including our continued focus on working capital and cycle times capex management and prioritization resulting in $20 million less capex in 2025 and the recovery from the cdk outage including the $80 million in business interruption-related insurance receipts i mentioned earlier We excluded the CDK recovery from the 125, 125% free cash flow conversion calculation. we excluded the cdk recovery from the 125 125% free cash flow conversion calculation Our capital expenditures depreciation ratio was 1.25, compared to 1.4 a year ago. our capital expenditures depreciation ratio was 1.25 compared to 1.4 a year ago We continued to focus on driving free cash flow to improve, to provide maximum, capital deployment capacity. we continued to focus on driving free cash flow to improve to provide maximum capital deployment capacity Turning to slide 11. turning to slide 11 For the full year, we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital, with half of it being reinvested in the business in the form of CapEx and M&A, and half returned to our shareholders. We remain prudent in our CapEx methodology, which is mostly maintenance-related, compulsory spending, and totaled $309 million for 2025. We continue to actively explore M&A opportunities to add scale and density to our existing markets. In 2025, we invested $460 million, closing on transactions in Baltimore, Denver, and Chicago, as Mike discussed. Share repurchases are an important part of our playbook. For the full year, we repurchased $785 million, or 10% of shares at the beginning of the year, at an average price of $193 per share. For the full year, we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital, with half of it being reinvested in the business in the form of CapEx and M&A, and half returned to our shareholders. for the full year we deployed over $1.5 billion in capital with half of it being reinvested in the business in the form of capex and m&a and half returned to our shareholders We remain prudent in our CapEx methodology, which is mostly maintenance-related, compulsory spending, and totaled $309 million for 2025. we remain prudent in our capex methodology which is mostly maintenance-related compulsory spending and totaled $309 million for 2025 We continue to actively explore M&A opportunities to add scale and density to our existing markets. we continue to actively explore m&a opportunities to add scale and density to our existing markets In 2025, we invested $460 million, closing on transactions in Baltimore, Denver, and Chicago, as Mike discussed. in 2025 we invested $460 million closing on transactions in baltimore denver and chicago as mike discussed Share repurchases are an important part of our playbook. share repurchases are an important part of our playbook For the full year, we repurchased $785 million, or 10% of shares at the beginning of the year, at an average price of $193 per share. for the full year we repurchased $785 million or 10% of shares at the beginning of the year at an average price of $193 per share In the last three years, we've repurchased a total of $2.1 billion, representing 36% share count reduction at an average price of $170 a share. In our capital allocation decisioning, we also consider our investment-grade balance sheet and the associated leverage levels. At quarter end, our leverage was 2.44x EBITDA, almost identical with a 2.45x EBITDA at the end of last year, and well within our 2-3 times long-term target, giving us additional dry powder for capital allocation going forward. Now, let me turn the call back to Mike before we go into question and answer. In the last three years, we've repurchased a total of $2.1 billion, representing 36% share count reduction at an average price of $170 a share. in the last three years we've repurchased a total of $2.1 billion representing 36% share count reduction at an average price of $170 a share In our capital allocation decisioning, we also consider our investment-grade balance sheet and the associated leverage levels. in our capital allocation decisioning we also consider our investment-grade balance sheet and the associated leverage levels At quarter end, our leverage was 2.44x EBITDA, almost identical with a 2.45x EBITDA at the end of last year, and well within our 2-3 times long-term target, giving us additional dry powder for capital allocation going forward. at quarter end our leverage was 2.44x ebitda almost identical with a 2.45x ebitda at the end of last year and well within our 2-3 times long-term target giving us additional dry powder for capital allocation going forward Now, let me turn the call back to Mike before we go into question and answer. now let me turn the call back to mike before we go into question and answer

Speaker 7: Yeah, thanks, Tom. So in summary, 2025 was a year of growth for AutoNation. Organic growth with volume up, revenue up, and after-sales margin up. Acquisition growth, with the addition of five dealerships with great brands. Cash flow growth, as Tom mentioned, with Adjusted Free Cash Flow over $1 billion, up 39%. Capital allocation, I think, in the year was very balanced and disciplined, and all of this, in combination, resulted in an increase in adjusted net income and improvements in Adjusted EPS of over 16% that both Tom and I have been talking about, and I think capped off a very solid year of growth for AutoNation. I'd like to thank all of our colleagues and associates in the business for everything that they did. Yeah, thanks, Tom. yeah thanks tom So in summary, 2025 was a year of growth for AutoNation. so in summary 2025 was a year of growth for autonation Organic growth with volume up, revenue up, and after-sales margin up. organic growth with volume up revenue up and after-sales margin up Acquisition growth, with the addition of five dealerships with great brands. acquisition growth with the addition of five dealerships with great brands Cash flow growth, as Tom mentioned, with Adjusted Free Cash Flow over $1 billion, up 39%. cash flow growth as tom mentioned with adjusted free cash flow over $1 billion up 39% Capital allocation, I think, in the year was very balanced and disciplined, and all of this, in combination, resulted in an increase in adjusted net income and improvements in Adjusted EPS of over 16% that both Tom and I have been talking about, and I think capped off a very solid year of growth for AutoNation. capital allocation i think in the year was very balanced and disciplined and all of this in combination resulted in an increase in adjusted net income and improvements in adjusted eps of over 16% that both tom and i have been talking about and i think capped off a very solid year of growth for autonation I'd like to thank all of our colleagues and associates in the business for everything that they did. i'd like to thank all of our colleagues and associates in the business for everything that they did Just briefly turning and looking ahead to 2026 and just some of the commentary that we have. We obviously expect to move in line with the, in line with the market, and we think the market will be slightly down in 2026 compared to 2025, but there could be some benefits from known tailwinds around withholding tax rates, refunds, and bonus depreciation. But that's our expectations we see here today. From a new unit profitability, we think it will remain fairly stable with the second half of 2025 levels. That's our expectation, at least for the, the coming few months. And we believe that the used vehicle market is going to still remain constrained, to some extent, but we think it will show improvements year-over-year. And from our CFS business, we spent some time talking about that on the call. Just briefly turning and looking ahead to 2026 and just some of the commentary that we have. just briefly turning and looking ahead to 2026 and just some of the commentary that we have We obviously expect to move in line with the, in line with the market, and we think the market will be slightly down in 2026 compared to 2025, but there could be some benefits from known tailwinds around withholding tax rates, refunds, and bonus depreciation. we obviously expect to move in line with the in line with the market and we think the market will be slightly down in 2026 compared to 2025 but there could be some benefits from known tailwinds around withholding tax rates refunds and bonus depreciation But that's our expectations we see here today. but that's our expectations we see here today From a new unit profitability, we think it will remain fairly stable with the second half of 2025 levels. from a new unit profitability we think it will remain fairly stable with the second half of 2025 levels That's our expectation, at least for the, the coming few months. that's our expectation at least for the the coming few months And we believe that the used vehicle market is going to still remain constrained, to some extent, but we think it will show improvements year-over-year. and we believe that the used vehicle market is going to still remain constrained to some extent but we think it will show improvements year-over-year And from our CFS business, we spent some time talking about that on the call. and from our cfs business we spent some time talking about that on the call But, what's important for us is to maintain the performance that we have, and that's a big, big focus for all of us, but being very aware of customer sensitivity to monthly payments, which clearly is a key topic for the business, and for us going forward. We're gonna continue to expand AM Finance portfolio and grow its profitability. That will drive more SG&A leverage that Tom mentioned in his commentary. And then just finally, turning to aftersales, I'd like to thank our aftersales colleagues across the entire business for the record that they delivered in Q4. We think we're well positioned, frankly, to continue that growth in mid-single digit growth numbers, and I think we have believers, and we're certainly putting the resource in place to help facilitate that. But, what's important for us is to maintain the performance that we have, and that's a big, big focus for all of us, but being very aware of customer sensitivity to monthly payments, which clearly is a key topic for the business, and for us going forward. but what's important for us is to maintain the performance that we have and that's a big big focus for all of us but being very aware of customer sensitivity to monthly payments which clearly is a key topic for the business and for us going forward We're gonna continue to expand AM Finance portfolio and grow its profitability. we're gonna continue to expand am finance portfolio and grow its profitability That will drive more SG&A leverage that Tom mentioned in his commentary. that will drive more sg&a leverage that tom mentioned in his commentary And then just finally, turning to aftersales, I'd like to thank our aftersales colleagues across the entire business for the record that they delivered in Q4. and then just finally turning to aftersales i'd like to thank our aftersales colleagues across the entire business for the record that they delivered in q4 We think we're well positioned, frankly, to continue that growth in mid-single digit growth numbers, and I think we have believers, and we're certainly putting the resource in place to help facilitate that. we think we're well positioned frankly to continue that growth in mid-single digit growth numbers and i think we have believers and we're certainly putting the resource in place to help facilitate that I think all of that will enable us to continue to deliver strong cash flow and obviously be able to deploy significant capital. We've got a strong financial position. Tom mentioned our investment-grade balance sheet. I think our operations are disciplined. I think we can continue to do that and continue to improve productivity. Ultimately, the aim is to continue the growth that I mentioned before. With that, I'm going to open it up for questions, if I may. I think all of that will enable us to continue to deliver strong cash flow and obviously be able to deploy significant capital. i think all of that will enable us to continue to deliver strong cash flow and obviously be able to deploy significant capital We've got a strong financial position. we've got a strong financial position Tom mentioned our investment-grade balance sheet. tom mentioned our investment-grade balance sheet I think our operations are disciplined. i think our operations are disciplined I think we can continue to do that and continue to improve productivity. i think we can continue to do that and continue to improve productivity Ultimately, the aim is to continue the growth that I mentioned before. ultimately the aim is to continue the growth that i mentioned before With that, I'm going to open it up for questions, if I may. with that i'm going to open it up for questions if i may

Speaker 10: Yeah, Adam, if you could please remind the audience how to get in queue. Yeah, Adam, if you could please remind the audience how to get in queue. yeah adam if you could please remind the audience how to get in queue

Speaker 8: Of course. If you'd like to ask a question today, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you find your question has been answered or you'd like to withdraw, please press star followed by two. Our first question today comes from Rajat Gupta from JP Morgan. Rajat, your line is open. Please go ahead. Of course. of course If you'd like to ask a question today, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. if you'd like to ask a question today please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad If you find your question has been answered or you'd like to withdraw, please press star followed by two. if you find your question has been answered or you'd like to withdraw please press star followed by two Our first question today comes from Rajat Gupta from JP Morgan. our first question today comes from rajat gupta from jp morgan Rajat, your line is open. rajat your line is open Please go ahead. please go ahead

Speaker 9: Great. Thanks for taking the question. Just had a couple, you know, just first on the new car business. The unit numbers seem a little weaker, you know, than some of the peers, you know, some of the industry metrics, although the profitability was better. I'm curious, was there a temporary trade-off decision that you made in the quarter, around, you know, profitability versus sales, or was it just a function of, you know, comparisons and just your regional and brand mix, that might have driven that 10% same store decline? And I have a quick follow-up. Thanks. Great. great Thanks for taking the question. thanks for taking the question Just had a couple, you know, just first on the new car business. just had a couple you know just first on the new car business The unit numbers seem a little weaker, you know, than some of the peers, you know, some of the industry metrics, although the profitability was better. the unit numbers seem a little weaker you know than some of the peers you know some of the industry metrics although the profitability was better I'm curious, was there a temporary trade-off decision that you made in the quarter, around, you know, profitability versus sales, or was it just a function of, you know, comparisons and just your regional and brand mix, that might have driven that 10% same store decline? i'm curious was there a temporary trade-off decision that you made in the quarter around you know profitability versus sales or was it just a function of you know comparisons and just your regional and brand mix that might have driven that 10% same store decline And I have a quick follow-up. and i have a quick follow-up Thanks. thanks

Speaker 7: Yeah, Rajat, this is Mike. I think there are a number of things that we were taking into consideration. Firstly, we mentioned that we saw year-over-year and in fact, quarter-over-quarter, a reduction in OEM dealer-facing incentives. We offset some of that with margin because obviously, it impacts net transaction price. But particularly year-over-year, that reduction we had to be very careful in our consideration and balance between volume and margin. In fact, the largest drop, by the way, was dealers, OEM dealer support for hybrid and battery electric vehicles, as you can imagine. So that was one dynamic that we saw in the quarter. The second one was, if you think about where the key reduction came from us, EVs and BEVs represented about 30% of our mix Q4 2024. Yeah, Rajat, this is Mike. yeah rajat this is mike I think there are a number of things that we were taking into consideration. i think there are a number of things that we were taking into consideration Firstly, we mentioned that we saw year-over-year and in fact, quarter-over-quarter, a reduction in OEM dealer-facing incentives. firstly we mentioned that we saw year-over-year and in fact quarter-over-quarter a reduction in oem dealer-facing incentives We offset some of that with margin because obviously, it impacts net transaction price. we offset some of that with margin because obviously it impacts net transaction price But particularly year-over-year, that reduction we had to be very careful in our consideration and balance between volume and margin. but particularly year-over-year that reduction we had to be very careful in our consideration and balance between volume and margin In fact, the largest drop, by the way, was dealers, OEM dealer support for hybrid and battery electric vehicles, as you can imagine. in fact the largest drop by the way was dealers oem dealer support for hybrid and battery electric vehicles as you can imagine So that was one dynamic that we saw in the quarter. so that was one dynamic that we saw in the quarter The second one was, if you think about where the key reduction came from us, EVs and BEVs represented about 30% of our mix Q4 2024. the second one was if you think about where the key reduction came from us evs and bevs represented about 30% of our mix q4 2024 That dropped to 20% in Q4 2025. That's 60% reduction in EV volume. So the biggest impact on that 10% that you referenced, by far, came from electrified powertrains. And I think the combination of those things and the way that we were trying to make sure we had a good balance between our market share performance, but also margin, led to what we delivered, which was, I think, a good sequential improvement in new vehicle margin and also reflective of some of the things we were trying to do in the business. And it was those two things really that resulted in our position that we ended up with. That dropped to 20% in Q4 2025. that dropped to 20% in q4 2025 That's 60% reduction in EV volume. that's 60% reduction in ev volume So the biggest impact on that 10% that you referenced, by far, came from electrified powertrains. so the biggest impact on that 10% that you referenced by far came from electrified powertrains And I think the combination of those things and the way that we were trying to make sure we had a good balance between our market share performance, but also margin, led to what we delivered, which was, I think, a good sequential improvement in new vehicle margin and also reflective of some of the things we were trying to do in the business. and i think the combination of those things and the way that we were trying to make sure we had a good balance between our market share performance but also margin led to what we delivered which was i think a good sequential improvement in new vehicle margin and also reflective of some of the things we were trying to do in the business And it was those two things really that resulted in our position that we ended up with. and it was those two things really that resulted in our position that we ended up with

Speaker 9: Understood. Understood. That's, that's helpful. And then just, you know, maybe for Tom, you know, on, on AutoNation Finance, really, really quick and, you know, good progress there in terms of the maturity of that portfolio. I'm curious, you know, how should we think about, you know, the cadence of profitability here over the next year or maybe, you know, the year beyond? I mean, are, are we at a point in your trade-off between penetration pace versus portfolio maturity, that it's safe to expect a continued inflection in the profitability here? I'm curious, like, how you plan to balance that. You know, any guardrails you can give us, you know, maybe even around net interest margin or, or loss ratios also would be helpful. Thanks. Understood. understood Understood. understood That's, that's helpful. that's that's helpful And then just, you know, maybe for Tom, you know, on, on AutoNation Finance, really, really quick and, you know, good progress there in terms of the maturity of that portfolio. and then just you know maybe for tom you know on on autonation finance really really quick and you know good progress there in terms of the maturity of that portfolio I'm curious, you know, how should we think about, you know, the cadence of profitability here over the next year or maybe, you know, the year beyond? i'm curious you know how should we think about you know the cadence of profitability here over the next year or maybe you know the year beyond I mean, are, are we at a point in your trade-off between penetration pace versus portfolio maturity, that it's safe to expect a continued inflection in the profitability here? i mean are are we at a point in your trade-off between penetration pace versus portfolio maturity that it's safe to expect a continued inflection in the profitability here I'm curious, like, how you plan to balance that. i'm curious like how you plan to balance that You know, any guardrails you can give us, you know, maybe even around net interest margin or, or loss ratios also would be helpful. you know any guardrails you can give us you know maybe even around net interest margin or or loss ratios also would be helpful Thanks. thanks

Speaker 10: Thanks, Rajat. Yeah, we're really happy with the growth that we're seeing in the portfolio. I mean, the growth rates, I mean, let's put it this way, the doubling of the portfolio, you know, is a real harbinger for the future. And, you know, we don't realize all those benefits in the year it doubles, as you realize, because of the, you know, the charges, the upfront charges for CECL and so forth. As we mentioned, $6 million we achieved in the fourth quarter. And I think that's probably a decent starting point as you look, you know, on a quarterly basis through 2026. Thanks, Rajat. thanks rajat Yeah, we're really happy with the growth that we're seeing in the portfolio. yeah we're really happy with the growth that we're seeing in the portfolio I mean, the growth rates, I mean, let's put it this way, the doubling of the portfolio, you know, is a real harbinger for the future. i mean the growth rates i mean let's put it this way the doubling of the portfolio you know is a real harbinger for the future And, you know, we don't realize all those benefits in the year it doubles, as you realize, because of the, you know, the charges, the upfront charges for CECL and so forth. and you know we don't realize all those benefits in the year it doubles as you realize because of the you know the charges the upfront charges for cecl and so forth As we mentioned, $6 million we achieved in the fourth quarter. as we mentioned $6 million we achieved in the fourth quarter And I think that's probably a decent starting point as you look, you know, on a quarterly basis through 2026. and i think that's probably a decent starting point as you look you know on a quarterly basis through 2026 So that, you know, will give you some, you know, a nice starting point for what the, what the P&L will look like for ANF. I think we're reasonably confident on net interest margin. The portfolio from a delinquency perspective and risk perspective is well managed by the team. The delinquency, as I said, will grow as... You know, it's mostly a brand-new portfolio, so you start to see your delinquencies as it matures, but we've got that factored in. So I believe that our performance trajectory and the income improvement will continue. We'll be in a good position throughout, you know, 2026. So that, you know, will give you some, you know, a nice starting point for what the, what the P&L will look like for ANF. so that you know will give you some you know a nice starting point for what the what the p&l will look like for anf I think we're reasonably confident on net interest margin. i think we're reasonably confident on net interest margin The portfolio from a delinquency perspective and risk perspective is well managed by the team. the portfolio from a delinquency perspective and risk perspective is well managed by the team The delinquency, as I said, will grow as... the delinquency as i said will grow as You know, it's mostly a brand-new portfolio, so you start to see your delinquencies as it matures, but we've got that factored in. you know it's mostly a brand-new portfolio so you start to see your delinquencies as it matures but we've got that factored in So I believe that our performance trajectory and the income improvement will continue. so i believe that our performance trajectory and the income improvement will continue We'll be in a good position throughout, you know, 2026. we'll be in a good position throughout you know 2026

Speaker 9: Do you expect to maintain these? What's the upper end you have in mind on penetration for the portfolio or immediate- Do you expect to maintain these? do you expect to maintain these What's the upper end you have in mind on penetration for the portfolio or immediate- what's the upper end you have in mind on penetration for the portfolio or immediate-

Speaker 10: I think it's, I mean, it's really strong on, on the used, side, as you know. I mean, on, on the, on the new side, we, you know, we're, we're partnering with our OEMs as well, you know, from a financing perspective. You know, so as we grow, continue to grow our, our used business, we, we do see opportunity to drive, further penetration. We got great partnerships, some great programs with our, our lending partners outside of ANF, that I think are going to, you know, help continue this trajectory. I think it's, I mean, it's really strong on, on the used, side, as you know. i think it's i mean it's really strong on on the used side as you know I mean, on, on the, on the new side, we, you know, we're, we're partnering with our OEMs as well, you know, from a financing perspective. i mean on on the on the new side we you know we're we're partnering with our oems as well you know from a financing perspective You know, so as we grow, continue to grow our, our used business, we, we do see opportunity to drive, further penetration. you know so as we grow continue to grow our our used business we we do see opportunity to drive further penetration We got great partnerships, some great programs with our, our lending partners outside of ANF, that I think are going to, you know, help continue this trajectory. we got great partnerships some great programs with our our lending partners outside of anf that i think are going to you know help continue this trajectory

Speaker 7: Well, let me just add just some color to it, if I may, Tom. Well, let me just add just some color to it, if I may, Tom. well let me just add just some color to it if i may tom

Speaker 10: Sure. Sure. sure

Speaker 7: I think Tom's exactly right. There are a few things that are important to us. One is, we work in partnership with all of our OEM captives, which means we're very, very clear with our teams about that relationship. And frankly, we cannot compete with an OEM captive because of the way that they subsidize either their leases, obviously, or their finance rates, and that is not our job to do. We've improved our penetration in what we call the market that is open for us to be competitive in, and that is those new vehicles, those few new vehicles that don't qualify or wouldn't benefit our customers wouldn't benefit from subsidized finance. And obviously, all of our used vehicle volume that falls within the buy box that we've established for the company. I think Tom's exactly right. i think tom's exactly right There are a few things that are important to us. there are a few things that are important to us One is, we work in partnership with all of our OEM captives, which means we're very, very clear with our teams about that relationship. one is we work in partnership with all of our oem captives which means we're very very clear with our teams about that relationship And frankly, we cannot compete with an OEM captive because of the way that they subsidize either their leases, obviously, or their finance rates, and that is not our job to do. and frankly we cannot compete with an oem captive because of the way that they subsidize either their leases obviously or their finance rates and that is not our job to do We've improved our penetration in what we call the market that is open for us to be competitive in, and that is those new vehicles, those few new vehicles that don't qualify or wouldn't benefit our customers wouldn't benefit from subsidized finance. we've improved our penetration in what we call the market that is open for us to be competitive in and that is those new vehicles those few new vehicles that don't qualify or wouldn't benefit our customers wouldn't benefit from subsidized finance And obviously, all of our used vehicle volume that falls within the buy box that we've established for the company. and obviously all of our used vehicle volume that falls within the buy box that we've established for the company We're very, very disciplined in that buy box, and our penetration has improved over the years, but we still have headroom to improve even further. The constraint, really, on our growth, even though it was very good, was well-balanced between Jeff Butler, who's our CEO of our business, and Tom, to make sure that in terms of the way we're thinking about allocation of resources in the business, we had balance. But it could have grown, it could have grown faster than it did, but I was very pleased with the discipline that they set. So I do think that there is opportunity from a penetration point of view. And as we mentioned earlier, our penetration mainly is coming from the used car market, and as I said, we think there will be some stability in volumes in that area. We're very, very disciplined in that buy box, and our penetration has improved over the years, but we still have headroom to improve even further. we're very very disciplined in that buy box and our penetration has improved over the years but we still have headroom to improve even further The constraint, really, on our growth, even though it was very good, was well-balanced between Jeff Butler, who's our CEO of our business, and Tom, to make sure that in terms of the way we're thinking about allocation of resources in the business, we had balance. the constraint really on our growth even though it was very good was well-balanced between jeff butler who's our ceo of our business and tom to make sure that in terms of the way we're thinking about allocation of resources in the business we had balance But it could have grown, it could have grown faster than it did, but I was very pleased with the discipline that they set. but it could have grown it could have grown faster than it did but i was very pleased with the discipline that they set So I do think that there is opportunity from a penetration point of view. so i do think that there is opportunity from a penetration point of view And as we mentioned earlier, our penetration mainly is coming from the used car market, and as I said, we think there will be some stability in volumes in that area. and as we mentioned earlier our penetration mainly is coming from the used car market and as i said we think there will be some stability in volumes in that area

Speaker 9: Understood. Understood. Great. Thanks for all the color, and good luck. Understood. understood Understood. understood Great. great Thanks for all the color, and good luck. thanks for all the color and good luck

Speaker 8: The next question comes from John Babcock at Barclays. John, please go ahead. Your line is open. The next question comes from John Babcock at Barclays. the next question comes from john babcock at barclays John, please go ahead. john please go ahead Your line is open. your line is open

Speaker 5: Hey, good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. I guess just quickly, just on capital spending, is there any reason to think that 2026 would be any different from 2025? And then also, if you could just talk about the M&A market, how that looks right now, and how you plan to balance that with share buybacks in the near ahead, that'd be great. Hey, good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. hey good morning and thanks for taking my questions I guess just quickly, just on capital spending, is there any reason to think that 2026 would be any different from 2025? i guess just quickly just on capital spending is there any reason to think that 2026 would be any different from 2025 And then also, if you could just talk about the M&A market, how that looks right now, and how you plan to balance that with share buybacks in the near ahead, that'd be great. and then also if you could just talk about the m&a market how that looks right now and how you plan to balance that with share buybacks in the near ahead that'd be great

Speaker 10: Yeah. Thanks, John. Thanks for the question. From a CapEx perspective, I think we're, I think 2025 levels are a reasonable starting point for 2026. I mean, it's pretty locked down in terms of the spending that we do. As you know, it's mostly you know, maintaining our properties and keeping up with OEM requirements on the latest you know, models to the stores. We've got some service growth as well that we're you know, supporting. But I think the levels that we spent at in 2025 are sustainable for 2026. Yeah. yeah Thanks, John. thanks john Thanks for the question. thanks for the question From a CapEx perspective, I think we're, I think 2025 levels are a reasonable starting point for 2026. from a capex perspective i think we're i think 2025 levels are a reasonable starting point for 2026 I mean, it's pretty locked down in terms of the spending that we do. i mean it's pretty locked down in terms of the spending that we do As you know, it's mostly you know, maintaining our properties and keeping up with OEM requirements on the latest you know, models to the stores. as you know it's mostly you know maintaining our properties and keeping up with oem requirements on the latest you know models to the stores We've got some service growth as well that we're you know, supporting. we've got some service growth as well that we're you know supporting But I think the levels that we spent at in 2025 are sustainable for 2026. but i think the levels that we spent at in 2025 are sustainable for 2026 In terms of M&A, and Mike is as involved in this as I am, so it'd be good to hear his commentary as well. But you know, we had a really strong year. We saw a number of opportunities across, you know, all four quarters in 2025 in terms of, you know, opportunities. I think we were selective. I think you saw where we spent our money in terms of regions and brands. And as Mike said, you know, we've got we ended up with some like very high-quality brands and, you know, in territories where we have density, where we think we can create operating synergies. In terms of M&A, and Mike is as involved in this as I am, so it'd be good to hear his commentary as well. in terms of m&a and mike is as involved in this as i am so it'd be good to hear his commentary as well But you know, we had a really strong year. but you know we had a really strong year We saw a number of opportunities across, you know, all four quarters in 2025 in terms of, you know, opportunities. we saw a number of opportunities across you know all four quarters in 2025 in terms of you know opportunities I think we were selective. i think we were selective I think you saw where we spent our money in terms of regions and brands. i think you saw where we spent our money in terms of regions and brands And as Mike said, you know, we've got we ended up with some like very high-quality brands and, you know, in territories where we have density, where we think we can create operating synergies. and as mike said you know we've got we ended up with some like very high-quality brands and you know in territories where we have density where we think we can create operating synergies And I'm confident that, you know, 2026, there will be, you know, continued opportunities for us in the dealership space, and we'll remain disciplined, and then we'll go for the ones that, you know, pencil out for us, and then allow us to take advantage of, you know, where we're present and where we can drive operating synergies. And I'm confident that, you know, 2026, there will be, you know, continued opportunities for us in the dealership space, and we'll remain disciplined, and then we'll go for the ones that, you know, pencil out for us, and then allow us to take advantage of, you know, where we're present and where we can drive operating synergies. and i'm confident that you know 2026 there will be you know continued opportunities for us in the dealership space and we'll remain disciplined and then we'll go for the ones that you know pencil out for us and then allow us to take advantage of you know where we're present and where we can drive operating synergies

Speaker 7: Well, I think it's a pretty complete answer, but just to add some color on the process that we have. Like all organizations, when we think about the capital deployed, we have a number of hurdle rates, but the key one for us is on a per shareholder basis, and what are we able to return, thinking about it from individual shareholder perspective, which to a large extent can be an interesting hurdle to have when you think about M&A. The good news is there are opportunities where not only does the business that we're interested in deliver reasonable event, we can bring significant synergies to it. And obviously, that's not something that is usually or very easily apparent when you first think about purchase prices of some of these assets. Well, I think it's a pretty complete answer, but just to add some color on the process that we have. well i think it's a pretty complete answer but just to add some color on the process that we have Like all organizations, when we think about the capital deployed, we have a number of hurdle rates, but the key one for us is on a per shareholder basis, and what are we able to return, thinking about it from individual shareholder perspective, which to a large extent can be an interesting hurdle to have when you think about M&A. like all organizations when we think about the capital deployed we have a number of hurdle rates but the key one for us is on a per shareholder basis and what are we able to return thinking about it from individual shareholder perspective which to a large extent can be an interesting hurdle to have when you think about m&a The good news is there are opportunities where not only does the business that we're interested in deliver reasonable event, we can bring significant synergies to it. the good news is there are opportunities where not only does the business that we're interested in deliver reasonable event we can bring significant synergies to it And obviously, that's not something that is usually or very easily apparent when you first think about purchase prices of some of these assets. and obviously that's not something that is usually or very easily apparent when you first think about purchase prices of some of these assets But it is clearly a big consideration for us because we have significant invested resources and capabilities that we obviously get leverage in the businesses that we're adding, so long as we're adding them into geographies and densities that makes sense, and that is a big part of the calculation. We're also thinking about the incremental EBITDA that is delivered from these acquisitions and how we can leverage that in the business for further return to our shareholders, whether it is through revenue or net income growth or whether it is in terms of share repurchases. So I think there are opportunities that are coming to the market. It is reasonably buoyant in my view. We are, like everybody would tell you, very selective and very clear on the hurdles of what makes an attractive target or not. But it is clearly a big consideration for us because we have significant invested resources and capabilities that we obviously get leverage in the businesses that we're adding, so long as we're adding them into geographies and densities that makes sense, and that is a big part of the calculation. but it is clearly a big consideration for us because we have significant invested resources and capabilities that we obviously get leverage in the businesses that we're adding so long as we're adding them into geographies and densities that makes sense and that is a big part of the calculation We're also thinking about the incremental EBITDA that is delivered from these acquisitions and how we can leverage that in the business for further return to our shareholders, whether it is through revenue or net income growth or whether it is in terms of share repurchases. we're also thinking about the incremental ebitda that is delivered from these acquisitions and how we can leverage that in the business for further return to our shareholders whether it is through revenue or net income growth or whether it is in terms of share repurchases So I think there are opportunities that are coming to the market. so i think there are opportunities that are coming to the market It is reasonably buoyant in my view. it is reasonably buoyant in my view We are, like everybody would tell you, very selective and very clear on the hurdles of what makes an attractive target or not. we are like everybody would tell you very selective and very clear on the hurdles of what makes an attractive target or not I think that's the best I can add to what Tom said. I think that's the best I can add to what Tom said. i think that's the best i can add to what tom said

Speaker 5: All right. Thanks for that color. And then just one follow-on. I am just kind of curious, how did hybrid GPUs trend in the quarter? And then also, what are your expectations on when EVG, electric vehicle GPUs might start to normalize with typical combustion engine vehicles? Any color on that would be helpful. All right. all right Thanks for that color. thanks for that color And then just one follow-on. and then just one follow-on I am just kind of curious, how did hybrid GPUs trend in the quarter? i am just kind of curious how did hybrid gpus trend in the quarter And then also, what are your expectations on when EVG, electric vehicle GPUs might start to normalize with typical combustion engine vehicles? and then also what are your expectations on when evg electric vehicle gpus might start to normalize with typical combustion engine vehicles Any color on that would be helpful. any color on that would be helpful

Speaker 7: Yeah. Well, as I already mentioned on comments, we saw quite a significant pullback in terms of incentive contribution from our OEMs in terms of dealer support incentives. So let me get the exact numbers for you so that I can be completely accurate with you. Overall, GPUs on hybrids reduced on battery electric vehicles in Q4 and were largely flat. Tom, check my numbers on that on HEVs. But we obviously benefited from a very significant mix change in the quarter. Yeah. yeah Well, as I already mentioned on comments, we saw quite a significant pullback in terms of incentive contribution from our OEMs in terms of dealer support incentives. well as i already mentioned on comments we saw quite a significant pullback in terms of incentive contribution from our oems in terms of dealer support incentives So let me get the exact numbers for you so that I can be completely accurate with you. so let me get the exact numbers for you so that i can be completely accurate with you Overall, GPUs on hybrids reduced on battery electric vehicles in Q4 and were largely flat. overall gpus on hybrids reduced on battery electric vehicles in q4 and were largely flat Tom, check my numbers on that on HEVs. tom check my numbers on that on hevs But we obviously benefited from a very significant mix change in the quarter. but we obviously benefited from a very significant mix change in the quarter From a stabilization of margins, I think if the industry stabilizes around 2%-3% penetration, that will be based upon a proper demand and supply balance, then I think you will begin to see some improvement in margins, both on battery electric vehicles in particular, but that, in my view, is not going to happen in 2026. I think it will take longer for that, but I do think you will see improvement in hybrid margins throughout 2026 with a better balance, because many people find that a much more attractive powertrain combination than just battery electric vehicles. Tom, just- From a stabilization of margins, I think if the industry stabilizes around 2%-3% penetration, that will be based upon a proper demand and supply balance, then I think you will begin to see some improvement in margins, both on battery electric vehicles in particular, but that, in my view, is not going to happen in 2026. from a stabilization of margins i think if the industry stabilizes around 2%-3% penetration that will be based upon a proper demand and supply balance then i think you will begin to see some improvement in margins both on battery electric vehicles in particular but that in my view is not going to happen in 2026 I think it will take longer for that, but I do think you will see improvement in hybrid margins throughout 2026 with a better balance, because many people find that a much more attractive powertrain combination than just battery electric vehicles. i think it will take longer for that but i do think you will see improvement in hybrid margins throughout 2026 with a better balance because many people find that a much more attractive powertrain combination than just battery electric vehicles Tom, just- tom just-

Speaker 10: Yeah, just yeah. Yeah. On the sequentials, you know, we've been very stable in terms of hybrid electrics as relative to total revenues or total unit sales on new, roughly 20% a quarter, and that has remained very stable. We have seen a decline in BEVs themselves in favor of ICE engines, probably to the extent of 5%-6% from first quarter to fourth quarter. Yeah, just yeah. yeah just yeah Yeah. yeah On the sequentials, you know, we've been very stable in terms of hybrid electrics as relative to total revenues or total unit sales on new, roughly 20% a quarter, and that has remained very stable. on the sequentials you know we've been very stable in terms of hybrid electrics as relative to total revenues or total unit sales on new roughly 20% a quarter and that has remained very stable We have seen a decline in BEVs themselves in favor of ICE engines, probably to the extent of 5%-6% from first quarter to fourth quarter. we have seen a decline in bevs themselves in favor of ice engines probably to the extent of 5%-6% from first quarter to fourth quarter

Speaker 5: Okay, thanks. I'll get back in queue. Okay, thanks. okay thanks I'll get back in queue. i'll get back in queue

Speaker 8: The next question comes from Jeff Lick at Stephens. Jeff, please go ahead. Your line is open. The next question comes from Jeff Lick at Stephens. the next question comes from jeff lick at stephens Jeff, please go ahead. jeff please go ahead Your line is open. your line is open

Speaker 4: Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Mike, as you point out in your several times in the prepared remarks, obviously, there was a lot of extraordinary items this year in terms of pull forwards and obviously the compare from last year after the election. I was just wondering if you could just break down the year, you know, thinking of 2025 as the base, and now you're... As you go in, is there any particular call-outs in terms of parts of the year or items that you would kind of call it, Hey, this is gonna be a particularly more challenging compare, or, Hey, things get a little easier here or there? Just wondering, you know, your perspective there, just kinda thinking of, you know, an extraordinary year of 2025 is not what you're comparing against. Good morning. good morning Thanks for taking my question. thanks for taking my question Mike, as you point out in your several times in the prepared remarks, obviously, there was a lot of extraordinary items this year in terms of pull forwards and obviously the compare from last year after the election. mike as you point out in your several times in the prepared remarks obviously there was a lot of extraordinary items this year in terms of pull forwards and obviously the compare from last year after the election I was just wondering if you could just break down the year, you know, thinking of 2025 as the base, and now you're... i was just wondering if you could just break down the year you know thinking of 2025 as the base and now you're As you go in, is there any particular call-outs in terms of parts of the year or items that you would kind of call it, Hey, this is gonna be a particularly more challenging compare, or, Hey, things get a little easier here or there? as you go in is there any particular call-outs in terms of parts of the year or items that you would kind of call it hey this is gonna be a particularly more challenging compare or hey things get a little easier here or there Just wondering, you know, your perspective there, just kinda thinking of, you know, an extraordinary year of 2025 is not what you're comparing against. just wondering you know your perspective there just kinda thinking of you know an extraordinary year of 2025 is not what you're comparing against

Speaker 7: Yeah, I think it's a great question. You know, we, we obviously, we obviously saw the dynamics of, of, various different announcements impact in March, April, for example, when tariffs really became very much front of mind. And then as we, we approached for those electrified powertrains, the end of incentives. They're the two key points where I think when we think about comms, we just need to be mindful, we just need to be mindful of that. I do think that there's... When I review the year, what I feel we did well was really to navigate those events. Yeah, I think it's a great question. yeah i think it's a great question You know, we, we obviously, we obviously saw the dynamics of, of, various different announcements impact in March, April, for example, when tariffs really became very much front of mind. you know we we obviously we obviously saw the dynamics of of various different announcements impact in march april for example when tariffs really became very much front of mind And then as we, we approached for those electrified powertrains, the end of incentives. and then as we we approached for those electrified powertrains the end of incentives They're the two key points where I think when we think about comms, we just need to be mindful, we just need to be mindful of that. they're the two key points where i think when we think about comms we just need to be mindful we just need to be mindful of that I do think that there's... i do think that there's When I review the year, what I feel we did well was really to navigate those events. when i review the year what i feel we did well was really to navigate those events Obviously, you feel good when you're in a period of pullback, but when that goes away, you try and make sure that you fill that vacuum as effectively as you can to continue the performance and the momentum in the business. And I think the demonstration from us and our results over the full year show that even in a turbulent year, we can continue to perform at a reasonable level and deliver the results to our shareholders. And I'm pleased about that because, you know, as we came into 2025, I think none of us had the expectations of how it would actually play out. We obviously think 2026 will be more stable, but I'm—there's no way I can call that. Obviously, you feel good when you're in a period of pullback, but when that goes away, you try and make sure that you fill that vacuum as effectively as you can to continue the performance and the momentum in the business. obviously you feel good when you're in a period of pullback but when that goes away you try and make sure that you fill that vacuum as effectively as you can to continue the performance and the momentum in the business And I think the demonstration from us and our results over the full year show that even in a turbulent year, we can continue to perform at a reasonable level and deliver the results to our shareholders. and i think the demonstration from us and our results over the full year show that even in a turbulent year we can continue to perform at a reasonable level and deliver the results to our shareholders And I'm pleased about that because, you know, as we came into 2025, I think none of us had the expectations of how it would actually play out. and i'm pleased about that because you know as we came into 2025 i think none of us had the expectations of how it would actually play out We obviously think 2026 will be more stable, but I'm—there's no way I can call that. we obviously think 2026 will be more stable but i'm—there's no way i can call that What I can tell you is that we have a business model that I think is robust, a business model that is disciplined, and what gets thrown at us will not only navigate, but we'll try and find those areas where we can maximize the opportunities that come. I think this year, we're gonna be, as we have always done, focused on affordability, frankly. You know, we all know what's happened with net transaction prices over the last few years and how that's impacted monthly payments. And it's been a topic of discussion, both on our calls, but with other people's calls as well. And I think we're gonna be... What I can tell you is that we have a business model that I think is robust, a business model that is disciplined, and what gets thrown at us will not only navigate, but we'll try and find those areas where we can maximize the opportunities that come. what i can tell you is that we have a business model that i think is robust a business model that is disciplined and what gets thrown at us will not only navigate but we'll try and find those areas where we can maximize the opportunities that come I think this year, we're gonna be, as we have always done, focused on affordability, frankly. i think this year we're gonna be as we have always done focused on affordability frankly You know, we all know what's happened with net transaction prices over the last few years and how that's impacted monthly payments. you know we all know what's happened with net transaction prices over the last few years and how that's impacted monthly payments And it's been a topic of discussion, both on our calls, but with other people's calls as well. and it's been a topic of discussion both on our calls but with other people's calls as well And I think we're gonna be... and i think we're gonna be Everybody will be very mindful of that and seeing how that may move through the year, as really an indicator of whatever strength is in the new retail market and used market as well. So that's kind of my top-of-mind thoughts in response to your question. Everybody will be very mindful of that and seeing how that may move through the year, as really an indicator of whatever strength is in the new retail market and used market as well. everybody will be very mindful of that and seeing how that may move through the year as really an indicator of whatever strength is in the new retail market and used market as well So that's kind of my top-of-mind thoughts in response to your question. so that's kind of my top-of-mind thoughts in response to your question

Speaker 4: And then just a quick follow-up. I was wondering if you could put your OEM hat back on. You know, as we get into the second half of this year, there's gonna be a, you know, a sizable year-over-year increase in lease returns. Just thinking about what that, how that might impact, you know, the dealership business, but also some of these lease returns are gonna be deeply underwater, specifically the EV ones. Just wondering how you see that dynamic of how the OEMs will handle that and how that will affect the franchise business. And then just a quick follow-up. and then just a quick follow-up I was wondering if you could put your OEM hat back on. i was wondering if you could put your oem hat back on You know, as we get into the second half of this year, there's gonna be a, you know, a sizable year-over-year increase in lease returns. you know as we get into the second half of this year there's gonna be a you know a sizable year-over-year increase in lease returns Just thinking about what that, how that might impact, you know, the dealership business, but also some of these lease returns are gonna be deeply underwater, specifically the EV ones. just thinking about what that how that might impact you know the dealership business but also some of these lease returns are gonna be deeply underwater specifically the ev ones Just wondering how you see that dynamic of how the OEMs will handle that and how that will affect the franchise business. just wondering how you see that dynamic of how the oems will handle that and how that will affect the franchise business

Speaker 7: Well, I would imagine every single OEM has already provided for that, frankly, because I don't think it... You know, we don't need to get there and it suddenly be a surprise. I think it is very well forecasted. I think it's very evident from some of the early signs that we are seeing, and any OEM should have assessed that in their portfolio and should have provided for it. There have been a number of very large provisions that have been announced, and I'm sure it also would cover forward-looking liabilities, such as residual values. I think increased lease returns into the business is a very, very good thing. I think the important part of that is that they return to market at a correct market price.... Well, I would imagine every single OEM has already provided for that, frankly, because I don't think it... well i would imagine every single oem has already provided for that frankly because i don't think it You know, we don't need to get there and it suddenly be a surprise. you know we don't need to get there and it suddenly be a surprise I think it is very well forecasted. i think it is very well forecasted I think it's very evident from some of the early signs that we are seeing, and any OEM should have assessed that in their portfolio and should have provided for it. i think it's very evident from some of the early signs that we are seeing and any oem should have assessed that in their portfolio and should have provided for it There have been a number of very large provisions that have been announced, and I'm sure it also would cover forward-looking liabilities, such as residual values. there have been a number of very large provisions that have been announced and i'm sure it also would cover forward-looking liabilities such as residual values I think increased lease returns into the business is a very, very good thing. i think increased lease returns into the business is a very very good thing I think the important part of that is that they return to market at a correct market price.... i think the important part of that is that they return to market at a correct market price and that the OEMs work with the dealers to try and make sure that that is a stable price in the marketplace, and not transfer some of the liability that may be there in terms of actual residual values onto the dealers and ultimately, to some extent, onto consumers. So, firstly, in summary, it's well known that there are certain models, certain powertrains, where the original residual value estimates are incorrect. I think they're well known. They should be provided for, and I think the dealers will benefit from those lease returns and work with their OEMs to try and get a reasonable, fair price for those vehicles in the marketplace. We're certainly looking forward to the benefits that come from improved lease returns in our business. and that the OEMs work with the dealers to try and make sure that that is a stable price in the marketplace, and not transfer some of the liability that may be there in terms of actual residual values onto the dealers and ultimately, to some extent, onto consumers. and that the oems work with the dealers to try and make sure that that is a stable price in the marketplace and not transfer some of the liability that may be there in terms of actual residual values onto the dealers and ultimately to some extent onto consumers So, firstly, in summary, it's well known that there are certain models, certain powertrains, where the original residual value estimates are incorrect. so firstly in summary it's well known that there are certain models certain powertrains where the original residual value estimates are incorrect I think they're well known. i think they're well known They should be provided for, and I think the dealers will benefit from those lease returns and work with their OEMs to try and get a reasonable, fair price for those vehicles in the marketplace. they should be provided for and i think the dealers will benefit from those lease returns and work with their oems to try and get a reasonable fair price for those vehicles in the marketplace We're certainly looking forward to the benefits that come from improved lease returns in our business. we're certainly looking forward to the benefits that come from improved lease returns in our business

Speaker 4: Thank you very much for the questions and answers, and best of luck on 2026. Thank you very much for the questions and answers, and best of luck on 2026. thank you very much for the questions and answers and best of luck on 2026

Speaker 8: The next question comes from Daniela Haigian from Morgan Stanley. Daniela, please go ahead. Your line is open. The next question comes from Daniela Haigian from Morgan Stanley. the next question comes from daniela haigian from morgan stanley Daniela, please go ahead. daniela please go ahead Your line is open. your line is open

Speaker 2: Thank you. Good morning, everyone. So you touched on this a little bit in the prior question, but how are you viewing affordability pressures as it relates to consumer credit availability as we enter this new year? You also mentioned consumer sensitivity to monthly payments. Have you seen any change in consumer behavior in the after-sales business, whether it's willingness to pay for certain repair orders or otherwise? Thank you. thank you Good morning, everyone. good morning everyone So you touched on this a little bit in the prior question, but how are you viewing affordability pressures as it relates to consumer credit availability as we enter this new year? so you touched on this a little bit in the prior question but how are you viewing affordability pressures as it relates to consumer credit availability as we enter this new year You also mentioned consumer sensitivity to monthly payments. you also mentioned consumer sensitivity to monthly payments Have you seen any change in consumer behavior in the after-sales business, whether it's willingness to pay for certain repair orders or otherwise? have you seen any change in consumer behavior in the after-sales business whether it's willingness to pay for certain repair orders or otherwise

Speaker 7: Yeah, as I said earlier, obviously, it depends how far you wanna go back, but people still referring back six years now to pre-pandemic. But we've seen significant compound growth in monthly payments that have basically been driven by a combination of average transaction price, but also some differences in charged APR. I think there will be some relief in charged APR as we get into this year, further into this year, particularly towards the back end. But there's no doubt that affordability is front of mind. I think the OEMs are going to look at how they can provide more affordable models in the marketplace, either through decontenting, because they are also absorbing, as you know, whatever the residual tariff impact will be on their cost of goods sold as well. Yeah, as I said earlier, obviously, it depends how far you wanna go back, but people still referring back six years now to pre-pandemic. yeah as i said earlier obviously it depends how far you wanna go back but people still referring back six years now to pre-pandemic But we've seen significant compound growth in monthly payments that have basically been driven by a combination of average transaction price, but also some differences in charged APR. but we've seen significant compound growth in monthly payments that have basically been driven by a combination of average transaction price but also some differences in charged apr I think there will be some relief in charged APR as we get into this year, further into this year, particularly towards the back end. i think there will be some relief in charged apr as we get into this year further into this year particularly towards the back end But there's no doubt that affordability is front of mind. but there's no doubt that affordability is front of mind I think the OEMs are going to look at how they can provide more affordable models in the marketplace, either through decontenting, because they are also absorbing, as you know, whatever the residual tariff impact will be on their cost of goods sold as well. i think the oems are going to look at how they can provide more affordable models in the marketplace either through decontenting because they are also absorbing as you know whatever the residual tariff impact will be on their cost of goods sold as well So I think that, they, they're gonna try and manage that without significantly impacting, net transaction price and maybe with some, maybe with some repackaging. But, I think as a result of that, that's one of the reasons why we think the new car market, in particular, will probably be down somewhere between 2% and 5% for the year. We anticipate that. That's in our view. We think that we will perform at a minimum in line with that, maybe slightly better. But we think that there is pent-up demand that will hold, the used car market relatively stable. Albeit there may well be some, shifting down to slightly lower prices in there. In terms of consumer behavior, we haven't really seen much behavior in the after-sales business. It's very competitive. So I think that, they, they're gonna try and manage that without significantly impacting, net transaction price and maybe with some, maybe with some repackaging. so i think that they they're gonna try and manage that without significantly impacting net transaction price and maybe with some maybe with some repackaging But, I think as a result of that, that's one of the reasons why we think the new car market, in particular, will probably be down somewhere between 2% and 5% for the year. but i think as a result of that that's one of the reasons why we think the new car market in particular will probably be down somewhere between 2% and 5% for the year We anticipate that. we anticipate that That's in our view. that's in our view We think that we will perform at a minimum in line with that, maybe slightly better. we think that we will perform at a minimum in line with that maybe slightly better But we think that there is pent-up demand that will hold, the used car market relatively stable. but we think that there is pent-up demand that will hold the used car market relatively stable Albeit there may well be some, shifting down to slightly lower prices in there. albeit there may well be some shifting down to slightly lower prices in there In terms of consumer behavior, we haven't really seen much behavior in the after-sales business. in terms of consumer behavior we haven't really seen much behavior in the after-sales business It's very competitive. it's very competitive We have seen over the last few years, and Christian tracks this religiously with his team, we have seen much, much more attention to the cost and pricing of service and parts within the business. And we know we compete with non-franchise providers of service and parts because our growth really is targeted on improving our penetration in the three-year-old-plus after-sales market. And to do that, you obviously have to provide great convenience, great service, but you've got to be very competitive on price. So we can achieve that without an impact on our margin, and the after-sales team, I think, did a good job. We talked about the improvement in after-sales margin. We just got to keep doing that. There is no right to that business. We have to conquest it, and to do that, it's the combination of price and service. We have seen over the last few years, and Christian tracks this religiously with his team, we have seen much, much more attention to the cost and pricing of service and parts within the business. we have seen over the last few years and christian tracks this religiously with his team we have seen much much more attention to the cost and pricing of service and parts within the business And we know we compete with non-franchise providers of service and parts because our growth really is targeted on improving our penetration in the three-year-old-plus after-sales market. and we know we compete with non-franchise providers of service and parts because our growth really is targeted on improving our penetration in the three-year-old-plus after-sales market And to do that, you obviously have to provide great convenience, great service, but you've got to be very competitive on price. and to do that you obviously have to provide great convenience great service but you've got to be very competitive on price So we can achieve that without an impact on our margin, and the after-sales team, I think, did a good job. so we can achieve that without an impact on our margin and the after-sales team i think did a good job We talked about the improvement in after-sales margin. we talked about the improvement in after-sales margin We just got to keep doing that. we just got to keep doing that There is no right to that business. there is no right to that business We have to conquest it, and to do that, it's the combination of price and service. we have to conquest it and to do that it's the combination of price and service So they're much, much more price sensitive, particularly as the vehicle gets a bit older, and you just have to be aware of it and respond accordingly. So they're much, much more price sensitive, particularly as the vehicle gets a bit older, and you just have to be aware of it and respond accordingly. so they're much much more price sensitive particularly as the vehicle gets a bit older and you just have to be aware of it and respond accordingly

Speaker 2: That's helpful. And then digging more into the used market, have you seen any mix shifts or do you expect to see your strategy evolve in, in terms of older or newer, within that, that segment, especially as off-lease volumes begin to return later this year? And then you also spoke to an opportunity to acquire more competitively in that market. So any commentary or color there would be helpful. Thank you. That's helpful. that's helpful And then digging more into the used market, have you seen any mix shifts or do you expect to see your strategy evolve in, in terms of older or newer, within that, that segment, especially as off-lease volumes begin to return later this year? and then digging more into the used market have you seen any mix shifts or do you expect to see your strategy evolve in in terms of older or newer within that that segment especially as off-lease volumes begin to return later this year And then you also spoke to an opportunity to acquire more competitively in that market. and then you also spoke to an opportunity to acquire more competitively in that market So any commentary or color there would be helpful. so any commentary or color there would be helpful Thank you. thank you

Speaker 7: Yeah. So firstly, if you just take our results, I think we performed really well in $40,000+ vehicles. We saw growth in that segment, and it's, it's a segment that I think we're very strong in. Where we did not perform really to market was in that... particularly that sub-$20,000 price range. And some of that is because when we think about vehicles we want to sell to our customers, many of those vehicles don't fit the profile that we wanna put in the marketplace. And I think chasing volume of a poor used car is not what we wanna do for the brand. Yeah. yeah So firstly, if you just take our results, I think we performed really well in $40,000+ vehicles. so firstly if you just take our results i think we performed really well in $40,000+ vehicles We saw growth in that segment, and it's, it's a segment that I think we're very strong in. we saw growth in that segment and it's it's a segment that i think we're very strong in Where we did not perform really to market was in that... particularly that sub-$20,000 price range. where we did not perform really to market was in that particularly that sub-$20,000 price range And some of that is because when we think about vehicles we want to sell to our customers, many of those vehicles don't fit the profile that we wanna put in the marketplace. and some of that is because when we think about vehicles we want to sell to our customers many of those vehicles don't fit the profile that we wanna put in the marketplace And I think chasing volume of a poor used car is not what we wanna do for the brand. and i think chasing volume of a poor used car is not what we wanna do for the brand But notwithstanding that, we are looking very, very carefully at how we can achieve a slightly different balance in terms of price segments of our used vehicles, which would naturally mean stocking vehicles of a lower price band, say sub $30,000, for the purpose of this discussion. But how do we do that and get the right inventory? That is a very, very competitive... That's a very, very competitive marketplace, as you can imagine. And this is where we've got to leverage our scale and our reach. And the way we would do that is our ability to respond to customers very quickly when they're looking for values.... But notwithstanding that, we are looking very, very carefully at how we can achieve a slightly different balance in terms of price segments of our used vehicles, which would naturally mean stocking vehicles of a lower price band, say sub $30,000, for the purpose of this discussion. but notwithstanding that we are looking very very carefully at how we can achieve a slightly different balance in terms of price segments of our used vehicles which would naturally mean stocking vehicles of a lower price band say sub $30,000 for the purpose of this discussion But how do we do that and get the right inventory? but how do we do that and get the right inventory That is a very, very competitive... that is a very very competitive That's a very, very competitive marketplace, as you can imagine. that's a very very competitive marketplace as you can imagine And this is where we've got to leverage our scale and our reach. and this is where we've got to leverage our scale and our reach And the way we would do that is our ability to respond to customers very quickly when they're looking for values.... and the way we would do that is our ability to respond to customers very quickly when they're looking for values Our ability to be flexible in terms of how we can go and get those vehicles or have those vehicles dropped off, the speed of our payment, and the fact that when you sell a vehicle to AutoNation, you're selling it to an investment grade company, and you get certainty with that. So, I think we got to leverage the infrastructure and the teams we have. So in summary, I think there is mix shifting that we should be aware of, and we should also make sure that we are playing in that, which is, say, sub-$30,000 vehicles, and we've got to leverage our strengths to be more successful at acquiring inventory in that area, and that's what Chris and team is focused on. Our ability to be flexible in terms of how we can go and get those vehicles or have those vehicles dropped off, the speed of our payment, and the fact that when you sell a vehicle to AutoNation, you're selling it to an investment grade company, and you get certainty with that. our ability to be flexible in terms of how we can go and get those vehicles or have those vehicles dropped off the speed of our payment and the fact that when you sell a vehicle to autonation you're selling it to an investment grade company and you get certainty with that So, I think we got to leverage the infrastructure and the teams we have. so i think we got to leverage the infrastructure and the teams we have So in summary, I think there is mix shifting that we should be aware of, and we should also make sure that we are playing in that, which is, say, sub-$30,000 vehicles, and we've got to leverage our strengths to be more successful at acquiring inventory in that area, and that's what Chris and team is focused on. so in summary i think there is mix shifting that we should be aware of and we should also make sure that we are playing in that which is say sub-$30,000 vehicles and we've got to leverage our strengths to be more successful at acquiring inventory in that area and that's what chris and team is focused on

Speaker 2: Thank you. Thank you. thank you

Speaker 8: The next question comes from John Saager at Evercore ISI. John, please go ahead. Your line is open. The next question comes from John Saager at Evercore ISI. the next question comes from john saager at evercore isi John, please go ahead. john please go ahead Your line is open. your line is open

Speaker 6: Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my call. Good morning. I was hoping you could discuss some of the, dig deeper into the used market. The GPUs in the second half were down, versus the previous six quarters, more at the $1,600 level. Do you think this is more of a demand or a supply issue, and, and how should we think about that heading into 2026? Hey, guys. hey guys Thanks for taking my call. thanks for taking my call Good morning. good morning I was hoping you could discuss some of the, dig deeper into the used market. i was hoping you could discuss some of the dig deeper into the used market The GPUs in the second half were down, versus the previous six quarters, more at the $1,600 level. the gpus in the second half were down versus the previous six quarters more at the $1,600 level Do you think this is more of a demand or a supply issue, and, and how should we think about that heading into 2026? do you think this is more of a demand or a supply issue and and how should we think about that heading into 2026

Speaker 7: So, Tom, do you want to answer this, and then I'll add some color? So, Tom, do you want to answer this, and then I'll add some color? so tom do you want to answer this and then i'll add some color

Speaker 10: Yes, sure. Yes, sure. yes sure

Speaker 7: Or would you like me to answer it? Or would you like me to answer it? or would you like me to answer it

Speaker 10: No, happy to do it. I'll build off of what you said earlier. I mean, you know, you're right, John. You know, the fourth quarter was a low mark for the year in terms of used GPU. We were disappointed. We know that some actions that we can take, and will get us back to the norms that we had in the first and second quarters. We, you know, eventually we expect to be in target on a longer-term basis, 2,000 per unit. Some of it is the basics Mike mentioned, acquiring at the right price, reconditioning properly, not excessively, and getting the day one pricing correct. No, happy to do it. no happy to do it I'll build off of what you said earlier. i'll build off of what you said earlier I mean, you know, you're right, John. i mean you know you're right john You know, the fourth quarter was a low mark for the year in terms of used GPU. you know the fourth quarter was a low mark for the year in terms of used gpu We were disappointed. we were disappointed We know that some actions that we can take, and will get us back to the norms that we had in the first and second quarters. we know that some actions that we can take and will get us back to the norms that we had in the first and second quarters We, you know, eventually we expect to be in target on a longer-term basis, 2,000 per unit. we you know eventually we expect to be in target on a longer-term basis 2,000 per unit Some of it is the basics Mike mentioned, acquiring at the right price, reconditioning properly, not excessively, and getting the day one pricing correct. some of it is the basics mike mentioned acquiring at the right price reconditioning properly not excessively and getting the day one pricing correct The market is tighter, so it's important to move with speed when, you know, when we're, you know, doing acquisitions. But we do have opportunity. I mean, the short term, getting the right mix, as Mike mentioned, you know, calibrating, brands, price points and the like, aging. Managing our funnel, our, our commercial funnel of opportunities all the way through to closure, the second, you know, shorter-term opportunity we have. And as, as we said, doing reconditioning, you know, efficiently and quickly and getting the vehicles out to the floor. Longer term, we're really encouraged by the business. We'll be making some investments in it. We do want to improve the, you know, customer journey. As you know, it's become much more virtual and digital, and we're putting that capability in place. The market is tighter, so it's important to move with speed when, you know, when we're, you know, doing acquisitions. the market is tighter so it's important to move with speed when you know when we're you know doing acquisitions But we do have opportunity. but we do have opportunity I mean, the short term, getting the right mix, as Mike mentioned, you know, calibrating, brands, price points and the like, aging. i mean the short term getting the right mix as mike mentioned you know calibrating brands price points and the like aging Managing our funnel, our, our commercial funnel of opportunities all the way through to closure, the second, you know, shorter-term opportunity we have. managing our funnel our our commercial funnel of opportunities all the way through to closure the second you know shorter-term opportunity we have And as, as we said, doing reconditioning, you know, efficiently and quickly and getting the vehicles out to the floor. and as as we said doing reconditioning you know efficiently and quickly and getting the vehicles out to the floor Longer term, we're really encouraged by the business. longer term we're really encouraged by the business We'll be making some investments in it. we'll be making some investments in it We do want to improve the, you know, customer journey. we do want to improve the you know customer journey As you know, it's become much more virtual and digital, and we're putting that capability in place. as you know it's become much more virtual and digital and we're putting that capability in place And we'll continue to work on that too. That's an investment we want to make. So in summary, you know, we're paying a lot of attention to the business and you know that we'll be driving the unit profitability and overall profitability higher. And we'll continue to work on that too. and we'll continue to work on that too That's an investment we want to make. that's an investment we want to make So in summary, you know, we're paying a lot of attention to the business and you know that we'll be driving the unit profitability and overall profitability higher. so in summary you know we're paying a lot of attention to the business and you know that we'll be driving the unit profitability and overall profitability higher

Speaker 7: You know, I think that was a really comprehensive answer. There's not much that I can add, but, one thing I think that is going to show is the strength of being a new car retailer, and that is, if you look at sourcing channels, there has been increased competition really across all sourcing channels, not just trade-ins. We buy your car, obviously, auction, that's going to continue. We've been able to offset some of that cost pressure through mix changes as well, in terms of how we've sourced vehicles. And I think that's something that we have the ability to do because we operate a very, very sizable new car sales organization, and, that, that is a great and often, often undervalued channel because it is still the best channel to source excellent used car vehicles. And I think it will... You know, I think that was a really comprehensive answer. you know i think that was a really comprehensive answer There's not much that I can add, but, one thing I think that is going to show is the strength of being a new car retailer, and that is, if you look at sourcing channels, there has been increased competition really across all sourcing channels, not just trade-ins. there's not much that i can add but one thing i think that is going to show is the strength of being a new car retailer and that is if you look at sourcing channels there has been increased competition really across all sourcing channels not just trade-ins We buy your car, obviously, auction, that's going to continue. we buy your car obviously auction that's going to continue We've been able to offset some of that cost pressure through mix changes as well, in terms of how we've sourced vehicles. we've been able to offset some of that cost pressure through mix changes as well in terms of how we've sourced vehicles And I think that's something that we have the ability to do because we operate a very, very sizable new car sales organization, and, that, that is a great and often, often undervalued channel because it is still the best channel to source excellent used car vehicles. and i think that's something that we have the ability to do because we operate a very very sizable new car sales organization and that that is a great and often often undervalued channel because it is still the best channel to source excellent used car vehicles And I think it will... and i think it will I think it will play. I think there will be more competition, and I think that will be part that channel will partially offset that. Partially, not completely, because you also get price pressure in that channel, which is knock on price pressure from more visible channels, but it will partially offset some of that price pressure. And, I think Tom answered the rest really, really incredibly, really well. Thanks, Tom. I think it will play. i think it will play I think there will be more competition, and I think that will be part that channel will partially offset that. i think there will be more competition and i think that will be part that channel will partially offset that Partially, not completely, because you also get price pressure in that channel, which is knock on price pressure from more visible channels, but it will partially offset some of that price pressure. partially not completely because you also get price pressure in that channel which is knock on price pressure from more visible channels but it will partially offset some of that price pressure And, I think Tom answered the rest really, really incredibly, really well. and i think tom answered the rest really really incredibly really well Thanks, Tom. thanks tom

Speaker 6: Okay, great. Thanks for that. Really, good answer. And then on new GPUs, can you give us a sense of what you're seeing in the marketplace? You mentioned that you're seeing sort of continued stabilization, and I think the market is going to be very encouraged if we see that continue. Okay, great. okay great Thanks for that. thanks for that Really, good answer. really good answer And then on new GPUs, can you give us a sense of what you're seeing in the marketplace? and then on new gpus can you give us a sense of what you're seeing in the marketplace You mentioned that you're seeing sort of continued stabilization, and I think the market is going to be very encouraged if we see that continue. you mentioned that you're seeing sort of continued stabilization and i think the market is going to be very encouraged if we see that continue

Speaker 10: Yeah, thanks, John. I mean, I mean, the third quarter to fourth quarter, Mike talked through the, you know, the improvement in the overall, the weighted GPU, notwithstanding the, you know, the pressure we, we've got on, OEM dealer incentives. We're encouraged as we built our plan for the 2026, that there are actions that we can take to continue that stabilization. So far, so good. I mean, we haven't closed January. I expect to see, stable, December to January. So off to a good start, I'd say, you know, on that front. It takes, it takes discipline. To do this with the industry inventory levels also. Yeah, thanks, John. yeah thanks john I mean, I mean, the third quarter to fourth quarter, Mike talked through the, you know, the improvement in the overall, the weighted GPU, notwithstanding the, you know, the pressure we, we've got on, OEM dealer incentives. i mean i mean the third quarter to fourth quarter mike talked through the you know the improvement in the overall the weighted gpu notwithstanding the you know the pressure we we've got on oem dealer incentives We're encouraged as we built our plan for the 2026, that there are actions that we can take to continue that stabilization. we're encouraged as we built our plan for the 2026 that there are actions that we can take to continue that stabilization So far, so good. so far so good i I mean, we haven't closed January. i mean we haven't closed january I expect to see, stable, December to January. i expect to see stable december to january So off to a good start, I'd say, you know, on that front. so off to a good start i'd say you know on that front It takes, it takes discipline. it takes it takes discipline To do this with the industry inventory levels also. to do this with the industry inventory levels also

Speaker 8: My apologies. Please stand by. My apologies. my apologies Please stand by. please stand by

Speaker 7: ... Adam, can you hear us now? ... Adam, can you hear us now? adam can you hear us now

Speaker 8: We can hear you loud and clear. We can hear you loud and clear. we can hear you loud and clear

Speaker 7: Are we live with all of our guests? Are we live with all of our guests? are we live with all of our guests

Speaker 10: Yeah, we're good. Yeah, we're good. yeah we're good

Speaker 8: We are. We are. we are

Speaker 7: Good. Sorry about that, guys. I don't know what happened from a technology point of view, but I will just repeat what I said. I was referencing Raj's question right at the very beginning about the balances, the puts and takes in our business, and I think that's an important one to know as we get into this year. I think what we're trying to build is obviously a growing after-sales base, a pool of customers that we can continue to serve and drive up our loyalty. And that means that we want to make sure that we don't lose pace with the marketplace, and to do that, we obviously have to be competitive to make sure that we stay at a minimum, in line, in line with market. Good. good Sorry about that, guys. sorry about that guys I don't know what happened from a technology point of view, but I will just repeat what I said. i don't know what happened from a technology point of view but i will just repeat what i said I was referencing Raj's question right at the very beginning about the balances, the puts and takes in our business, and I think that's an important one to know as we get into this year. i was referencing raj's question right at the very beginning about the balances the puts and takes in our business and i think that's an important one to know as we get into this year I think what we're trying to build is obviously a growing after-sales base, a pool of customers that we can continue to serve and drive up our loyalty. i think what we're trying to build is obviously a growing after-sales base a pool of customers that we can continue to serve and drive up our loyalty And that means that we want to make sure that we don't lose pace with the marketplace, and to do that, we obviously have to be competitive to make sure that we stay at a minimum, in line, in line with market. and that means that we want to make sure that we don't lose pace with the marketplace and to do that we obviously have to be competitive to make sure that we stay at a minimum in line in line with market We do try and balance it where we can balance it. As that market develops and we see what happens, there may well be more or less pressure on margins, but as Tom said, we have seen stability from third quarter to fourth quarter, and our expectation, particularly in H1, is that we think to a large extent, that will continue in 2026. We do try and balance it where we can balance it. we do try and balance it where we can balance it As that market develops and we see what happens, there may well be more or less pressure on margins, but as Tom said, we have seen stability from third quarter to fourth quarter, and our expectation, particularly in H1, is that we think to a large extent, that will continue in 2026. as that market develops and we see what happens there may well be more or less pressure on margins but as tom said we have seen stability from third quarter to fourth quarter and our expectation particularly in h1 is that we think to a large extent that will continue in 2026

Speaker 10: Yep. Yep. yep

Speaker 6: Thanks so much. Thanks so much. thanks so much

Speaker 7: Yep. Yep. yep

Speaker 8: Next question comes from Colin Langan, from Wells Fargo. Colin, please go ahead. Your line is open. Next question comes from Colin Langan, from Wells Fargo. next question comes from colin langan from wells fargo Colin, please go ahead. colin please go ahead Your line is open. your line is open

Speaker 1: Oh, great. Thanks for taking my questions. Just want to ask on aftersales, growth was, you know, 6% on a same-store basis, which, you know, I think historically it's, you know, go back many years, it was 3% or 4%. I mean, should we think of that staying at the, the higher end of sort of mid-single, or do you think there's just some, you know, maybe good news this year, some catch-up this year from some of the issues last year? And then also on the margin there, margins also have been actually quite strong, you know, much higher than they were five years ago. Is that sustainable or does that moderate a little bit into, to 2026? Oh, great. oh great Thanks for taking my questions. thanks for taking my questions Just want to ask on aftersales, growth was, you know, 6% on a same-store basis, which, you know, I think historically it's, you know, go back many years, it was 3% or 4%. just want to ask on aftersales growth was you know 6% on a same-store basis which you know i think historically it's you know go back many years it was 3% or 4% I mean, should we think of that staying at the, the higher end of sort of mid-single, or do you think there's just some, you know, maybe good news this year, some catch-up this year from some of the issues last year? i mean should we think of that staying at the the higher end of sort of mid-single or do you think there's just some you know maybe good news this year some catch-up this year from some of the issues last year And then also on the margin there, margins also have been actually quite strong, you know, much higher than they were five years ago. and then also on the margin there margins also have been actually quite strong you know much higher than they were five years ago Is that sustainable or does that moderate a little bit into, to 2026? is that sustainable or does that moderate a little bit into to 2026

Speaker 7: So I'll give you my view on that. We talked about the competitive nature of aftersales and the fact that what we want to do is to conquest in particular vehicle park of three-year-old vehicles. I think what that means is that our hourly rate obviously needs to be competitive. So the fact that that by its very nature says that we the margins that we delivered are going to be constrained to some extent, albeit still incredibly healthy, and we're very pleased with them. We do think that there's opportunity for us with different products that we can offer and different ways of communicating with the customer, that we can provide more work on a per RO basis. So I'll give you my view on that. so i'll give you my view on that We talked about the competitive nature of aftersales and the fact that what we want to do is to conquest in particular vehicle park of three-year-old vehicles. we talked about the competitive nature of aftersales and the fact that what we want to do is to conquest in particular vehicle park of three-year-old vehicles I think what that means is that our hourly rate obviously needs to be competitive. i think what that means is that our hourly rate obviously needs to be competitive So the fact that that by its very nature says that we the margins that we delivered are going to be constrained to some extent, albeit still incredibly healthy, and we're very pleased with them. so the fact that that by its very nature says that we the margins that we delivered are going to be constrained to some extent albeit still incredibly healthy and we're very pleased with them We do think that there's opportunity for us with different products that we can offer and different ways of communicating with the customer, that we can provide more work on a per RO basis. we do think that there's opportunity for us with different products that we can offer and different ways of communicating with the customer that we can provide more work on a per ro basis That doesn't necessarily drive up margin, per se, but it does help us a lot with regard to the productivity that we have in our business. So there may be some incremental opportunity on the margin side, but that's not what we bake into our plans. What we bake into our plans is more sustainable growth, not margin growth per se. Tom? That doesn't necessarily drive up margin, per se, but it does help us a lot with regard to the productivity that we have in our business. that doesn't necessarily drive up margin per se but it does help us a lot with regard to the productivity that we have in our business So there may be some incremental opportunity on the margin side, but that's not what we bake into our plans. so there may be some incremental opportunity on the margin side but that's not what we bake into our plans What we bake into our plans is more sustainable growth, not margin growth per se. what we bake into our plans is more sustainable growth not margin growth per se Tom? tom

Speaker 10: Yeah, I guess the other thing is, we have plenty of capacity to support, you know, more repair orders, physical capacity. And as Mike said, you know, we've been able to grow our technician workforce. But if we can continue that, with minimal additional investment, you know, we have the plan in place to support more business, which itself will drive, you know, higher margin rates as well, better absorption. So, I think we're positioned, you know, to sustain the trends we've had, and, you know, continue to... Christian and the team continue to manage this very closely. Yeah, I guess the other thing is, we have plenty of capacity to support, you know, more repair orders, physical capacity. yeah i guess the other thing is we have plenty of capacity to support you know more repair orders physical capacity And as Mike said, you know, we've been able to grow our technician workforce. and as mike said you know we've been able to grow our technician workforce But if we can continue that, with minimal additional investment, you know, we have the plan in place to support more business, which itself will drive, you know, higher margin rates as well, better absorption. but if we can continue that with minimal additional investment you know we have the plan in place to support more business which itself will drive you know higher margin rates as well better absorption So, I think we're positioned, you know, to sustain the trends we've had, and, you know, continue to... so i think we're positioned you know to sustain the trends we've had and you know continue to Christian and the team continue to manage this very closely. christian and the team continue to manage this very closely

Speaker 7: Yeah, I think the other thing that you mentioned earlier in your commentary that we should just, we should just remind Colin of, you know, between Christian and Gianluca, we have, I think, been successful at growing our wholesale business. And wholesale, as we know, is much, much more competitive and the margin is diluted. So I think that is, for us, a big area, again, of opportunity of growth, and that will have, from a headline perspective, downward pressure on the margin. So, you know, when we talk about aftersales margin, I think we need to be clear that you may see a moderation in, the margin that we report, and that may well be a mix-driven thing. It may not be, margin per se, through our workshop. Yeah, I think the other thing that you mentioned earlier in your commentary that we should just, we should just remind Colin of, you know, between Christian and Gianluca, we have, I think, been successful at growing our wholesale business. yeah i think the other thing that you mentioned earlier in your commentary that we should just we should just remind colin of you know between christian and gianluca we have i think been successful at growing our wholesale business And wholesale, as we know, is much, much more competitive and the margin is diluted. and wholesale as we know is much much more competitive and the margin is diluted So I think that is, for us, a big area, again, of opportunity of growth, and that will have, from a headline perspective, downward pressure on the margin. so i think that is for us a big area again of opportunity of growth and that will have from a headline perspective downward pressure on the margin So, you know, when we talk about aftersales margin, I think we need to be clear that you may see a moderation in, the margin that we report, and that may well be a mix-driven thing. so you know when we talk about aftersales margin i think we need to be clear that you may see a moderation in the margin that we report and that may well be a mix-driven thing It may not be, margin per se, through our workshop. it may not be margin per se through our workshop Colin, please just bear that in mind when you're thinking about the future and what Tom and I just said. Colin, please just bear that in mind when you're thinking about the future and what Tom and I just said. colin please just bear that in mind when you're thinking about the future and what tom and i just said

Speaker 1: Got it. And just secondly, any thoughts on SG&A? I think in the past you've talked about 66%-67% being the right target. Is that still sort of the long-term target and any sort of actions that might help, you, you know, reduce costs into next year that gets you closer to 66%? Got it. got it And just secondly, any thoughts on SG&A? and just secondly any thoughts on sg&a I think in the past you've talked about 66%-67% being the right target. i think in the past you've talked about 66%-67% being the right target Is that still sort of the long-term target and any sort of actions that might help, you, you know, reduce costs into next year that gets you closer to 66%? is that still sort of the long-term target and any sort of actions that might help you you know reduce costs into next year that gets you closer to 66%

Speaker 10: Yeah, good question, Colin. Yeah, first of all, reaffirm 66-67 is a, is a, our intent, our intended target. We were a bit higher in the fourth quarter, and probably will be a little bit higher as we go forward here, at least in the early part of the year. You know, we've made some upfront investments on advertising, and it's really to in the upper funnel, which, you know, for us means, you know, creating demand as opposed to lower funnel, where you're actually trying to capitalize on known demand. And we feel like we've got some opportunity to drive better, you know, upper funnel activity, so that's requiring a little bit of incremental investment here. Yeah, good question, Colin. yeah good question colin Yeah, first of all, reaffirm 66-67 is a, is a, our intent, our intended target. yeah first of all reaffirm 66-67 is a is a our intent our intended target We were a bit higher in the fourth quarter, and probably will be a little bit higher as we go forward here, at least in the early part of the year. we were a bit higher in the fourth quarter and probably will be a little bit higher as we go forward here at least in the early part of the year You know, we've made some upfront investments on advertising, and it's really to in the upper funnel, which, you know, for us means, you know, creating demand as opposed to lower funnel, where you're actually trying to capitalize on known demand. you know we've made some upfront investments on advertising and it's really to in the upper funnel which you know for us means you know creating demand as opposed to lower funnel where you're actually trying to capitalize on known demand And we feel like we've got some opportunity to drive better, you know, upper funnel activity, so that's requiring a little bit of incremental investment here. and we feel like we've got some opportunity to drive better you know upper funnel activity so that's requiring a little bit of incremental investment here And as we also talked about our loaner pool, we've made some conscious investments in. It helps you on the used vehicle side when they come out of the pool. So we've talked about, you know, a tight market, but that gives us a little bit of a relief valve in terms of supply. But importantly, it's also helping us support the service business, you know, in its totality. So apart from those, you know, two incremental things, I expect us to, you know, continue to drive towards the, you know, lower end of that range we talked about over the long term. And we've got, you know, a number of different initiatives in place. And as we also talked about our loaner pool, we've made some conscious investments in. and as we also talked about our loaner pool we've made some conscious investments in It helps you on the used vehicle side when they come out of the pool. it helps you on the used vehicle side when they come out of the pool So we've talked about, you know, a tight market, but that gives us a little bit of a relief valve in terms of supply. so we've talked about you know a tight market but that gives us a little bit of a relief valve in terms of supply But importantly, it's also helping us support the service business, you know, in its totality. but importantly it's also helping us support the service business you know in its totality So apart from those, you know, two incremental things, I expect us to, you know, continue to drive towards the, you know, lower end of that range we talked about over the long term. so apart from those you know two incremental things i expect us to you know continue to drive towards the you know lower end of that range we talked about over the long term And we've got, you know, a number of different initiatives in place. and we've got you know a number of different initiatives in place As you know, the biggest component of SG&A is compensation, and it's important for us to have good productivity when it comes to both sales and service. We feel like we've got excellent training programs and standard procedures that we've got on the cycle, service cycles to drive productivity and comp and benefits. I meant—I talked about advertising. And then the, you know, the big category is just, you know, other SG&A. We've got a number of good initiatives to manage through some of these inflationary things that we're seeing, like energy costs, you know, as an example. We're trying to standardize our usage model around the utilities to offset some of that. So, it's an effort that we're heavily focused on and just reiterating where we are in terms of the range. Hopefully, that helps, Colin. As you know, the biggest component of SG&A is compensation, and it's important for us to have good productivity when it comes to both sales and service. as you know the biggest component of sg&a is compensation and it's important for us to have good productivity when it comes to both sales and service We feel like we've got excellent training programs and standard procedures that we've got on the cycle, service cycles to drive productivity and comp and benefits. we feel like we've got excellent training programs and standard procedures that we've got on the cycle service cycles to drive productivity and comp and benefits I meant—I talked about advertising. i meant—i talked about advertising And then the, you know, the big category is just, you know, other SG&A. and then the you know the big category is just you know other sg&a We've got a number of good initiatives to manage through some of these inflationary things that we're seeing, like energy costs, you know, as an example. we've got a number of good initiatives to manage through some of these inflationary things that we're seeing like energy costs you know as an example We're trying to standardize our usage model around the utilities to offset some of that. we're trying to standardize our usage model around the utilities to offset some of that So, it's an effort that we're heavily focused on and just reiterating where we are in terms of the range. so it's an effort that we're heavily focused on and just reiterating where we are in terms of the range Hopefully, that helps, Colin. hopefully that helps colin

Speaker 1: Yeah, super helpful. Thank you very much for taking my question. Yeah, super helpful. yeah super helpful Thank you very much for taking my question. thank you very much for taking my question

Speaker 8: We'll now head back to the management team for any closing comments. We'll now head back to the management team for any closing comments. we'll now head back to the management team for any closing comments

Speaker 7: Yeah. Thanks, Adam. Again, thank you very much for joining the call today and, and all of your questions. And just finally, as I mentioned earlier, I just wanna thank the operations team for what we delivered. And as usual, and you all know this, that's behind us now. We've got 2026 ahead of us, so let's get to it. Yeah. yeah Thanks, Adam. thanks adam Again, thank you very much for joining the call today and, and all of your questions. again thank you very much for joining the call today and and all of your questions And just finally, as I mentioned earlier, I just wanna thank the operations team for what we delivered. and just finally as i mentioned earlier i just wanna thank the operations team for what we delivered And as usual, and you all know this, that's behind us now. and as usual and you all know this that's behind us now We've got 2026 ahead of us, so let's get to it. we've got 2026 ahead of us so let's get to it

Speaker 8: This concludes today's call. Thank you very much for your attendance. You may now disconnect your line. This concludes today's call. this concludes today's call Thank you very much for your attendance. thank you very much for your attendance You may now disconnect your line. you may now disconnect your line